Inotuzumab Ozogamicin and Frontline Chemotherapy in Treating Young Adults With Newly Diagnosed B Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

B Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Clinical Trial

Official title:

A Phase III Trial to Evaluate the Efficacy of the Addition of Inotuzumab Ozogamicin (a Conjugated Anti-CD22 Monoclonal Antibody) to Frontline Therapy in Young Adults (Ages 18-39 Years) With Newly Diagnosed Precursor B-Cell ALL

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Suspended

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT03150693
• Other study ID #: A041501
• Secondary ID: NCI-2016-01981U1
• Status: Suspended
• Phase: Phase 3
• Start date: June 1, 2017
• Est. completion date: August 2025

Study information

• Verified date: May 2024
• Source: Alliance for Clinical Trials in Oncology
• Contact: n/a
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Study type: Interventional

Clinical Trial Summary

This partially randomized phase III trial studies the side effects of inotuzumab ozogamicin and how well it works when given with frontline chemotherapy in treating patients with newly diagnosed B acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Monoclonal antibodies, such as inotuzumab ozogamicin, may block cancer growth in different ways by targeting certain cells. Drugs used in chemotherapy work in different ways to stop the growth of tumor cells, either by killing the cells, by stopping them from dividing, or by stopping them from spreading. Giving inotuzumab ozogamicin with chemotherapy may work better in treating young adults with B acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Description:

PRIMARY OBJECTIVES:

I. To confirm tolerability of the combination regimen with the addition of inotuzumab ozogamicin to the pediatric-inspired regimen of cancer and leukemia group B (CALGB) 10403.

II. To determine whether the addition of inotuzumab ozogamicin significantly improves the event-free survival (EFS) in patients who achieve an induction response achieved with the pediatric-inspired regimen of CALGB 10403, without censoring for transplant. (Phase III)

SECONDARY OBJECTIVES:

I. To determine the impact of inotuzumab ozogamicin on disease-free (DFS) and overall survival (OS) in patients who achieve an induction response.

II. To determine whether the addition of inotuzumab ozogamicin significantly improves the event-free survival (EFS) in patients who achieve an induction response achieved with the pediatric-inspired regimen of CALGB 10403, with censoring for transplant.

III. To determine the impact of inotuzumab ozogamicin on minimal residual disease (MRD) and correlate this with the EFS, DFS and OS.

IV. To determine the prognosis based on patients' low-density array (LDA) gene signature in terms of EFS, DFS, and OS after treatment with or without inotuzumab ozogamicin when added to the C10403 backbone regimen.

V. To evaluate the toxicity and tolerability of the addition of inotuzumab ozogamicin to the pediatric-inspired regimen of CALGB 10403.

TERTIARY OBJECTIVES:

I. To assess both the correlation of MRD post-induction and at sequential timepoints with LDA signature.

II. To evaluate the influence of MRD status (detectable vs. not and as a continuous measure) in relation to EFS both in the univariate setting as well as adjusting for other clinical features including initial white blood cell (WBC), ethnicity, gender and age at diagnosis.

III. To evaluate the impact of inotuzumab ozogamicin (inotuzumab) on the kinetics of MRD during treatment with inotuzumab in patients randomized to the experimental treatment arm.

IV. To perform genomic analyses to identify and evaluate the incidence and clinical significance of recurring novel fusion genes including those associated with the BCR-ABL1-like signature and to correlate with MRD status, CR rate, EFS and OS.

V. To assess whether rs4958351 is correlated with L-asp allergic reaction in the adolescent and young adult (AYA) population.

VI. To assess the incidence of inherited genetic variants in the GR1A1, CEP72, CPA2, TPMT, NUDT15, GRIN3A, GRIK1, and other genes (which can be found using a whole genome association study [GWAS]), are correlated with increased rates of target toxicities including peripheral neuropathy, hepatotoxicity, pancreatitis, myelosuppression, neurotoxicity, thrombosis, and osteonecrosis, and correlate with treatment discontinuation and other clinical response parameters including complete response (CR) rate, EFS, and OS.

VII. To evaluate asparaginase pharmacokinetics in adolescents and young adults, and investigate its correlation with toxicities and treatment outcomes.

VIII. To investigate the effect of anti-polyethylene glycol (PEG) and anti-agouti signaling protein (ASP) antibodies (PEG-ASP) on ASP enzyme activity.

IX. To measure adherence to oral 6 mercaptopurine (MP) and methotrexate in AYAs with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and to examine sociodemographic and behavioral determinants of adherence.

X. To determine the impact of adherence on risk of relapse among AYAs with ALL.

OUTLINE:

COURSE I (REMISSION INDUCTION THERAPY): All patients receive allopurinol orally (PO) once daily until peripheral blasts and extramedullary disease are reduced and cytarabine intrathecally (IT) over 1 minute on day 1. Patients also receive daunorubicin hydrochloride intravenously (IV) and vincristine sulfate IV on days 1, 8, 15 and 22, dexamethasone PO or IV twice daily (BID) on days 1-7 and 15-21, pegylated L-aspiraginase IV on day 4, 5, or 6, and methotrexate IT over 1 minute on days 8 and 29. Patients with central nervous system (CNS) 3 disease receive methotrexate IT over 1 minute also on days 15 and 22. All patients then undergo bone marrow aspirate and biopsy on day 29.

Patients with response to remission induction therapy are randomized to 1 of 2 arms. Patients with no response are omitted from the study.

ARM I:

COURSE II (REMISSION CONSOLIDATION CHEMOTHERAPY): Patients receive cyclophosphamide IV on days 1 and 29, cytarabine IV or SC on days 1-4, 8-11, 29-32, and 36-39, mercaptopurine PO on days 1-14 and 29-42, and vincristine sulfate IV on days 15, 22, 43, and 50. Patients also receive pegylated L-aspiraginase IV on days 15 and 43, and methotrexate IT on days 1, 8, 15, and 22. Patients with CNS3 receive methotrexate IT only on days 1 and 8. CD20 positive (+) patients receive rituximab IV on days 1, 8, 29, and 36. Patients then undergo bone marrow aspirate and biopsy on day 56.

