View clinical trials related to Blood Stream Infections.
Filter by:The goal of this clinical trial is to propose a seamless intervention linking rapid bacterial isolate identification and antibiotic resistance gene detection and targeted antibiotic prescription to minimise time between infection onset and appropriate treatment in patients with Pseudomonas aeruginosa or carbapenemase producing Enterobacterales infections. This is an investigator initiated trial. The primary hypothesis is that these interventions will lead to improved clinical outcomes amongst patients with hospital-acquired bloodstream infection, hospital-acquired pneumonia or ventilator-associated pneumonia due to carbapenem non-susceptible Pseudomonas aeruginosa or Enterobacterales, compared to standard antibiotic susceptibility testing. Patients will be randomised to either a control or intervention arm. Patients randomised to the intervention arm will have relevant specimens analysed by rapid microbiological diagnostics and will have early availability of ceftazidime-avibactam if appropriate. Patients randomised to the control arm, will have samples analysed by clinical microbiology laboratories using standard of care diagnostics. Antibiotics will be available to these patients as per usual institutional practice.
With this study the researchers aim to provide observational data on the treatment efficacy of currently used antibiotic treatment regimens for NTS BSI in hospital-admitted children. The study is an observational cohort study where the antibiotic treatments used and treatment outcomes in the St. Luc general referral hospital in Kisantu health zone (Province Kongo Central, DR Congo) will be described.
The current study is a pilot study to assess the feasibility of a superordinate project. The final objective of this superordinate project is to describe and model the pharmacokinetic behaviour of a small number of standard antimicrobials used in the treatment of frequent blood stream infections, and to link this via pharmacodynamic models to (inhibition of) bacterial or fungal growth as well as to clinical outcomes in patients.
The IDIS study aims to develop a new rapid diagnostic test for invasive salmonellosis using samples (blood, urine) collected from patients with fever and healthy controls at the Institute of Tropical Medicine (ITM) and collaborating centers. The samples are collected after informed consent and/or assent is given by the participant and are stored in a -80 ⁰C freezer after processing (centrifugation and/or aliquoting). Basic information regarding the patient and the samples are coded and stored in a protected Microsoft Access database. The samples will be shipped to Belgium for proteomic analysis. Identification of Salmonella specific proteins in the samples will hopefully support the development of a rapid diagnostic test. Once this test has been developed, the samples will also be used for validation and evaluation of this test.
Background: Researchers are testing a new way to find out what causes infections in people in hospitals. Current techniques use chemical or biological tests on a person s samples. Samples are blood, tissue, stool, saliva, urine, etc. Researchers are testing new techniques that use a device called MiSeq. It can sequence all of the DNA (genetic material) in a sample. This may show microorganisms, such as bacteria, fungi, and viruses that cause infection. Researchers want to know if the new test works as well or better than current tests. They will do this by looking at about 250 samples. Objective: To test if MiSeq works as well as or better than current tests to identify microorganisms that cause infection. Eligibility: NIH patients whose samples have been sent to the Microbiology Service s lab for routine microbiologic testing. Design: Participants will consent to have samples they gave as part of their routine medical care used in the study. For those under age 18, a parent or legal guardian will consent.
1. Drug resistance of G+ cocci is a severe healthcare problem. According to the Ministry of Health National Antimicrobial Resistant Investigation Net (mohnarin) surveillance report, the isolation rate of MRSA is some 60% in China. MRSA infection has become a serious clinical problem; 2. Vancomycin is a bactericidal glycopeptide antibiotic which inhibits bacterial growth by hindering the synthesis of cell wall in bacteria. It exerts strong antibiotic effect to Gram+ bacteria. It is indicated for serious staphylococcus infections especially MRSA infection and has become the gold standard agent in MRSA treatment; 3. Vancomycin is a time-dependent antibiotic, its clinical and microbiological efficacy is related to area under curve（ AUC）/minimum inhibitory concentration （MIC ）(AUIC). Cmin at steady state is an surrogate parameter of AUIC, which is closely associated to the efficacy; 4. AUIC >400 and Cmin between 15~20 mg/L are recommended for effective vancomycin treatment by Infectious Diseases Society of America （IDSA） although it is still disputable; 5. Due to the absence of PK/PD study on vancomycin in China, administration of vancomycin is performed in reference to the recommendation of IDSA. Its suitability to Chinese patients is still to be clarified; 6. Plasma concentrations of vancomycin vary significantly between population and individuals. Factors such as large-volume fluid infusion, hypoproteinemia and renal clearance, etc. will influence the distribution and excretion of vancomycin, resulting in different plasma concentrations between individuals. Results of PK studies differ greatly between China and abroad. Administration based on the AUIC or Cmin recommended by IDSA would not be suitable to Chinese patients. Given the definite long-term benefit of vancomycin treatment, the AUIC or Cmin suitable to Chinese patients must be identified by clinical study. 7. The PK/PD study on vancomycin in the treatment to MRSA septicemia and endocarditis is of great significance for more reasonable use and improved therapeutic efficacy of MRSA infection.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the clinical practice of the prophylactic use of ethanol locks for the prevention of catheter related blood stream infections in pediatric intestinal rehabilitation program patients requiring total parenteral nutrition.
The purpose of this study is to implement strategies for improved efficiency and waste reduction ("Toyota Lean") and positive deviance, a social behavioral change process, utilizing frontline healthcare personnel to reduce infection bloodstream infection and MRSA infection in outpatient dialysis care. In two outpatient dialysis units, dialysis unit healthcare staff will be educated in Toyota lean techniques and conduct periodic "discovery and action" dialogues to identify and implement care process changes to reduce infection. Outcomes to be monitored will include incidence of bloodstream infections and MRSA infections of all types. Data will be assessed at quarterly intervals using interrupted time series analysis.
Susceptibility testing is commonly employed in patients with bacterial infections in order to guide rational use of antibiotics; however, the use of antifungal susceptibility testing is limited due to lack of availability, costs, and delays in receiving results. The goals of antifungal susceptibility testing should mirror those of antibacterial susceptibility testing: to predict clinical response or failure. Additionally, susceptibility reports should be used as a guide for physicians when transitioning patients from parenteral to oral antifungal agents. Currently, it is unknown whether antifungal susceptibility testing impacts treatment decisions in hospitals that routinely perform Candida susceptibility testing. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the changes in antifungal treatment based on in vitro susceptibility reports and how these decisions affect mortality, recurrence of infection, and length of hospital stay in candidemia patients.
The purpose of the study is to determine if the overall central venous catheter related infection rate can be reduced by the application of Polysporin Triple Therapy ointment to the insertion site.