View clinical trials related to Birth Weight.
Filter by:In the U.S., rates of preterm birth and low birth weight have increased over the past 30 years. Poor birth outcomes are especially high among racial/ethnic minority populations. Maternal stress is an important factor that can lead to negative birth outcomes. Thus, programs that reduce stress during pregnancy could improve birth outcomes. Initial pilot work tested a mindfulness-based approach to stress reduction during pregnancy. Women in the pilot study had lower stress and improved coping after the program. For the current study, mindfulness is added to an existing prenatal healthcare program called CenteringPregnancy (CP). CP provides prenatal care through 10 group sessions. This study compares CP with a version of CP infused with mindfulness skills training. Effects of the two versions of CP on psychological stress and coping, stress hormones, and birth outcomes will be tested. Data will be collected from participants three times: twice during pregnancy and once after birth. Medical records will provide data on birth outcomes and other health factors. The study will provide initial information about a mind-body program to reduce stress and improve birth outcomes. Data from the study will inform the development of an R01 proposal for a larger study. The study will also help advance the long term goal of reducing health disparities.
Mortality and incidence of severe complications is still high among extremely premature infants. Common causes of severe complications in this population are poor nutrition, necrotizing enterocolitis, and severe infections. Feeding intolerance is also a common problem resulting in prolonged need for intravenous lines and poor nutrition. The aim of the study is to evaluate whether supplementation with the probiotic bacterium Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 daily to premature infants with extremely low birth weight increases feeding tolerance to breast milk and thereby improves nutrition, increases growth and reduces serious complications and mortality in this population. Beyond this, possible mechanisms underlying these effects will be analyzed in stool, breast milk and blood samples.
The Milk Trial seeks to determine the effect on neurodevelopmental outcomes at age 22-26 months of donor human milk as compared to preterm infant formula as the in-hospital diet for infants whose mothers choose not to provide breast milk or are able to provide only a minimal amount. Infants will be randomized to receive donor breast milk or formula during their hospital stay. Infant's will be followed until they reach 22-26 months of age.
Probiotics are favorable microorganisms that regulate the flora of the gastrointestinal system and stimulate the immune system. Lactobacillus reuteri was shown to reduce candida colonization. The objective of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of prophylactic Lactobacillus reuteri in reducing the candida colonization and infection in very low birth weight infants.
Probiotics are favorable microorganisms that regulate the flora of the gastrointestinal system and stimulate the immune system. Necrotizing enterocolitis incidence is 10-25% in newborn infants whose birth weights are < 1500 g. Although bifidobacterium and other lactobacilli spp. have been used to reduce the incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis in clinical trials, Lactobacillus reuteri has not been used in the prevention of necrotizing enterocolitis in very low birth weight infants yet. The objective of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of orally administered Lactobacillus reuteri in reducing the incidence and severity of necrotizing enterocolitis in very low birth weight infants.
The main aim of this prospective interventional study is to compare quantitative EEG findings and cognitive and neuropsychological test results before and after training with the Cogmed JM program in a group of very-low-birth-weight children in preschool age, i.e. ages 5-6 years. The investigators hypothesize that the children in the study may respond positively to the computerized training and improve working memory, but probably to different degrees depending on the underlying neurological condition. The investigators also hypothesize that training may benefit additional executive functions.
Gastrografin is a radiopaque contrast agent for the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) which can be applied orally or rectally. In neonatal intensive care, Gastrografin is used to detect otherwise radiologically invisible perforations or an insufficient GIT anastomosis after surgery. Furthermore it is used for the treatment of meconium ileus. Gastrografin has a strong osmotic effect and leads to water influx into the intestine lumen. Thereby the peristaltic movement is accelerated and the premature infant excretes stool during the hours following application. Therefore Gastrografin might be effective to mobilize meconium from small bowel and deep parts of the colon. The investigators hypothesized that enteral application of Gastrografin accelerates meconium evacuation in premature infants, and thereby enhances feeding tolerance in this population.
The purpose of the study is to test whether four lifestyle intervention programs (diet alone; diet and behavioral therapy, diet and exercise, diet and behavioral therapy and exercise), delivered to women with GDM during 24-26 weeks of gestational age will help women to improve their metabolic pattern, and decrease the incidence of adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes.
Delayed cord clamping (DCC, clamping after cessation of pulsations in the cord around 2-3 min after delivery) is effective in increasing (low birth weight) infant haemoglobin and iron status until six months after birth, without increasing the risk of polycythaemia or other adverse events. We hypothesize that this intervention will also benefit low birth weight infants in South Africa.
This study being conducted in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, to determine if a protein-calorie supplementation (PCS) and micronutrient supplement (MNS) will have an impact on health outcomes for HIV-infected pregnant women and their infants.