COURSE III (INTERIM MAINTENANCE CHEMOTHERAPY): Patients receive vincristine sulfate IV on days 1, 11, 21, 31, and 41, methotrexate IV and IT on days 1, 11, 21, 31, and 41, and pegylated L-aspiraginase IV on days 2 and 22. CD20+ patients receive rituximab IV on days 1 and 11.

COURSE IV (DELAYED INTENSIFICATION): Patients receive vincristine sulfate IV on days 1, 8, 15, 43, and 50, dexamethasone PO or IV BID on days 1-7 and 15-21, doxorubicin IV on days 1, 8, and 15, and pegylated L-aspiraginase IV on day 4, 5, or 6 and day 43. Patients also receive cyclophosphamide IV on day 29, cytarabine IV or SC on days 29-32 and 36-39, thioguanine PO on days 29-42 and methotrexate IT on days 1, 29, and 36. CD20+ patients receive rituximab IV on days 1 and 8. Patients then undergo bone marrow aspirate and biopsy on day 50.

COURSE V (MAINTENANCE THERAPY): Patients receive vincristine sulfate IV on days 1, 29, and 57, dexamethasone PO or IV BID on days 1-5, 29-33, and 57-61, and mercaptopurine PO on days 1-84. Patients also receive methotrexate IT or PO on days 8, 15, 22, 29, 36, 43, 50, 57, 64, 71, and 78. Treatment repeats every 12 weeks for up to 3 years in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.

ARM II: Patients receive inotuzumab ozogamicin IV on days 1, 8, and 15 and undergo bone marrow aspirate and biopsy on day 28. Treatment repeats every 28 days for up to 2 courses in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients also receive remission consolidated chemotherapy, interim maintenance chemotherapy, delayed intensification, and maintenance therapy as in Arm I.

After completion of study treatment, patients are followed up every month for the first year, every 2 months for the second year, every 3 months for the third year, and every 6 months for the fourth through tenth year.

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Suspended
• Enrollment: 310
• Est. completion date: August 2025
• Est. primary completion date: March 2025
• Accepts healthy volunteers: No
• Gender: All
• Age group: 18 Years to 39 Years

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

REGISTRATION ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA (STEP 1)

• Newly diagnosed patients with CD-22 positive B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (WHO criteria) are eligible. Patients with Burkitt type ALL are NOT eligible

• Patients who have BCR-ABL fusion transcript determined by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) or real time-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) or t(9;22)(q34;q11) by cytogenetics are not eligible and should be considered for enrollment on studies that incorporate imatinib during induction; please note: flow cytometry is to be performed at the local reference lab and must include assessment of CD20 and CD22 positivity, as well as CD29 and CD22 anti-positivity

• No prior therapy except for limited treatment (< 7 days) with corticosteroids or hydroxyurea and a single dose of intrathecal cytarabine

• No prior therapy for acute leukemia except emergency therapy (corticosteroids or hydroxyurea) for blast cell crisis, superior vena cava syndrome, or renal failure due to leukemic infiltration of the kidneys; when indicated, leukapheresis or exchange transfusion is recommended to reduce the WBC

• Single-dose intrathecal cytarabine is allowed prior to registration or prior to initiation of systematic therapy for patient convenience; systemic chemotherapy must begin within 72 hours of this intrathecal therapy

• Patients receiving prior steroid therapy are eligible for study; the dose and duration of previous steroid therapy should be carefully documented on case report forms

• Not pregnant and not nursing; for women of childbearing potential only, a negative urine or serum pregnancy test done =< 7 days prior to registration is required

• Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status 0-2

• Patients with down syndrome are excluded from this study

• Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) =< 3 x upper limit of normal (ULN), unless suspected leukemic involvement of the liver

• Direct bilirubin =< 3 x upper limit of normal (ULN), unless suspected leukemic involvement of the liver

• Calculated (calc.) creatinine clearance >= 50 mL/min by Cockcroft-Gault

RANDOMIZATION ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA (STEP 2)

• Completion of remission induction therapy

• Patients with M2 marrow or better are eligible; patients with M3 or M4 marrow (greater than 25% lymphoblasts) will not be eligible to be randomized

• Rating: M0, M1; Blast Cells (%): 0-5.0

• Rating: M2; Blast Cells (%): 5.1-25.0

• Rating: M3; Blast Cells (%): > 25-50

• Rating: M4; Blast Cells (%): > 50.0

• The term "blast cell" includes any cell that cannot be classified as a more mature normal element, and includes "leukemic cells," pathologic lymphocytes, and stem cells

• No ascites, effusions or significant edema

• Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) >= 1,000/mm^3

• Platelet count >= 100,000/mm^3

• Total bilirubin =< 1.5 x upper limit of normal (ULN), except for patients with known Gilbert's syndrome

• Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) =< 8 x upper limit of normal (ULN)

• Completion of first 12 weeks (12+ weeks) of maintenance therapy (Course V)

• Patient has at least 24 weeks (24+ weeks) remaining before end of maintenance therapy (Course V)

• Patient is in complete continuous first remission at entry into A041501-HO1

• Patient is receiving oral anti-metabolite chemotherapy during the maintenance phase of therapy; treatment plan must call for the following doses of antimetabolites: 6MP 75 mg/m2/day orally; methotrexate (MTX) 20 mg/m2/week orally (modification of 6 MP or MTX dosing based on laboratory or clinical parameters is acceptable)

• Patient is able and willing to use the Medication Event Monitoring System (MEMS) TrackCap (e.g. not using a pillbox)

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• B Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
• Leukemia
• Leukemia, Lymphoid
• Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma

Intervention

Drug:
• Allopurinol
Given PO
• Cytarabine
Given IT, IV, SC
• Daunorubicin Hydrochloride
Given IV
• Vincristine Sulfate
Given IV
• Dexamethasone
Given PO or IV
• Pegylated L-Asparaginase
Given IV
• Methotrexate
Given IT, IV, PO

Procedure:
• Bone Marrow Aspiration and Biopsy
Undergo bone marrow aspiration and biopsy

