View clinical trials related to Bronchiolitis.
Filter by:Pneumonia is the commonest cause of death in children worldwide, killing 1.5 million children under the age of 5 years, every year. This is more than the number of children dying from AIDS, malaria and tuberculosis combined. The current diagnostic and management protocols for managing serious respiratory diseases in children are 30 years old and are greatly in need of updating. The successful establishment of useful clinical management criteria for children with respiratory diseases will have benefits for children in low resource regions around the world. The goals of the study are: - To determine if children with respiratory distress can be reliably diagnosed under low-resource conditions. - To identify the clinical tests that best differentiate pneumonia from wheezy diseases. These will be used to establish updated diagnostic criteria for common pediatric lung diseases that broaden the current pneumonia algorithm by adding another for wheezy illnesses. - The ultimate objective is to improve the management and outcome of acute respiratory conditions in children. - Investigators also wish to test the efficacy of a locally developed cell phone oximeter probe in a low resource setting.
A phase III multicenter randomized double blind clinical trial will be conducted. After obtaining written consent the infant will be randomized, during the first two weeks of life, to a study group to receive either 400 IU or 1,000 IU / day of vitamin D to the year of age. Baseline and all follow up visits (2, 6, and 12 months of life) will include anthropometric measurements and a questionnaire about health issues. A blood sample will be obtained at baseline for analysis of 25OH vitamin D, and at 6 and 12 months for analysis of 25 OH vitamin D, and calcium. Healthy term born infants of appropriate size for gestational age will be included. We will need to include 359 children in each group. The primary objective of the study is to decrease the proportion of infants with acute bronchitis during the first year of life by supplementation of 1,000 IU/day vitamin D. Secondary otcomes are: To check that the administration of 1,000 IU/day vitamin D decreases the proportion of infants with upper respiratory tract infections, the proportion of children under one year of age hospitalized for acute bronchiolitis, and the demand on the healthcare system due to respiratory infections and absences from work for parents and achieves a higher proportion of children with adequate blood levels 25 OH vitamin D.
The purpose of this study is to demonstrate that heated, humidified, high-flow nasal cannula (HHHFNC) is superior to hypertonic saline solution (HSS) in the treatment of moderate acute viral bronchiolitis in infants in improving respiratory distress and comfort and reducing length of hospital stay (LOS) and admission to Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU).
Research suggests that hypertonic saline may improve mucous flow in infants with acute bronchiolitis. Data suggest a trend favoring reduced length of hospital stay and improved pulmonary scores with increasing concentration of nebulized solution to 3% and 5% saline as compared to 0.9% saline mixed with epinephrine. To our knowledge, 7% hypertonic saline has not been previously investigated. OUr hypothesis was that 7% hypertonic saline would improve bronchiolitis severity scores and admission rate.
In infancy, bronchiolitis is the most common acute infection of the lower respiratory Tract. The current treatment of bronchiolitis is controversial. Bronchodilators and corticosteroids are widely used but not routinely recommended. Hypertonic saline is currently the only drug recommended by the Spanish Association of Pediatrics in treatment guidelines. The purpose of this study is quantify whether epinephrine, dexamethasone, and hypertonic saline are effective to decrease the rate of hospital admissions at seven day, also verify adverse effects in patients submitted.
Our study will investigate inhalation therapy of NaCl 3% compared to standard therapy with no inhalation in the treatment of moderate to severe bronchiolitis. The impact on length of hospital stay will be analyzed.
A study to evaluate the role of forced oscillation in precocious diagnosis of bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome in patients with pulmonary transplant (time difference in detecting distal airways functional impairment by forced oscillation and the standard technique using spirometry).
xTAG RPP assay is a PCR-based assay to detect the presence or absence of viral and bacterial DNA / RNA in clinical specimens (nasopharyngeal swabs). The objective of this study is to establish diagnostic accuracy of the xTAG RPP.
The purpose of this study is to determine whether nebulized hypertonic saline solution reduces the admission rate 48 hours after initial treatment in the emergency department, when compared to normal saline solution (control).
Prospective, Double Blind, Randomized Single-Center, Evaluation of Safety and Tolerability of Nitric Oxide Given Intermittently via Inhalation to Subjects with Bronchiolitis-Phase IIa Bronchiolitis is defined as an infection of the small airways. It is also the most common manifestation of acute lower respiratory infection (ALRI) in early infancy, and is the leading cause of global child mortality. NO has been shown to play a critical role in various biological functions, including the vasodilatation of smooth muscle, neurotransmission, regulation of wound healing and immune responses to infection such as microbicidal action directed toward various organisms. NO in the airways is considered to play a key role in the innate immune system in which the first-line of host defense against microbes is built. It has shown the beneficial effect of NO in different diseases with several options of doses and regimens - from newborn with primary pulmonary hypertension which showed improvement in oxygenation after 30 minutes of NO treatment at 10-20 ppm, to a subject with adult respiratory distress syndrome, who demonstrated clinical improvement during NO treatment at 18 and 36 ppm. In vitro studies utilizing a variety of nitric oxide (NO) donors suggested that NO, in part per million (ppm) concentrations, possesses antimicrobial and anti-viral activity against a wide variety of phyla including bacteria, viruses, helminthes and parasites. Primary Objectives: Assess the safety of NO intermittent inhalation treatment in 2-12 month old bronchiolitis subjects. Assess the tolerability of NO intermittent inhalation treatment in 2-12 month old bronchiolitis subjects Secondary Objective: Assess the efficacy of NO intermittent inhalation treatment compared to standard treatment in 2-12 months old bronchiolitis subjects. Prospective, double blind, randomized single-Center study of 44 hospitalized subjects aged 2 -12 months old, diagnosed with bronchiolitis will be enrolled into the study and randomized into 2 groups. Group 1 -Treatment group - Will receive nitric oxide inhalation in addition to standard treatment for up to 5 days, Group 2 - will receive ongoing inhalation of the standard treatment for 5 days. Treatment administration: Treatment blindness will be kept by separating between unblinded team members (giving the actual treatment) and blinded team members, and by hiding the NO container and all study related equipment behind a curtain. Between study inhalations the subject will continue to receive the standard inhalation treatment. Oxygen (O2), NO , nitrogen dioxide(NO2)and fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) delivered to the patient will be continuously monitored. All subjects will come for follow up visits on day 7(+5), 14 (+5) days and will be contacted on day 30 (+5) from day of admission to the department. End of study treatment (both groups) will be assessed by a blinded study physician base on clinical assessment. Subject improvement that will lead to end study treatment = clinical score < 6 and/or (Oxygen saturation)SaO2 above 92% and/or decision of subject discharge from the hospital.