View clinical trials related to Bone Mineral Density.
Filter by:Treatment for childhood cancer interferes with normal bone maturation such that maximal peak bone mass may never be attained by some survivors of childhood cancer. In childhood cancer survivors, a randomized trial evaluating the effectiveness of vitamin D and calcium supplementation among ALL survivors is currently underway; however, few other interventions have been offered for this at risk population. Recent evidence demonstrates that low magnitude; high frequency mechanical stimulation can improve bone quantity and quality, perhaps providing an alternative or adjunct to pharmacologic intervention in populations where additional medications are either contraindicated or not acceptable to the individuals at risk. This application proposes a prospective double blind randomized clinical trial of low magnitude, high frequency mechanical (LMHF) stimulation for childhood cancer survivors whose bone mineral density is one or more standard deviations below the mean for their age and gender.
This study is being conducted to compare the effects of a 91-day oral contraceptive (OC) to a 28-day OC regimen on bone mineral density (BMD) in adolescent females.
The significance of this population-based study is in producing new information for planning interventions and rehabilitation programs for the elderly, planning education of health care personnel and planning national health education programs for different age groups. The study consists of an epidemiological cross-sectional study and a randomized controlled intervention study. The study population consisted of all the 1689 home-dwelling women born during 1924-1927 residing in Oulu, Northern Finland, who were asked to a screening visit including bone mineral density (BMD) measurement of the distal radius in 1997. 1222 women attended the clinic and were afterwards mailed a postal questionnaire focusing on lifelong risk factors for osteoporosis, e.g. the amount of physical activity at work and during leisure time, daily intake of calcium and use of alcohol and cigarettes. Those with BMD value more than 20% lower than the reference value, underwent a densitometry of the hip. All women with femoral neck BMD more than 20% below the reference value (n=160) were randomly selected to either exercise (n=84) or control (n=76) group. At baseline and after that annually during the 30-month intervention, balance, muscle strength, aerobic capacity, walking speed, cognitive functions and mood are measured from all the participants. Hip BMD will be measured annually. The exercise group participates in a supervised training program with weekly sessions from the beginning of October to the end of April. In addition to the supervised sessions the participants train daily at home. From April to October the exercises are performed purely at home. The training regimen consists of balance, strength and impact exercises. The intervention group keeps diary of their daily physical activity. The number and severity of falls are recorded from both the groups. The purpose of the study is: 1. to identify factors accounting for low BMD in elderly home-dwelling women with severe osteopenia. 2. to evaluate how supervised regular weight-bearing exercise program affects BMD in elderly home-dwelling women with severe osteopenia 3. to evaluate how supervised regular balance and muscle training affects balance and muscle strength in elderly home-dwelling women with severe osteopenia. In addition the aim is to: 4. study how regular supervised exercise affects the incidence and severity of falls, mood and cognitive functions in women with severe osteopenia. Hypothesis and research methods The main hypothesis is that long-term supervised, mainly home- based regular impact-type and balance and muscle exercises can improve balance and muscle strength of lower extremities and maintain bone mass in elderly women. We also hypothesize that the incidence of falls is lower in the exercise group than in the controls and that the falls are more injurious in the control group than in the intervention group during the follow-up period
Osteoporosis has been established as a major public health problem, primarily effecting women. The attainment of maximal peak bone mass is crucial in the prevention of osteoporosis, yet little is known about the specifics of bone accrual. Physical activity has been identified as an important modifiable factor controlling bone accrual. It is has been shown that increased activity during peri-pubertal years increase bone mineral content during adulthood. Thus, strategies designed to increase peak bone mass should target the peri-pubertal years of critical bone acquisition. Hypothesis 1a: The amount of bone mineral accrued during the peri-pubertal years is greater in girls who engage in impact activity than in those who do not. Hypothesis 1b: The positive effects of impact activity on bone accrual are maintained after cessation of the activity, resulting in greater bone mineral density in girls who participate in impact activity during a portion of the peri-pubertal years than in those who never participated in impact activity.