View clinical trials related to Cholestasis.
Filter by:Background: Despite the use of parenteral nutrition cycling (PNC) in neonatal intensive care units (NICU), there is limited evidence regarding the benefits in relation to the nutrición parenteral total (NPT) in term and late preterm infants. The recommendations from the recently published Latin American Society of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Pediatric Nutrition guidelines are substantially different in this area, and surveys have reported variations in clinical practice. The aim of this randomised controlled trial (RCT) is to evaluate the benefits and risks of PNC AND parenteral nutrition total (NPT) in term and late preterm infants.
Biliary stricture is mainly malignant in the adults and caused by several types of fatal malignancies such as pancreatic cancer, cholangiocarcinoma, and metastatic tumor, which have poor prognosis that the overall survival of unresectable lesions is no more than 15 months. The poor outcome often relates to a lack of reliable strategies for early diagnosis, which results in most patients with malignant biliary stricture being already advanced-stage disease at presentation. Therefore, it is critical to discover novel and effective strategies for the early diagnosis of malignant biliary strictures. Brush cytology and biopsy during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) are the main methods for recognizing malignant diseases of the bile duct, but their sensitivity is relatively low, 45% and 48.1%, respectively. Even when combined with other biomarkers like carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9), their sensitivity is still less than 80%. In the previous study, the investigators found that bcf-eccDNA has excellent diagnostic value in predicting uncertain bile duct stricture, and the sensitivity and specificity of a related eccDNA in 40 samples are 80.8% and 100%. The sensitivity and specificity of another eccDNA were 92.3% and 92.9%, respectively. However, the sample size is still relatively small, and further prospective studies are needed to evaluate its diagnostic efficacy.
Chronic diffuse liver disease implies liver damage of various origin - viral hepatitis, the effect of xenobiotics (alcohol, drugs, medications, industrial toxins), metabolic disorders, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Intrahepatic cholestasis syndrome, or bile retention, occurs in 11-55% of cases of diffuse chronic liver diseases, usually leads to a worsening of the liver disease, a decrease in the effectiveness of treatment. The drug REMAXOL® is a solution for infusion, which has shown high effectiveness in the syndrome of intrahepatic cholestasis in cases of liver dysfunction due to acute or chronic damage. The study drug REMAXA® enteric-coated tablets is a hybrid drug which contains the same active metabolites as REMAXOL, i.e. inosine, methionine, nicotinamide, and succinic acid. The purpose of this study is to select the optimal dose and dosage regimen followed by evaluation safety and efficacy of REMAXA®, enteric-coated tablets, in comparison with REMAXOL®, solution for infusion, in patients who suffer from chronic diffuse liver diseases and have intrahepatic cholestasis.
The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the feasibility and validity of a previously developed peroral cholangioscopy (POC) convolutional neural network (CNN) to determine the etiology of biliary strictures when used in real-time.