Drug:
• Cyclophosphamide
Given IV
• Mercaptopurine
Given PO

Biological:
• Rituximab
Given IV

Drug:
• Doxorubicin
Given IV
• Thioguanine
Given PO

Biological:
• Inotuzumab Ozogamicin
Given IV

Other:
• Laboratory Biomarker Analysis
Correlative studies

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
Canada	Tom Baker Cancer Centre	Calgary	Alberta
Canada	QEII Health Sciences Centre/Nova Scotia Health Authority	Halifax	Nova Scotia
Canada	Jewish General Hospital	Montreal	Quebec
Canada	Ottawa Hospital and Cancer Center-General Campus	Ottawa	Ontario
Canada	CancerCare Manitoba	Winnipeg	Manitoba
United States	Hawaii Cancer Care - Westridge	'Aiea	Hawaii
United States	Pali Momi Medical Center	'Aiea	Hawaii
United States	Queen's Cancer Center - Pearlridge	'Aiea	Hawaii
United States	The Cancer Center of Hawaii-Pali Momi	'Aiea	Hawaii
United States	Providence Regional Cancer System-Aberdeen	Aberdeen	Washington
United States	Riverwood Healthcare Center	Aitkin	Minnesota
United States	University of New Mexico Cancer Center	Albuquerque	New Mexico
United States	Lehigh Valley Hospital-Cedar Crest	Allentown	Pennsylvania
United States	Saint Anthony's Health	Alton	Illinois
United States	American Fork Hospital / Huntsman Intermountain Cancer Center	American Fork	Utah
United States	Community Hospital of Anaconda	Anaconda	Montana
United States	Alaska Breast Care and Surgery LLC	Anchorage	Alaska
United States	Alaska Oncology and Hematology LLC	Anchorage	Alaska
United States	Alaska Women's Cancer Care	Anchorage	Alaska
United States	Anchorage Associates in Radiation Medicine	Anchorage	Alaska
United States	Anchorage Oncology Centre	Anchorage	Alaska
United States	Anchorage Radiation Therapy Center	Anchorage	Alaska
United States	Katmai Oncology Group	Anchorage	Alaska
United States	Providence Alaska Medical Center	Anchorage	Alaska
United States	Trinity Health Saint Joseph Mercy Hospital Ann Arbor	Ann Arbor	Michigan
United States	Kaiser Permanente-Deer Valley Medical Center	Antioch	California
United States	PCR Oncology	Arroyo Grande	California
United States	Duluth Clinic Ashland	Ashland	Wisconsin
United States	Northwest Wisconsin Cancer Center	Ashland	Wisconsin
United States	Emory University Hospital/Winship Cancer Institute	Atlanta	Georgia
United States	Augusta University Medical Center	Augusta	Georgia
United States	Rocky Mountain Cancer Centers-Aurora	Aurora	Colorado
United States	The Medical Center of Aurora	Aurora	Colorado
United States	Saint Alphonsus Medical Center-Baker City	Baker City	Oregon
United States	Saint Louis Cancer and Breast Institute-Ballwin	Ballwin	Missouri
United States	University of Maryland/Greenebaum Cancer Center	Baltimore	Maryland
United States	Medical Center of Baton Rouge	Baton Rouge	Louisiana
United States	Ochsner Health Center-Summa	Baton Rouge	Louisiana
United States	Ochsner High Grove	Baton Rouge	Louisiana
United States	Bronson Battle Creek	Battle Creek	Michigan
United States	Overlake Medical Center	Bellevue	Washington
United States	PeaceHealth Saint Joseph Medical Center	Bellingham	Washington
United States	Saint Charles Health System	Bend	Oregon
United States	Lehigh Valley Hospital - Muhlenberg	Bethlehem	Pennsylvania
United States	Billings Clinic Cancer Center	Billings	Montana
United States	Saint Vincent Frontier Cancer Center	Billings	Montana
United States	Saint Vincent Healthcare	Billings	Montana
United States	University of Alabama at Birmingham Cancer Center	Birmingham	Alabama
United States	Prisma Health Cancer Institute - Spartanburg	Boiling Springs	South Carolina
United States	Saint Alphonsus Cancer Care Center-Boise	Boise	Idaho
United States	Saint Luke's Cancer Institute - Boise	Boise	Idaho
United States	Central Care Cancer Center - Bolivar	Bolivar	Missouri
United States	Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center	Boston	Massachusetts
United States	Dana-Farber Cancer Institute	Boston	Massachusetts
United States	Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center	Boston	Massachusetts
United States	Boulder Community Foothills Hospital	Boulder	Colorado
United States	Boulder Community Hospital	Boulder	Colorado
United States	Rocky Mountain Cancer Centers-Boulder	Boulder	Colorado
United States	Bozeman Health Deaconess Hospital	Bozeman	Montana
United States	Essentia Health Saint Joseph's Medical Center	Brainerd	Minnesota
United States	Cox Cancer Center Branson	Branson	Missouri
United States	Trinity Health IHA Medical Group Hematology Oncology - Brighton	Brighton	Michigan
United States	Trinity Health Medical Center - Brighton	Brighton	Michigan
United States	Roswell Park Cancer Institute	Buffalo	New York
United States	Providence Saint Joseph Medical Center/Disney Family Cancer Center	Burbank	California
United States	Fairview Ridges Hospital	Burnsville	Minnesota
United States	Minnesota Oncology - Burnsville	Burnsville	Minnesota
United States	Loyola Center for Health at Burr Ridge	Burr Ridge	Illinois
United States	Saint James Community Hospital and Cancer Treatment Center	Butte	Montana
United States	Saint Alphonsus Cancer Care Center-Caldwell	Caldwell	Idaho
United States	Cambridge Medical Center	Cambridge	Minnesota
United States	Trinity Health IHA Medical Group Hematology Oncology - Canton	Canton	Michigan
United States	Trinity Health Medical Center - Canton	Canton	Michigan
United States	Caro Cancer Center	Caro	Michigan
United States	Saint Anthony Regional Hospital	Carroll	Iowa
United States	Carson Tahoe Regional Medical Center	Carson City	Nevada
United States	Sandra L Maxwell Cancer Center	Cedar City	Utah
United States	Rocky Mountain Cancer Centers - Centennial	Centennial	Colorado
