Maintaining Optimal HVNI Delivery Using Automatic Titration of Oxygen in Preterm Infants

Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia Clinical Trial

— MODERATION Neo  

Official title:

Maintaining Optimal Delivery Using Automatic Titration of Oxygen in Preterm Infants Receiving High Velocity Nasal Insufflation Therapy

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Terminated

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT05030012
• Other study ID #: RP-NIOA2019001Reg
• Status: Terminated
• Phase: N/A
• Start date: September 2, 2021
• Est. completion date: October 19, 2023

Study information

• Verified date: October 2023
• Source: Vapotherm, Inc.
• Contact: n/a
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Study type: Interventional

Clinical Trial Summary

Oxygen treatment is common in management of preterm babies requiring intensive care. Delivery of too much or too little oxygen increase the risk of damage to eyes and lungs, and contributes to death and disability. Oxygen control in preterm infants requires frequent adjustments in the amount of oxygen delivered to the baby. This is generally performed manually by a clinician attending the baby, and generally directed to maintaining a specific range of blood oxygen saturation. The manual control often results in only half of the time in the specified range, with the baby experiencing high and low blood oxygen saturations.

The technology being studied is designed to assist the clinician in maintaining blood oxygen saturation within target range by measuring oxygen saturation and automatically adjusting the amount of oxygen delivered for babies receiving high velocity nasal insufflation (an advanced form of high flow oxygen therapy). The proposed study will evaluate the efficacy and safety of the automatic control of oxygen by the new technology, as compared to manual control, among babies receiving high velocity therapy in a neonatal intensive care unit.

Description:

Detailed Description: Supplemental oxygen is commonly administered to babies in neonatal intensive care units. The goal of oxygen therapy is to maintain normal oxygenation while minimizing hypoxemia and hypoxemia. Preterm infants are particularly vulnerable to oxygen toxicity and oxidative stress leading to retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), and periventricular leukomalacia (PVL). It's also well known that preterm infants experience hypoxic events exposing the baby to low oxygen levels. These hypoxic events vary as the infant matures, but exposure to prolonged and frequent episodes of hypoxemia is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. The delivery of oxygen is generally controlled by a clinician, and the control decisions are generally made using a non-invasive measure of blood oxygen saturation called pulse oximetry (SpO2) and is a standard of care in the neonatal intensive care unit. The most frequent item adjusted by clinicians to maintain SpO2 within specific target ranges is the fraction of the inspired oxygen (FiO2).

In a recent study by Reynolds, et al., caregiver manual control of oxygen delivered to NICU babies receiving high velocity therapy resulted in only 49% of the total 24-hour study period with the babies within the target SpO2 range (90-95%). by the caregiver based on the monitored oxygen saturation. Similar to the Reynolds findings, Hagadorn et al., conducted a study in 14 centers and showed that preterm infants under 28 weeks' gestation receiving oxygen spent on average only 48% of the time with SpO2 within the prescribed target range, about 36% of the time above and 16% of the time with SpO2 below the target range.

Preterm infants have frequent fluctuations in SpO2 due to their cardio-respiratory instability requiring frequent adjustments of FiO2 . Consequently, these particularly vulnerable infants spend significant time with SpO2 outside the optimal target range and are often exposed to extremes of hypoxemia and hyperoxaemia. The automatic oxygen control system continuously monitors the oxygen saturation and adjusts the oxygen delivery to maintain oxygen saturation within the target range. The efficacy of this mode of oxygen control was demonstrated by Reynolds, et al. in 2018 from two centers in the United Kingdom. Automated control of FiO2 can significantly improve compliance of oxygen saturation targeting and may significantly reduces exposure to hypoxemia as well as hyperoxaemia. The high velocity nasal insufflation therapy is a common mode of non-invasive respiratory support in preterm infants.

Unlike prior studies, this study will include a set of hypothesis-driven safety endpoints (proportion of time above or below target range), stratification by body mass at enrolment, and skin pigmentation phenotype. The objective of this randomized control trial is to evaluate the efficacy of the controller (Vapotherm Oxygen Assist Module [OAM]) in maintaining the SpO2 within target range for premature infants receiving high velocity therapy and presenting with a labile FiO2 requirement.

