View clinical trials related to Bronchiolitis.
Filter by:The goal of this study is to evaluate the utilization of conventional 'thermally' polarized perfluorinated gases mixed with oxygen as an exogenous inert contrast agent to image the airway spaces in subjects with suspected lung disease, post deployment in Iraq and Afghanistan. This is an open label proof of concept study expanding on work here at Duke.
This study evaluates the effect of intermittent tiotropium bromide and salbutamol as needed versus intermittent fluticasone propionate and salbutamol as needed, or solely, salbutamol as needed on episode-free days in infants and toddlers with recurrent episodes of wheeze and/or shortness of breath.
Helium is an inert gas with a density almost one-seventh of that of air. Based on its properties breathing a mixture of helium and oxygen (heliox) will lead to a reduction in resistance through narrowed airways and consequently decreases the work of breathing. Participating infants with RSV acute bronchiolitis will be supplied with heliox (ration of 21 oxygen and 79 helium) delivered through a flow nasal cannula to evaluate heliox effect in improving their oxygenation. Heliox will act as an additive therapy to improve oxygenation in patients with lower respiratory tract infection caused by respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) and will decrease the need for more complicated therapies.
Background: Bronchiolitis is one of the most common and costly respiratory diseases in infants and young children. Despite the high prevalence and morbidity of bronchiolitis, therapy remains controversial. Supportive care ensuring adequate hydration and oxygenation remains the cornerstone of therapy for these infants. Over the past 2 decades, research on bronchiolitis management has explored the use of nebulized hypertonic saline that rehydrate the airway surface liquid and improve mucociliary clearance, as well as reduce airway edema. Aim:The aim of this study is to investigate whether the addition of frequently nebulized hypertonic saline to standard therapy affects the length of stay (LOS) of moderately ill infants hospitalized with bronchiolitis.
The enrolled RSV-bronchiolitis patients will be randomized into two arms , the early HHHFNC group and the standard therapy group with rescue HHHFNC to study the efficacy of this treatment.
This study aims to determine whether or not early spirometric detection and management of obstructive lung disease with combined fluticasone/azithromycin/montelukast therapy (FAM) can attenuate declining lung function, prevent the development of bronchiolitis obliterans, and improve patient outcomes following hematopoietic stem cell transplant.
This study will compare the novel methods of NS and BS with the standard technique of nasophayngeal aspiration (NPA) and routine ETT suction. We shall assess the samples for diagnosis of RSV, viral load and immune responses in the airways of babies with RSV infection. We shall also assess the genetics of babies included in this study, to see if they may be vulnerable to RSV infection.
This study aims to assess the feasibility of using an intervention for environmental smoke exposure in children that uses cotinine testing results with written materials and telephone counseling for a potential future study of parents whose children are admitted with respiratory illnesses to The Barbara Bush Children's Hospital in Portland, Maine.
Double blind, randomized multi-center, evaluation of the efficacy, safety and tolerability of Nitric Oxide (NO) given intermittently via inhalation to subjects with acute bronchiolitis. Bronchiolitis is defined as an infection of the small airways. It is also the most common manifestation of acute lower respiratory infection (ALRI) in early infancy, and is the leading cause of global child mortality. Nitric Oxide (NO) has been shown to play a critical role in various biological functions, including in the vasodilatation of smooth muscle, neurotransmission, regulation of wound healing and during immune responses to infection with a microbicidal action directed toward various organisms. In the airways, NO is considered to play a key role in the innate immune system in which the first-line of host defense against microbes is built. The beneficial effect of NO has been shown in different diseases with several options of doses and regimens; newborn with primary pulmonary hypertension showed improvement in oxygenation after 30 minutes of NO treatment at 10-20 ppm, while subjects with adult respiratory distress syndrome demonstrated clinical improvement during NO treatment at 18 and 36 ppm. In vitro studies suggested that NO, in part per million (ppm) concentrations, possesses antimicrobial and anti-viral activity against a wide variety of phyla including bacteria, viruses, helminthes and parasites. Safety and tolerability of 160 ppm NO given intermittently via inhalation were shown in a phase II study performed on 2-12 month infants hospitalized with bronchiolitis. According to data no difference in the proportion of adverse events and serious adverse events were detected between subjects treated with NO and subjects treated with standard supportive treatment. In this study the investigators wish to assess the efficacy of 160 ppm NO given intermittently via inhalation to 0-12 months-old infants hospitalized due to acute bronchiolitis. Primary objective: Asses the difference in hospital Length of Stay (LOS) between subjects treated with 160 ppm NO combined with standard supportive treatment and subjects treated with standard supportive treatment. Secondary objectives: Asses the difference in the time required to achieve clinical improvement, a clinical score ≤5 (Modified Tal score) between subjects treated with 160 ppm NO combined with standard supportive treatment and subjects treated with standard supportive treatment. Assess the difference in the time required to achieve sustained 92% oxygen saturation in room air between subjects treated with 160 ppm NO combined with standard supportive treatment and subjects treated with standard supportive treatment. Characterize the safety and tolerability of 160 ppm NO intermittent inhalation treatment as measure by the rate of adverse events. In this prospective double-blind, randomized multi-Center study the investigators will enroll up to 120 (no less than 80) subjects aged 0-12 months-old, diagnosed with acute bronchiolitis and requiring in-patient hospitalization. Enrolled subjects will be randomized into 2 groups. Group 1 -Treatment group - Will receive 160 ppm NO given intermittent via inhalation in addition to standard treatment for up to 5 days. Group 2 - will receive ongoing inhalation of the standard treatment for up to 5 days. Between study and after completing all study inhalations the subject will continue to receive the standard treatment. Oxygen (O2), NO, nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) delivered to the patient will be continuously monitored. Treatment administration: Treatment blindness will be kept by separating between un-blinded team members (giving the actual treatment) and blinded team members, and by hiding the NO container and all study related equipment behind a curtain. All subjects will return for follow-up visits on day 14(+5), 21(+5) days and will be contacted on day 30 (+5) from day of admission to the department.
Prospective randomized study of patients admitted to the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit suffering from Bronchiolitis and are supported on Non Invasive Positive Pressure Ventilation. The patient population will be divided into two groups, one group will receive conventional treatment and the other group will receive conventional treatment and three times a day of physiotherapy using Intrapulmonary Percussive Ventilation.