United States	Providence Regional Cancer System-Centralia	Centralia	Washington
United States	UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center	Chapel Hill	North Carolina
United States	Saint Joseph Mercy Chelsea	Chelsea	Michigan
United States	Trinity Health IHA Medical Group Hematology Oncology - Chelsea Hospital	Chelsea	Michigan
United States	Cheyenne Regional Medical Center-West	Cheyenne	Wyoming
United States	Northwestern University	Chicago	Illinois
United States	Rush University Medical Center	Chicago	Illinois
United States	University of Chicago Comprehensive Cancer Center	Chicago	Illinois
United States	University of Illinois	Chicago	Illinois
United States	University of Cincinnati Cancer Center-UC Medical Center	Cincinnati	Ohio
United States	Clackamas Radiation Oncology Center	Clackamas	Oregon
United States	Providence Cancer Institute Clackamas Clinic	Clackamas	Oregon
United States	Hematology Oncology Consultants-Clarkston	Clarkston	Michigan
United States	Newland Medical Associates-Clarkston	Clarkston	Michigan
United States	Case Western Reserve University	Cleveland	Ohio
United States	Cleveland Clinic Foundation	Cleveland	Ohio
United States	Prisma Health Cancer Institute - Laurens	Clinton	South Carolina
United States	Community Cancer Institute	Clovis	California
United States	University Oncology Associates	Clovis	California
United States	Billings Clinic-Cody	Cody	Wyoming
United States	Kootenai Health - Coeur d'Alene	Coeur d'Alene	Idaho
United States	Prisma Health Richland Hospital	Columbia	South Carolina
United States	Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center	Columbus	Ohio
United States	Mercy Hospital	Coon Rapids	Minnesota
United States	Bay Area Hospital	Coos Bay	Oregon
United States	UC Irvine Health Cancer Center-Newport	Costa Mesa	California
United States	Siteman Cancer Center at West County Hospital	Creve Coeur	Missouri
United States	Essentia Health - Deer River Clinic	Deer River	Minnesota
United States	Cancer Center of Colorado at Sloan's Lake	Denver	Colorado
United States	Colorado Blood Cancer Institute	Denver	Colorado
United States	National Jewish Health-Main Campus	Denver	Colorado
United States	Presbyterian - Saint Lukes Medical Center - Health One	Denver	Colorado
United States	Rocky Mountain Cancer Centers-Midtown	Denver	Colorado
United States	Rocky Mountain Cancer Centers-Rose	Denver	Colorado
United States	Rose Medical Center	Denver	Colorado
United States	SCL Health Saint Joseph Hospital	Denver	Colorado
United States	The Women's Imaging Center	Denver	Colorado
United States	Western Surgical Care	Denver	Colorado
United States	Blank Children's Hospital	Des Moines	Iowa
United States	Broadlawns Medical Center	Des Moines	Iowa
United States	Iowa Lutheran Hospital	Des Moines	Iowa
United States	Iowa Methodist Medical Center	Des Moines	Iowa
United States	Mission Cancer and Blood - Des Moines	Des Moines	Iowa
United States	Ascension Saint John Hospital	Detroit	Michigan
United States	Wayne State University/Karmanos Cancer Institute	Detroit	Michigan
United States	Essentia Health Saint Mary's - Detroit Lakes Clinic	Detroit Lakes	Minnesota
United States	Kaiser Permanente Dublin	Dublin	California
United States	Essentia Health Cancer Center	Duluth	Minnesota
United States	Essentia Health Saint Mary's Medical Center	Duluth	Minnesota
United States	Miller-Dwan Hospital	Duluth	Minnesota
United States	Duke University Medical Center	Durham	North Carolina
United States	Prisma Health Cancer Institute - Easley	Easley	South Carolina
United States	Great Lakes Cancer Management Specialists-Doctors Park	East China Township	Michigan
United States	Pocono Medical Center	East Stroudsburg	Pennsylvania
United States	Fairview Southdale Hospital	Edina	Minnesota
United States	Swedish Cancer Institute-Edmonds	Edmonds	Washington
United States	Walter Knox Memorial Hospital	Emmett	Idaho
United States	Mountain Blue Cancer Care Center - Swedish	Englewood	Colorado
United States	Rocky Mountain Cancer Centers - Swedish	Englewood	Colorado
United States	Swedish Medical Center	Englewood	Colorado
United States	The Melanoma and Skin Cancer Institute	Englewood	Colorado
United States	NorthShore University HealthSystem-Evanston Hospital	Evanston	Illinois
United States	Providence Regional Cancer Partnership	Everett	Washington
United States	Fairbanks Memorial Hospital	Fairbanks	Alaska
United States	Inova Schar Cancer Institute	Fairfax	Virginia
United States	Inova Fairfax Hospital	Falls Church	Virginia
United States	Essentia Health Cancer Center-South University Clinic	Fargo	North Dakota
United States	Weisberg Cancer Treatment Center	Farmington Hills	Michigan
United States	Lake Region Healthcare Corporation-Cancer Care	Fergus Falls	Minnesota
United States	Genesee Cancer and Blood Disease Treatment Center	Flint	Michigan
United States	Genesee Hematology Oncology PC	Flint	Michigan
United States	Genesys Hurley Cancer Institute	Flint	Michigan
United States	Hurley Medical Center	Flint	Michigan
United States	Trinity Regional Medical Center	Fort Dodge	Iowa
United States	Holy Cross Hospital	Fort Lauderdale	Florida
United States	Mercy Hospital Fort Smith	Fort Smith	Arkansas
United States	Essentia Health - Fosston	Fosston	Minnesota
United States	Kaiser Permanente-Fremont	Fremont	California
United States	Fresno Cancer Center	Fresno	California
United States	Kaiser Permanente-Fresno	Fresno	California
United States	Unity Hospital	Fridley	Minnesota
United States	Saint Luke's Cancer Institute - Fruitland	Fruitland	Idaho
United States	Central Care Cancer Center - Garden City	Garden City	Kansas
United States	NorthShore University HealthSystem-Glenbrook Hospital	Glenview	Illinois