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Terminated
• Enrollment: 15
• Est. completion date: October 19, 2023
• Est. primary completion date: October 19, 2023
• Accepts healthy volunteers: No
• Gender: All
• Age group: N/A and older

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Infants delivered at a gestational age of less than or equal to 35 6/7 weeks (Preterm) being treated with high velocity nasal insufflation therapy for the management of respiratory distress syndrome

2. Patients that clinically require SpO2 maintenance within the target range of 90-95%

3. A need for supplemental oxygen as demonstrated by a required FiO2 > 0.25 at enrollment

4. Requiring a flow rate of greater than 2 L•min-1 such that the assumed inspired oxygen fraction matched delivered oxygen fraction (definition of HVNI).

5. A minimum of 6 manual FiO2 adjustments in the 24hr period prior to trial enrollment.

6. Willing/Able to complete informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Current patient weight of <1000g or >3500g at time of study

2. Major congenital abnormalities

3. Hemodynamic instability, defined as being outside of a normotensive range based on an infant's individual characteristics by clinician

4. Persistent unresolved apnea defined as: requiring 6 stimulations or more per 6 hours

5. Seizures

6. Ongoing sepsis

7. Meningitis

8. Clinician's concern regarding stability of the infant

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia
• Infant, Premature
• Neonatal Respiratory Distress
• Oxygen Saturation
• Respiratory Distress Syndrome
• Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn

Intervention

Device:
• Automated Control
The purpose of this intervention is to evaluate that the efficacy and safety during the automated performance of the Vapotherm OAM are not inferior to standard care practice (manual control) in maintaining SpO2 levels of 90-95% in preterm infants requiring oxygen adjustments while being treated with high velocity nasal insufflation (HVNI) therapy.
• Manual Control
The purpose of this intervention is to establish an active comparator via standard care practice against which to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the automated arm of the study, for determination of non-inferiority of that automated control arm to manual control in maintaining SpO2 levels of 90-95% in preterm infants being treated with high velocity nasal insufflation (HVNI) therapy.

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
United States	University of Utah Hospital	Salt Lake City	Utah
United States	Seattle Children's Hospital	Seattle	Washington
United States	Children's National Hospital & Research Institute	Washington	District of Columbia

Sponsors (4)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
Vapotherm, Inc.	Children's National Research Institute, Seattle Children's Hospital, University of Utah

Country where clinical trial is conducted

United States, 

References & Publications (2)

Hagadorn JI, Furey AM, Nghiem TH, Schmid CH, Phelps DL, Pillers DA, Cole CH; AVIOx Study Group. Achieved versus intended pulse oximeter saturation in infants born less than 28 weeks' gestation: the AVIOx study. Pediatrics. 2006 Oct;118(4):1574-82. doi: 10.1542/peds.2005-0413. — View Citation

Reynolds PR, Miller TL, Volakis LI, Holland N, Dungan GC, Roehr CC, Ives K. Randomised cross-over study of automated oxygen control for preterm infants receiving nasal high flow. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed. 2019 Jul;104(4):F366-F371. doi: 10.1136/archdischild-2018-315342. Epub 2018 Nov 21. — View Citation

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Primary	Primary Safety Objective - Proportion of Time Outside of SpO2 Target Range	Percentage of time spent outside target oxygen saturation range, measured by pulse oximetry (SpO2). A lower value indicates a better outcome.	Through study completion, two consecutive 24-hour periods
Primary	Primary Performance Objective - Proportion of Time Within SpO2 Target Range	Percentage of time spent within target oxygen saturation range, measured by pulse oximetry (SpO2). A higher value indicates a better outcome.	Through study completion, two consecutive 24-hour periods
Secondary	Secondary Performance Objective 1 - Proportion of Time Within SpO2 Target Range (Weight Groups)	Percentage of time spent within target oxygen saturation range across two weight groups (1000g-2500g, 2501g-3500g), measured by pulse oximetry (SpO2). A higher value indicates a better outcome.	Through study completion, two consecutive 24-hour periods
Secondary	Secondary Performance Objective 2 - Proportion of Time Within SpO2 Target Range (Skin Pigmentation)	Percentage of time spent within target oxygen saturation range across two skin pigmentation groups (light, dark), measured by pulse oximetry (SpO2). A higher value indicates a better outcome.	Through study completion, two consecutive 24-hour periods