View clinical trials related to Brain Neoplasms.
Filter by:Impairments in aspects of social cognition are disorder-transcending: these have been demonstrated in various neurological disorders, such as traumatic brain injury (TBI), stroke, brain tumours (both low grade glioma's and meningioma's) and multiple sclerosis (MS). Social cognition involves processing of social information, in particular the abilities to perceive social signals, understand others and respond appropriately (Adolphs 2001). Crucial aspects of social cognition are the recognition of facial expressions of emotions, perspective taking (also referred to as mentalizing or Theory of Mind), and empathy. Impairments in social cognition can have a large negative impact on self-care, communication, social and professional functioning, and thus on quality of life of patients. Recently, a first multi-faceted treatment for social cognitive impairments in TBI was developed and evaluated; T-ScEmo (Training Social Cognition and Emotion). T-ScEmo turned out to be effective in reducing social cognitive symptoms and improving daily life social functioning in this particular group, with effects lasting over time (Westerhof-Evers et al, 2017, 2019). Unfortunately, up till now there are no evidence based, transdiagnostic treatment possibilities available for these impeding social cognition impairments in neurological patient groups, other than TBI. Therefore the aim of the present study is to investigate whether T-ScEmo is effective for social cognition disorders in patients with different neurological impairments, such as stroke (including subarachnoidal haemorrhage (SAH)), brain tumours, MS, infection (meningitis, encephalitis) and other. The secondary objective is to determine which patient related factors are of influence on treatment effectiveness. In short, hopefully this study can contribute to a treatment possibility for social cognition disorders for all patients with various neurological disorders. It is expected that T-ScEmo will be effective for various neurological disorders, based on previous research of Westerhof-Evers et al. (2017, 2019). Since social cognition disorders within patients with traumatic brain injury do all have the same ethiology it is expected that the treatment will show the same effects for patients with various neurological disorders. Therefore it is expected that patients will improve on social cognition, social participation and quality of life and social behaviour, that these results will last over time.
This early phase I trial evaluates different administration techniques (oral or intravenous) for arginine and tests the safety of giving arginine with whole brain radiation therapy in patients who have cancer that has spread from where it first started (primary site) to the brain (brain metastases). Arginine is an essential amino acid. Amino acids are the molecules that join together to form proteins in the body. Arginine supplementation has been shown to improve how brain metastases respond to radiation therapy. The optimal dosing of arginine for this purpose has not been determined. This study measures the level of arginine in the blood with oral and intravenous dosing at specific time intervals before and after drug administration to determine the best dosing strategy.
This observational trial evaluates the use of Ommaya reservoir placed during a biopsy to collect biomarkers longitudinally in patients with brain tumor. A biomarker is a measurable indicator of the severity or presence of the disease state. An Ommaya reservoir is a small device that's implanted under the scalp. It allows the doctor to take samples of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the future without doing a spinal tap. The identification of biomarkers in CSF is rapidly emerging as a promising minimally invasive approach for monitoring tumor growth and response to therapy. In the future, these biomarkers may be used to help determine what treatments could be most effective and how well a tumor has responded to prior therapy. Currently, limited long-term access to CSF has made it difficult for studies to learn if collecting CSF at different points in the treatment process is useful. Having an Ommaya reservoir placed during a biopsy may allow for longitudinal biomarker collection in patients with brain tumor.
The investigators were to explore whether high-dose Furmonertinib, compared with osimertinib, could achieve longer survival in patients with EGFR-mutated NSCLC with CNS metastasis.
While many studies have investigated the prognostic factors for patients undergoing surgical resection for primary brain tumors, decision-making for patients with brain metastasis (BM) is more complex because of their higher burden of comorbidities compared to those with primary brain tumors. In addition, although various prognostic indicators have been identified to predict prognosis in several types of cancer, such as the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), prognostic nutritional index (PNI), and systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), limited studies have yet determined which group of patients would yield beater survival outcome after surgical resection for BM. This study aimed to investigate the impact of patient and perioperative characteristics and prognostic indicators on survival outcome of patients undergoing surgical resection of BM.
This clinical trial tests the effectiveness of an interactive time-restricted diet intervention (txt4fasting) in reducing neurocognitive decline and improving survival outcomes after stereotactic radiosurgery in patients with breast or lung cancer that has spread to the brain (brain metastases). Lung cancer and breast cancer are the two most frequent causes of brain metastases. The diagnosis of brain metastases is associated with poorer survival and tumor-induced and treatment-related side effects. Stereotactic radiosurgery is a type of external radiation therapy that uses special equipment to position the patient and precisely give a single large dose of radiation to a tumor. Patients who receive stereotactic radiosurgery for brain metastases may experience less neurocognitive side effects than with other types of brain radiation, but may still be at risk for their brain metastases growing, spreading, or getting worse. Patients with obesity and diabetes have been shown to have worse survival and increased radiation-related side effects. Evidence demonstrates that simply changing meal timing can have a positive impact on multiple health outcomes. Time-restricted eating, or prolonged nighttime fasting, has been proven to have positive effects on heart disease risk reduction, weight control management and chemotherapy side effect reduction. Txt4fasting may be effective in decreasing neurocognitive decline and improving survival outcomes in patients undergoing stereotactic radiosurgery for brain metastases from breast or lung cancer.
REPOSE is a phase II clinical trial exploring the safety and efficacy of repotrectinib in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) characterized by the presence of brain metastasis (BM) and whose tumors have mutated ROS proto-oncogene 1, receptor tyrosine kinase (ROS1) gene.
Primary and secondary brain tumors, the leading cause of death from cancer before the age of 35, represent a complex and heterogeneous group of pathologies with a generally poor prognosis. Knowledge of these tumors has made enormous strides thanks to access to biological samples, leading to a much more robust, reliable and precise histo-pronostic classification, but also, increasingly, to the identification of theranostic targets. Despite these advances, there is a real need to refine diagnostic and prognostic classification, identify the biological mechanisms involved in the formation and progression of these pathologies, develop new targeted strategies, and devise minimally invasive follow-up methods (liquid biopsies). In addition, certain non-tumoral brain lesions (e.g. malformations) can be similarly classified according to their molecular and mutational profile. This project aims to make a decisive contribution to these objectives.
The purpose of this clinical study should be that, in the context of planned resections of glial brain tumors, pieces of tissue (biopsies) are removed from the tumor at several specific locations before the actual tumor resection takes place. The aim of these biopsies in advance to the actual tumor resection will be to receive tumor tissue samples not altered in such a way that it is no longer adequate for further treatment. If not adequate, a so-called "undergrading" could occur, which means that the biological structure of the tumor is misjudged and further therapy does not achieve the desired effect in the patient. On the one hand, certain tumor regions can drift due to a "brain shift" which leads to inaccurate tissue removal, and on the other hand samples are not altered by pressure or bleeding. To carry out these biopsies, a robot positioning device (AutoGuide®) will be used that has already been approved and tested for this type of intervention. The use of the AutoGuide® is intended to ensure that the tumor sample is taken with the greatest possible precision.
Pragmatics of language refers to the set of abilities that allow one to use and interpret language according to context and, in general, to communicate effectively. Disorders in the pragmatics of language are prevalent in various clinical populations. They are a cause of social withdrawal and worse quality of life, both for patients directly affected and for their family members. Despite this, this type of disorder is rarely considered in neuropsychological assessment and rehabilitation. This study's objective is to characterize pragmatic deficits in various neurological populations, allowing for the most accurate diagnosis possible and leading to the planning of personalized and effective Rehabilitation Plans.