United States	National Jewish Health-Western Hematology Oncology	Golden	Colorado
United States	Saint Mary's Hospital and Regional Medical Center	Grand Junction	Colorado
United States	Corewell Health Grand Rapids Hospitals - Butterworth Hospital	Grand Rapids	Michigan
United States	Corewell Health Grand Rapids Hospitals - Helen DeVos Children's Hospital	Grand Rapids	Michigan
United States	Trinity Health Grand Rapids Hospital	Grand Rapids	Michigan
United States	Central Care Cancer Center - Great Bend	Great Bend	Kansas
United States	Benefis Sletten Cancer Institute	Great Falls	Montana
United States	Great Falls Clinic	Great Falls	Montana
United States	Banner North Colorado Medical Center	Greeley	Colorado
United States	BI-LO Charities Children's Cancer Center	Greenville	South Carolina
United States	East Carolina University	Greenville	North Carolina
United States	Prisma Health Cancer Institute - Butternut	Greenville	South Carolina
United States	Prisma Health Cancer Institute - Eastside	Greenville	South Carolina
United States	Prisma Health Cancer Institute - Faris	Greenville	South Carolina
United States	Prisma Health Greenville Memorial Hospital	Greenville	South Carolina
United States	Saint Francis Cancer Center	Greenville	South Carolina
United States	Saint Francis Hospital	Greenville	South Carolina
United States	Prisma Health Cancer Institute - Greer	Greer	South Carolina
United States	Academic Hematology Oncology Specialists	Grosse Pointe Woods	Michigan
United States	Great Lakes Cancer Management Specialists-Van Elslander Cancer Center	Grosse Pointe Woods	Michigan
United States	Michigan Breast Specialists-Grosse Pointe Woods	Grosse Pointe Woods	Michigan
United States	Smilow Cancer Hospital Care Center at Saint Francis	Hartford	Connecticut
United States	Essentia Health-Hayward Clinic	Hayward	Wisconsin
United States	Lehigh Valley Hospital-Hazleton	Hazleton	Pennsylvania
United States	Cancer and Blood Specialists-Henderson	Henderson	Nevada
United States	Comprehensive Cancer Centers of Nevada - Henderson	Henderson	Nevada
United States	Comprehensive Cancer Centers of Nevada-Horizon Ridge	Henderson	Nevada
United States	Comprehensive Cancer Centers of Nevada-Southeast Henderson	Henderson	Nevada
United States	GenesisCare USA - Henderson	Henderson	Nevada
United States	Las Vegas Cancer Center-Henderson	Henderson	Nevada
United States	Las Vegas Urology - Green Valley	Henderson	Nevada
United States	Las Vegas Urology - Pebble	Henderson	Nevada
United States	OptumCare Cancer Care at Seven Hills	Henderson	Nevada
United States	Urology Specialists of Nevada - Green Valley	Henderson	Nevada
United States	Essentia Health Hibbing Clinic	Hibbing	Minnesota
United States	NorthShore University HealthSystem-Highland Park Hospital	Highland Park	Illinois
United States	Island Urology-Hilo	Hilo	Hawaii
United States	Memorial Regional Hospital/Joe DiMaggio Children's Hospital	Hollywood	Florida
United States	Loyola Medicine Homer Glen	Homer Glen	Illinois
United States	Hawaii Cancer Care Inc - Waterfront Plaza	Honolulu	Hawaii
United States	Hawaii Cancer Care Inc-Liliha	Honolulu	Hawaii
United States	Island Urology	Honolulu	Hawaii
United States	Kaiser Permanente Moanalua Medical Center	Honolulu	Hawaii
United States	Kapiolani Medical Center for Women and Children	Honolulu	Hawaii
United States	Kuakini Medical Center	Honolulu	Hawaii
United States	Queen's Cancer Cenrer - POB I	Honolulu	Hawaii
United States	Queen's Cancer Center - Kuakini	Honolulu	Hawaii
United States	Queen's Medical Center	Honolulu	Hawaii
United States	Straub Clinic and Hospital	Honolulu	Hawaii
United States	The Cancer Center of Hawaii-Liliha	Honolulu	Hawaii
United States	University of Hawaii Cancer Center	Honolulu	Hawaii
United States	Houston Methodist Hospital	Houston	Texas
United States	University of Iowa/Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center	Iowa City	Iowa
United States	Swedish Cancer Institute-Issaquah	Issaquah	Washington
United States	Essentia Health - Jamestown Clinic	Jamestown	North Dakota
United States	Freeman Health System	Joplin	Missouri
United States	Mercy Hospital Joplin	Joplin	Missouri
United States	Ascension Borgess Cancer Center	Kalamazoo	Michigan
United States	Borgess Medical Center	Kalamazoo	Michigan
United States	Bronson Methodist Hospital	Kalamazoo	Michigan
United States	West Michigan Cancer Center	Kalamazoo	Michigan
United States	Kalispell Regional Medical Center	Kalispell	Montana
United States	University of Kansas Cancer Center	Kansas City	Kansas
United States	Kadlec Clinic Hematology and Oncology	Kennewick	Washington
United States	Kingman Regional Medical Center	Kingman	Arizona
United States	Providence Regional Cancer System-Lacey	Lacey	Washington
United States	Good Samaritan Medical Center	Lafayette	Colorado
United States	Northwestern Medicine Lake Forest Hospital	Lake Forest	Illinois
United States	Northwell Health/Center for Advanced Medicine	Lake Success	New York
United States	Rocky Mountain Cancer Centers-Lakewood	Lakewood	Colorado
United States	University of Michigan Health - Sparrow Lansing	Lansing	Michigan
United States	Alliance for Childhood Diseases/Cure 4 the Kids Foundation	Las Vegas	Nevada
United States	Ann M Wierman MD LTD	Las Vegas	Nevada
United States	Comprehensive Cancer Centers of Nevada	Las Vegas	Nevada
United States	Comprehensive Cancer Centers of Nevada - Central Valley	Las Vegas	Nevada
United States	Comprehensive Cancer Centers of Nevada - Northwest	Las Vegas	Nevada
United States	Comprehensive Cancer Centers of Nevada - Town Center	Las Vegas	Nevada
United States	Comprehensive Cancer Centers of Nevada-Summerlin	Las Vegas	Nevada
