View clinical trials related to Birth Weight.
Filter by:Compelling evidence exists that breast milk helps protect very premature infants from prematurity-specific morbidities. Unfortunately, mothers of premature infants often exhibit delayed lactogenesis stage II (when the milk "comes in") and decreased breast milk production. Several studies have linked earlier initiation of breast milk expression following delivery with a greater milk production. However, none conclusively determined the optimal timing of breast milk expression. As a result these mothers continue to struggle with inadequate breast milk production. This study will follow 180 mothers of premature infants for 6 weeks following delivery to test Earlier initiation of breast milk expression following delivery is associated with (1) an earlier lactogenesis stage II, (2) greater volume of breast milk production during the first 6 weeks, (3) improved short-term infant health outcomes and (4) women who deliver at an earlier gestation will have decreased milk production and a later lactogenesis stage II. Following stratification according to the gestational age of the infant (23-27 weeks vs. 28-32 weeks), eligible women will be randomly assigned to one of three groups and instructed to start mechanically expressing their r breasts, either in the first hour, 1-3 hours or 3-6 hours following delivery. The timing of lactogenesis stage II will be documented, and the volume of breast milk produced will continue to be measured for the first 6 weeks following delivery and at discharge. Infant nutritional outcomes will be measured throughout the 6-week study. The impact of the differences in timing of initiation of milk expression following delivery on timing of lactogenesis stage II, milk volume, short term nutritional outcomes, amount of breast milk feedings at discharge, and impact of gestational age on milk volume and lactogenesis stage II will be determined.
The purpose of this study is to investigate the pharmacokinetics of clarithromycin which is used for premature infants with ureaplasma.
Vermont Oxford Network maintains a database for live born infants 401 to 1500 grams or 22 to 29 weeks gestational age who are born at participating hospitals or admitted to them within 28 days of birth, regardless of where in the hospital the infant receives care.
Objective: Due to high mortality rates the capillary leakage and the acute abdomen are important risk factors of the probability of survival. The aim of an optimal therapy of the acute abdomen within the neonatal period is beside the cure of the underlying disease the prophylaxis of capillary leakage with the help of optimised intra- and postoperative volume therapy. Question: Do the neonates with very low birth weight and a surgery therapy of acute abdomen benefit from early increase of the haemoglobin/haematocrit by optimised volume therapy with crystalloid and colloidal volume as prophylaxis of the capillary leakage?
Introduction: Preterm infants with a birth weight less than 1500 grams have special nutritional needs in comparison to full-term neonates. During their stay in the neonatal intensive care unit an increased supply with energy, protein and electrolytes is necessary to establish adequate growth. After discharge from the hospital special breast milk supplements or post discharge formulas are available to cover the special nutrient requirements. Complementary feeding in preterm infants is an unexplored field so far and nutritional concepts for the first year of life are not available. Data concerning the optimal time for starting solid foods are missing as well as information concerning the ideal composition of complementary food. In this context it is essential to meet the special nutritional needs of "Ex-Preemies" on the one hand and avoid overfeeding and later obesity on the other hand. So far it remains unclear, what the "safe" time point for introduction of solid food to premature infants is and whether this time point influences growth, body composition, neurodevelopmental outcome or the incidence of atopic disease.
To evaluate the efficacy of prophylactic glycerin suppositories will accelerate the elimination of meconium from the large intestine and thus reduce the incidence of feeding intolerance in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants
Adequate growth during the neonatal period is critical for optimal long term outcomes. Despite maximal calorie intake, sixty percent of very low birth weight infants still fail to thrive suggesting that factors other than total calorie intake are important in ensuring consistent weight gain. Several reports have indicated a positive sodium balance is critical in ensuring good weight gain in very low birth weight infants, however these infants are susceptible to low serum sodium concentrations. Urine sodium values are sometimes used to diagnosis of hyponatremia or negative sodium balance after the first two weeks of life, but there is no evidence for this practice in preterm neonates. Our central hypothesis is that early supplementation with sodium will ensure positive sodium balance in very low birth weight infants and will result in optimal weight gain and enhanced long term outcomes. Secondarily we hypothesize that low sodium concentrations in the urine will not correlate with low serum sodium values.
This is a research study that will look at the effects of giving two nutritional supplements on extremely low birth infants (infants weighing less than 1000 grams or weighing less than approximately 2 lbs 3 1/2 ounces at birth). The nutritional supplements that will be studied are Culturelle for Kids/Culturelle Kids and Align. They are nutritional supplements that each contain a different probiotic. In this study the investigators will mainly be looking at the effect that these supplements may have on how well babies tolerate their feedings and how long they require supplemental intravenous fluids for nutritional support. The investigators will also, however, look at many other factors such as rate of growth, rates of infection, survival rate and the length of time the infant needs to be in the hospital. The investigators will also look at its effect on conditions/complications of prematurity such as bronchopulmonary dysplasia and chronic lung disease (chronic diseases of the lung associated with prematurity), necrotizing enterocolitis and intestinal perforations (serious diseases of the infant's intestines), retinopathy of prematurity (eye disease associated with prematurity), intracranial hemorrhage (bleeding into the brain) and patent ductus arteriosus (a blood vessel connecting two main blood vessels coming out of the heart that does not close spontaneously (by itself).
The purpose of this study is to determine if a new type of mechanical ventilation, or breathing machine (called neurally adjusted ventilatory assist or NAVA), will provide additional support to infants who were born prematurely. Investigators are looking to determine if in two hours infants who weighed less than 1500 grams or 3 pounds 5 ounces, will demonstrate a decrease in the amount of carbon dioxide (the gas that humans exhale) dissolved in their blood as compared to prior to starting the study. This will be accomplished by enrolling infants who are stable on their current type of mechanical breathing that provides a constant air flow into the infant. This type of mechanical support helps keep the lungs inflated but does not help remove carbon dioxide. This study will change the type of mechanical support to a type of support called neurally adjusted ventilatory assist or NAVA. This type of mechanical support detects when the infant is breathing in by having electrical sensors on a feeding tube that is placed into the stomach through the nose or mouth. These electrical sensors detect when the diaphragm or the muscle that helps humans breath is trying to take a breath in. When the NAVA ventilator senses the attempt to breath, it provides additional air flow to make the effort of breathing easier. The ventilator will be attached to a tube or cannula that is placed into the infant's nose. After two hours of being on the NAVA ventilator a repeat measure of carbon dioxide in the blood will be performed by taking a small amount of blood from the infant's heel.
The purpose of this study is to determine whether Nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) non synchronized is better than continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP)in preventing extubation failure within 72 h, after extubation of very low birth weight infants at the NEOCOSUR Network.