The aim of this study is to evaluate how variations in maternal nutrition may affect twin pregnancy and in particular: - incidence of maternal obstetric complications: - gestational diabetes - gestational hypertension or preeclampsia - intrahepatic cholestasis (ICP) - fetal growth, development and birth weight of the babies
Multicentric Italian registry aimed to evaluated the role and results of plastic and metal stents in the treatment of malignant distal biliary strictures
The study will evaluate the results of endoscopic treatment of NON-anastomotic biliary strictures following liver transplantation
Rationale: Bile salts are potent signalling molecules influencing various metabolic and functional processes. Bile salts exert these functions by activating nuclear (e.g. FXR ) and plasma cell membrane-bound receptors (e.g. TGR5) which are expressed in several tissues (e.g. liver, small intestine, colon, kidney and gallbladder). Bile salts regulate their own biosynthesis by controlling the transcription of the hepatic bile salt synthetic enzyme CYP7A1. Two pathways are involved in the negative feedback control of bile salt synthesis: i) the hepatic FXR-SHP pathway and ii) the ileal FXR-FGF19 pathway. Studies showed that the latter is more prominent in controlling CYP7A1 transcript levels (viz. bile salt synthesis). Thus, bile salts are synthesized in the liver, excreted in bile and expelled by the gallbladder into the proximal intestine (to aid in lipid absorption and digestion) and reabsorbed in the terminal ileum to recycle back to the liver via portal blood. Bile salts reclaimed from the intestinal lumen by the ileocyte, activate FXR. This induces the expression of an enterokine, FGF19, which signals via portal blood to the liver to activate its receptor which initiates downstream signalling to repress bile salt synthesis. The FXR/FGF19 signalling pathway is the subject of the present study. Patients with obstructive cholestasis (=accumulation of bile) caused by malignancies (e.g. pancreatic cancer, cholangiocarcinoma) have a perturbed enterohepatic cycle. Obstructive cholestasis is associated with i) gut barrier dysfunction, ii) endotoxemia, iii) bacterial overgrowth and iv) liver injury. Previous study showed that FGF19 is expressed in the liver of patients with obstructive cholestasis. However, knowledge about the contribution of FGF19 protein by the gut in obstructive cholestasis has thus far been unexplored. Preliminary findings revealed that FGF19 is produced by the portal drained viscera (viz. intestine) of non-cholestatic patients undergoing liver surgery. The inter-organ signalling of FGF19 in an obstructed entero-hepatic cycle has not yet been characterized and likewise the metabolic and other functional effects of inflicted FGF19 signalling during cholestasis have not been clarified. The hypothesis is that the FXR-FGF19 pathway is disturbed in patients with obstructive cholestasis, and this is associated with organ injury and metabolic dysfunction. The investigators postulate that FGF19 is not produced by the terminal ileum under conditions of obstructive cholestatic, but production is shifted to the liver and this affects metabolic processes. The aim of this study is to investigate FGF19 signalling in patients with cholestasis compared to non-cholestatic patients or post-cholestatic patients (drained patients) by calculating fluxes across the portal drained organs. Secondly, the investigators aim to investigate the metabolic and functional consequences (glucose, lipid homeostasis, cholestatic itch, gut barrier function) of a disturbed FXR-FGF19 pathway in humans. This study will provide insights that may lead to potential therapeutic strategies for patients with a disturbed enterohepatic cycle (e.g. cholestatic liver diseases). Study population: Adult (>18 years old) cholestatic (cholestasis group), drained (restored enterohepatic cycle) and non-cholestatic patients (controls, normal enterohepatic circulation) undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy (Whipple procedure) for hepatopancreaticobiliary malignancies (e.g. pancreatic cancer, cholangiocarcinoma) or liver resection for hepatic malignancies (e.g. cholangiocarcinoma, colorectal liver metastases) are eligible for this study. Study period: inclusion is planned from 1.12.2017 until 1.12.2024
The project will amalgamate data from several large Indian centers to describe the genotype, clinical spectrum, natural course, genotype-phenotype correlation, outcome, and response to medical therapy in Indian children with progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis (PFIC). This will be the first such Indian registry of children with PFIC. There are currently limited single-center studies describing the genotype, natural course, and outcome of Indian children with PFIC. Data will be collected retrospectively from the participating centers across the country. Only genetically confirmed cases would be included.
Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) is a disorder characterized by itching, elevated fasting serum bile acids ≥10μmol/L (and elevated serum transaminases), with increased risks of perinatal complications, including spontaneous preterm labor, fetal distress, infant respiratory distress syndrome, meconium-stained liquor (MSL), and sudden intrauterine death (IUD). The Incidence of ICP varies from 0.1 to 15.6% of all pregnancies, with the highest cases in Chile, South Asia, America, and Scandinavia. The burden of ICP in India according to various states is as follows Punjab (3.1%), Chandigarh (4.8%), Delhi (0.79%), West Bengal (3.3%), and Lucknow (Uttar Pradesh) (2.8%).