United States	Desert West Surgery	Las Vegas	Nevada
United States	GenesisCare USA - Fort Apache	Las Vegas	Nevada
United States	GenesisCare USA - Las Vegas	Las Vegas	Nevada
United States	GenesisCare USA - Vegas Tenaya	Las Vegas	Nevada
United States	Hope Cancer Care of Nevada	Las Vegas	Nevada
United States	Las Vegas Cancer Center-Medical Center	Las Vegas	Nevada
United States	Las Vegas Prostate Cancer Center	Las Vegas	Nevada
United States	Las Vegas Urology - Cathedral Rock	Las Vegas	Nevada
United States	Las Vegas Urology - Pecos	Las Vegas	Nevada
United States	Las Vegas Urology - Smoke Ranch	Las Vegas	Nevada
United States	Las Vegas Urology - Sunset	Las Vegas	Nevada
United States	OptumCare Cancer Care at Charleston	Las Vegas	Nevada
United States	OptumCare Cancer Care at Fort Apache	Las Vegas	Nevada
United States	OptumCare Cancer Care at MountainView	Las Vegas	Nevada
United States	Radiation Oncology Centers of Nevada Central	Las Vegas	Nevada
United States	Radiation Oncology Centers of Nevada Southeast	Las Vegas	Nevada
United States	Summerlin Hospital Medical Center	Las Vegas	Nevada
United States	Sunrise Hospital and Medical Center	Las Vegas	Nevada
United States	University Cancer Center	Las Vegas	Nevada
United States	University Medical Center of Southern Nevada	Las Vegas	Nevada
United States	Urology Specialists of Nevada - Central	Las Vegas	Nevada
United States	Urology Specialists of Nevada - Northwest	Las Vegas	Nevada
United States	Urology Specialists of Nevada - Southwest	Las Vegas	Nevada
United States	Lawrence Memorial Hospital	Lawrence	Kansas
United States	University of Kentucky/Markey Cancer Center	Lexington	Kentucky
United States	Wilcox Memorial Hospital and Kauai Medical Clinic	Lihue	Hawaii
United States	Rush Cancer Care in Lisle	Lisle	Illinois
United States	Rocky Mountain Cancer Centers-Littleton	Littleton	Colorado
United States	Hope Cancer Clinic	Livonia	Michigan
United States	Trinity Health Saint Mary Mercy Livonia Hospital	Livonia	Michigan
United States	Logan Regional Hospital	Logan	Utah
United States	Rocky Mountain Cancer Centers-Sky Ridge	Lone Tree	Colorado
United States	Sky Ridge Medical Center	Lone Tree	Colorado
United States	PeaceHealth Saint John Medical Center	Longview	Washington
United States	Banner McKee Medical Center	Loveland	Colorado
United States	Covenant Medical Center-Lakeside	Lubbock	Texas
United States	Great Lakes Cancer Management Specialists-Macomb Medical Campus	Macomb	Michigan
United States	Michigan Breast Specialists-Macomb Township	Macomb	Michigan
United States	University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center - University Hospital	Madison	Wisconsin
United States	North Shore University Hospital	Manhasset	New York
United States	Fairview Clinics and Surgery Center Maple Grove	Maple Grove	Minnesota
United States	Minnesota Oncology Hematology PA-Maplewood	Maplewood	Minnesota
United States	Saint John's Hospital - Healtheast	Maplewood	Minnesota
United States	Saint Mary's Oncology/Hematology Associates of Marlette	Marlette	Michigan
United States	Marshfield Medical Center-Marshfield	Marshfield	Wisconsin
United States	Loyola University Medical Center	Maywood	Illinois
United States	Marjorie Weinberg Cancer Center at Loyola-Gottlieb	Melrose Park	Illinois
United States	Idaho Urologic Institute-Meridian	Meridian	Idaho
United States	Saint Luke's Cancer Institute - Meridian	Meridian	Idaho
United States	Miami Cancer Institute	Miami	Florida
United States	Medical College of Wisconsin	Milwaukee	Wisconsin
United States	Abbott-Northwestern Hospital	Minneapolis	Minnesota
United States	Health Partners Inc	Minneapolis	Minnesota
United States	Hennepin County Medical Center	Minneapolis	Minnesota
United States	Community Medical Center	Missoula	Montana
United States	Saint Patrick Hospital - Community Hospital	Missoula	Montana
United States	Kaiser Permanente-Modesto	Modesto	California
United States	Monticello Cancer Center	Monticello	Minnesota
United States	Good Samaritan Regional Health Center	Mount Vernon	Illinois
United States	Intermountain Medical Center	Murray	Utah
United States	Trinity Health Muskegon Hospital	Muskegon	Michigan
United States	Saint Alphonsus Cancer Care Center-Nampa	Nampa	Idaho
United States	Saint Luke's Cancer Institute - Nampa	Nampa	Idaho
United States	Smilow Cancer Center/Yale-New Haven Hospital	New Haven	Connecticut
United States	Yale University	New Haven	Connecticut
United States	Long Island Jewish Medical Center	New Hyde Park	New York
United States	UC Comprehensive Cancer Center at Silver Cross	New Lenox	Illinois
United States	Ochsner Medical Center Jefferson	New Orleans	Louisiana
United States	Cancer Center of Western Wisconsin	New Richmond	Wisconsin
United States	New Ulm Medical Center	New Ulm	Minnesota
United States	Mount Sinai Hospital	New York	New York
United States	NYP/Weill Cornell Medical Center	New York	New York
United States	Providence Newberg Medical Center	Newberg	Oregon
United States	Corewell Health Lakeland Hospitals - Niles Hospital	Niles	Michigan
United States	Cancer and Hematology Centers of Western Michigan - Norton Shores	Norton Shores	Michigan
United States	Kaiser Permanente Oakland-Broadway	Oakland	California
United States	Kaiser Permanente-Oakland	Oakland	California
United States	McKay-Dee Hospital Center	Ogden	Utah
United States	Mercy Hospital Oklahoma City	Oklahoma City	Oklahoma
United States	University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center	Oklahoma City	Oklahoma
United States	Nebraska Medicine-Village Pointe	Omaha	Nebraska
United States	University of Nebraska Medical Center	Omaha	Nebraska
