View clinical trials related to Brain Lesion.
Filter by:The purpose of the study is to determine whether treatment with pre-operative hypofractionated stereotactic radiosurgery followed by surgery will improve time to local failure (TTLF) compared to the current standard of care.
The primary purpose of this study is to assess the feasibility, safety and reliability of the use of handheld dynamometry in evaluating intraoperative motor function for patients undergoing awake craniotomy for the resection of brain lesions located within or adjacent to the motor cortex.
The progression of brain lesions after severe head trauma or subarachnoid hemorrhage results from extra cranial aggression which is well controlled in intensive care and intracranial aggression which is less well known and therefore less well managed. The detection of events that can generate new lesions from intracranial monitoring is limited and late once the lesions are irreversible. Invasive cortical depolarizations (SD) can be observed using cortical electrodes and an acquisition system having access to the usually filtered DC signal (0 to 1 Hz). SD are observed at the onset of a new attack of the cortex and spread widely away from the site of aggression. During their propagation, SD generate a significant metabolic demand, and can cause ischemic injury, particularly after meningeal or post-traumatic hemorrhage. SDs are therefore both a marker of new lesion and a mechanism of progression of primary lesions. Yet this type of monitoring is only performed in some expert centers around the world. The analysis of the feasibility and safety of the placement of cortical electrodes in this indication is therefore an essential step to study the clinical benefit of individualized management on the basis of this monitoring.
The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the safety (clinical and biological) and pharmacokinetics (plasma and urine) profile of P03277 following single administration at ascending dose levels in healthy subjects.
Readmissions increasingly serve as a metric of hospital performance, inviting quality improvement initiatives in both medicine and surgery. Recently, a readmission reduction program in the United States was associated with significantly shorter length of stay, earlier discharge, and reduced 30-day readmission after elective neurosurgery. These results underscore the importance of patient education and surveillance after hospital discharge, and it would be beneficial to test whether the same approach yields beneficial results in a different health system, the NHS. In this study, the investigators will replicate the Transitional Care Program (TCP) published by Robertson et al.(Journal of Neurosurgery 2017) with the goal of decreasing length of stay, improving discharge efficiency, and reducing readmissions in neurosurgical patients by optimizing patient education and post-discharge surveillance.
Two groups of subjects will be constitute: (i) patients with circumscribed brain injury (including stroke, vascular malformations, tumor or circumscribed infectious lesions) or degenerative/developmental disorders and selective cognitive disorders; (ii) healthy control subjects. The objective of this project is to evaluate specific neuropsychological deficits and apply current brain imaging techniques (anatomical, diffusion, functional, magnetic stimulation) to patients suffering from these cognitive deficits due to brain damage, in order to elucidate the brain mechanisms underlying these deficits.
The goal of this clinical research study is to learn if using advanced magnetic resonance imaging (AMRI) will improve the targeting of brain tumor needle biopsies compared to the standard targeting techniques. Researchers also want to learn how the results of the images and biopsies compare to each other to try to improve the way researchers and radiologists use AMRI images. This is an investigational study. The perfusion scan is not FDA approved or commercially available. It is currently only being used in research. There will be no cost to you for the advanced MRI, additional anesthesia, special pathology stains, and/or gene testing for this study. Up to 50 patients will take part in this study. All will be enrolled at MD Anderson.
Prematurely born children are at higher risk of cognitive impairments and behavioral disorders than full-term children. There is growing evidence of significant volumetric and shape abnormalities in subcortical structures of premature neonates, which may be associated to negative long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes. The general objective is to look directly at the long-term neurodevelopmental implications of these neonatal subcortical structures abnormalities. Investigators propose to develop biomarkers of prematurity by comparing the morphological and diffusion properties of subcortical structures between preterm, with and without associated brain injuries, and full-term neonates using brain MRI. By combining subcortical morphological and diffusion properties, investigators hypothesize to be able to: (1) delineate specific correlative relationships between structures regionally and differentially affected by normal maturation and different patterns of white matter injury, and (2) improve the specificity of neuroimaging to predict neurodevelopmental outcomes earlier. The specific aims and general methodology are: 1) Build a new toolbox for neonatal subcortical structures analyses that combine a group lasso-based analysis of significant regions of shape changes, a structural correlation network analysis, a neonatal tractography, and tensor-based analysis on tracts; 2) Ascertain biomarkers of prematurity in neonates with different patterns of abnormalities using correlational and connectivity analysis within and between structures features; 3) Assess the predictive potential of subcortical imaging on neurodevelopmental outcomes by correlating neonatal imaging results with long-term neurodevelopmental scores at 9 and 18 months, and 6-8 years, follow-up. In each of these aims, investigators will use advanced neuroimaging analysis developed by their group and collaborator, including multivariate tensor-based morphometry and multivariate tract-based analysis. This application will provide the first complete subcortical network analysis in both term and preterm neonates. In the first study of its kind for prematurity, investigators will use sparse and multi-task learning to determine which of the biomarkers of prematurity at birth are the best predictors of long-term outcome. Once implemented, these methods will be available to compare subcortical structures for other pathologies in newborns and children.
In this randomized double-blind controlled study we would like to test the benefit of neurofeedback for the recovery of patients with frontal brain injury during an early stage of neurorehabilitation.
A wide spectrum of methods is used to image brain activation in vivo. It can be directly detected by neurons electrical activity imaging (cortical simulation mapping, calcium imaging, voltage sensitive dyes) or indirectly by imaging hemodynamic changes induced by the neurovascular coupling in the vessels surrounding the activated neurons (intrinsic optical imaging, photoacoustic imaging, positron emission tomography (PET), functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)). Ultrasound as the potential to complement these functional imaging techniques at low cost. Ultrasound imaging can do real-time in-depth imaging of brain. However, its use to imaging of major vessels has been limited until now due to its poor sensitivity. To overcome this limitation functional ultrasound (fUS) was developed in Institut Langevin since 2011. This technique enables high spatio-temporal resolution imaging of whole-brain microvasculature dynamics in response to brain activation without the need of contrast agent. This fUS method relies on a new power Doppler imaging sequence sensitive enough to detect blood flow in most of cerebral vessels (arterioles, big venules and larger vessels). Repeating the acquisition of such ultrasensitive Doppler images over time enables to follow flow dynamics in such vessels modulated by local neuronal activity. Applied to the rat brain, fUS was proved able to map brain activation at high spatiotemporal resolution and high signal to noise ratio. The aim of this study is now to apply fUS on human brain in intraoperative condition. The main objective of this study is to find activation maps through intraoperative ultrasensitive Doppler compared to gold standard cortical simulation mapping and functional MRI. Secondly the investigators want to test sensitivity of this new Doppler mode. fUS method will be used for different types of stimuli and intensity and the investigators will do some control acquisitions. Blood vessel density observed with a conventional Doppler will be compared to the one measured with the ultrasensitive Doppler to prove that this new Doppler mode enhance micro vessel visualization.