United States	Saint Alphonsus Medical Center-Ontario	Ontario	Oregon
United States	UC Irvine Health/Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center	Orange	California
United States	University of Chicago Medicine-Orland Park	Orland Park	Illinois
United States	Orlando Health Cancer Institute	Orlando	Florida
United States	Hope Cancer Care of Nevada-Pahrump	Pahrump	Nevada
United States	Stanford Cancer Institute Palo Alto	Palo Alto	California
United States	Essentia Health - Park Rapids	Park Rapids	Minnesota
United States	Memorial Hospital West	Pembroke Pines	Florida
United States	Thomas Jefferson University Hospital	Philadelphia	Pennsylvania
United States	University of Pennsylvania/Abramson Cancer Center	Philadelphia	Pennsylvania
United States	Mayo Clinic Hospital in Arizona	Phoenix	Arizona
United States	University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute (UPCI)	Pittsburgh	Pennsylvania
United States	Hope Cancer Center	Pontiac	Michigan
United States	Michigan Healthcare Professionals Pontiac	Pontiac	Michigan
United States	Newland Medical Associates-Pontiac	Pontiac	Michigan
United States	Trinity Health Saint Joseph Mercy Oakland Hospital	Pontiac	Michigan
United States	Jefferson Healthcare	Port Townsend	Washington
United States	Oregon Health and Science University	Portland	Oregon
United States	Providence Portland Medical Center	Portland	Oregon
United States	Providence Saint Vincent Medical Center	Portland	Oregon
United States	Kootenai Clinic Cancer Services - Post Falls	Post Falls	Idaho
United States	Fairview Northland Medical Center	Princeton	Minnesota
United States	Miriam Hospital	Providence	Rhode Island
United States	Rhode Island Hospital	Providence	Rhode Island
United States	Utah Valley Regional Medical Center	Provo	Utah
United States	Kaiser Permanente-Rancho Cordova Cancer Center	Rancho Cordova	California
United States	Saint Charles Health System-Redmond	Redmond	Oregon
United States	Kaiser Permanente- Marshall Medical Offices	Redwood City	California
United States	Kaiser Permanente-Redwood City	Redwood City	California
United States	Corewell Health Reed City Hospital	Reed City	Michigan
United States	Radiation Oncology Associates	Reno	Nevada
United States	Renown Regional Medical Center	Reno	Nevada
United States	Saint Mary's Regional Medical Center	Reno	Nevada
United States	Valley Medical Center	Renton	Washington
United States	Kaiser Permanente-Richmond	Richmond	California
United States	Virginia Commonwealth University/Massey Cancer Center	Richmond	Virginia
United States	Riverton Hospital	Riverton	Utah
United States	North Memorial Medical Health Center	Robbinsdale	Minnesota
United States	Mayo Clinic in Rochester	Rochester	Minnesota
United States	University of Rochester	Rochester	New York
United States	Great Lakes Cancer Management Specialists-Rochester Hills	Rochester Hills	Michigan
United States	Rohnert Park Cancer Center	Rohnert Park	California
United States	Delbert Day Cancer Institute at PCRMC	Rolla	Missouri
United States	Mercy Clinic-Rolla-Cancer and Hematology	Rolla	Missouri
United States	Kaiser Permanente-Roseville	Roseville	California
United States	The Permanente Medical Group-Roseville Radiation Oncology	Roseville	California
United States	Kaiser Permanente - Sacramento	Sacramento	California
United States	Kaiser Permanente Downtown Commons	Sacramento	California
United States	Kaiser Permanente-South Sacramento	Sacramento	California
United States	South Sacramento Cancer Center	Sacramento	California
United States	University of California Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center	Sacramento	California
United States	Ascension Saint Mary's Hospital	Saginaw	Michigan
United States	Oncology Hematology Associates of Saginaw Valley PC	Saginaw	Michigan
United States	Saint George Regional Medical Center	Saint George	Utah
United States	Corewell Health Lakeland Hospitals - Marie Yeager Cancer Center	Saint Joseph	Michigan
United States	Corewell Health Lakeland Hospitals - Saint Joseph Hospital	Saint Joseph	Michigan
United States	Heartland Regional Medical Center	Saint Joseph	Missouri
United States	Mercy Hospital Saint Louis	Saint Louis	Missouri
United States	Mercy Hospital South	Saint Louis	Missouri
United States	Saint Louis Cancer and Breast Institute-South City	Saint Louis	Missouri
United States	Siteman Cancer Center-South County	Saint Louis	Missouri
United States	Washington University School of Medicine	Saint Louis	Missouri
United States	Park Nicollet Clinic - Saint Louis Park	Saint Louis Park	Minnesota
United States	Regions Hospital	Saint Paul	Minnesota
United States	United Hospital	Saint Paul	Minnesota
United States	Siteman Cancer Center at Saint Peters Hospital	Saint Peters	Missouri
United States	Huntsman Cancer Institute/University of Utah	Salt Lake City	Utah
United States	LDS Hospital	Salt Lake City	Utah
United States	Utah Cancer Specialists-Salt Lake City	Salt Lake City	Utah
United States	Kaiser Permanente-San Francisco	San Francisco	California
United States	Kaiser Permanente-Santa Teresa-San Jose	San Jose	California
United States	Kaiser Permanente San Leandro	San Leandro	California
United States	Kaiser Permanente-San Rafael	San Rafael	California
United States	Kaiser San Rafael-Gallinas	San Rafael	California
United States	Kootenai Cancer Clinic	Sandpoint	Idaho
United States	Essentia Health Sandstone	Sandstone	Minnesota
United States	Kaiser Permanente Medical Center - Santa Clara	Santa Clara	California
United States	Kaiser Permanente-Santa Rosa	Santa Rosa	California
United States	Mayo Clinic in Arizona	Scottsdale	Arizona
United States	Kaiser Permanente Washington	Seattle	Washington
United States	Pacific Gynecology Specialists	Seattle	Washington
United States	Swedish Medical Center-Ballard Campus	Seattle	Washington
United States	Swedish Medical Center-Cherry Hill	Seattle	Washington
United States	Swedish Medical Center-First Hill	Seattle	Washington
United States	PeaceHealth United General Medical Center	Sedro-Woolley	Washington
United States	Prisma Health Cancer Institute - Seneca	Seneca	South Carolina
United States	Saint Francis Regional Medical Center	Shakopee	Minnesota
United States	Providence Regional Cancer System-Shelton	Shelton	Washington
United States	Welch Cancer Center	Sheridan	Wyoming
United States	Kaiser Permanente Cancer Treatment Center	South San Francisco	California
United States	Kaiser Permanente-South San Francisco	South San Francisco	California
United States	Essentia Health-Spooner Clinic	Spooner	Wisconsin
United States	CoxHealth South Hospital	Springfield	Missouri
United States	Mercy Hospital Springfield	Springfield	Missouri
United States	Bhadresh Nayak MD PC-Sterling Heights	Sterling Heights	Michigan
United States	Lakeview Hospital	Stillwater	Minnesota
United States	Kaiser Permanente-Stockton	Stockton	California
United States	Stony Brook University Medical Center	Stony Brook	New York
United States	Essentia Health Saint Mary's Hospital - Superior	Superior	Wisconsin
United States	State University of New York Upstate Medical University	Syracuse	New York
United States	Ascension Saint Joseph Hospital	Tawas City	Michigan
United States	National Jewish Health-Northern Hematology Oncology	Thornton	Colorado
United States	Rocky Mountain Cancer Centers-Thornton	Thornton	Colorado
United States	Munson Medical Center	Traverse City	Michigan
United States	Saint Luke's Cancer Institute - Twin Falls	Twin Falls	Idaho
United States	Kaiser Permanente Medical Center-Vacaville	Vacaville	California
United States	Kaiser Permanente-Vallejo	Vallejo	California
United States	PeaceHealth Southwest Medical Center	Vancouver	Washington
United States	Upstate Cancer Center at Verona	Verona	New York
United States	Essentia Health Virginia Clinic	Virginia	Minnesota
United States	Ridgeview Medical Center	Waconia	Minnesota
United States	Providence Saint Mary Regional Cancer Center	Walla Walla	Washington
United States	Kaiser Permanente-Walnut Creek	Walnut Creek	California
United States	Advanced Breast Care Center PLLC	Warren	Michigan
United States	Great Lakes Cancer Management Specialists-Macomb Professional Building	Warren	Michigan
United States	Macomb Hematology Oncology PC	Warren	Michigan
United States	Michigan Breast Specialists-Warren	Warren	Michigan
United States	Saint John Macomb-Oakland Hospital	Warren	Michigan
United States	Mercy Hospital Washington	Washington	Missouri
United States	Saint Mary's Oncology/Hematology Associates of West Branch	West Branch	Michigan
United States	University of Cincinnati Cancer Center-West Chester	West Chester	Ohio
United States	Methodist West Hospital	West Des Moines	Iowa
United States	University of Kansas Hospital-Westwood Cancer Center	Westwood	Kansas
United States	SCL Health Lutheran Medical Center	Wheat Ridge	Colorado
United States	Ascension Via Christi Hospitals Wichita	Wichita	Kansas
United States	Cancer Center of Kansas - Wichita	Wichita	Kansas
United States	Cancer Center of Kansas-Wichita Medical Arts Tower	Wichita	Kansas
United States	Wesley Medical Center	Wichita	Kansas
United States	Rice Memorial Hospital	Willmar	Minnesota
United States	Wake Forest University Health Sciences	Winston-Salem	North Carolina
United States	Minnesota Oncology Hematology PA-Woodbury	Woodbury	Minnesota
United States	Fairview Lakes Medical Center	Wyoming	Minnesota
United States	University of Michigan Health - West	Wyoming	Michigan
United States	North Star Lodge Cancer Center at Yakima Valley Memorial Hospital	Yakima	Washington
United States	Providence Regional Cancer System-Yelm	Yelm	Washington
United States	Huron Gastroenterology PC	Ypsilanti	Michigan
United States	Trinity Health IHA Medical Group Hematology Oncology Ann Arbor Campus	Ypsilanti	Michigan

Sponsors (2)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
Alliance for Clinical Trials in Oncology	National Cancer Institute (NCI)

Countries where clinical trial is conducted

United States,  Canada, 

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Primary	EFS	Will be compared using log-rank tests. EFS curves will be constructed using the Kaplan-Meier product limit method, and additional analyses will be done using the Cox proportional hazards model. The corresponding hazard ratio, 2- and 3-year EFS estimates will be assessed, and EFS medians along with their 95% confidence intervals for the two treatment arms.	Time from induction response to the time of progressive-disease, secondary malignancy, or death, assessed up to 3 years
Secondary	DFS		Time from achievement of CR to the time of relapse and/or death, assessed up to 10 years
Secondary	OS	Will be evaluated using Kaplan-Meier as well as Cox regression models.	Time from randomization to the time of death due to any cause, assessed up to 10 years
Secondary	Proportion of patients who achieve CR or any response to induction therapy	Will be summarized as the proportion of patients who achieve any type of response to induction therapy divided by the number of all evaluable patients registered to this trial and who received at least one dose of induction therapy. Corresponding 95% binomial confidence intervals will also be calculated.	Up to 10 years
Secondary	Overall induction response rates	Will be summarized as the proportion of patients who achieve any type of response to induction therapy divided by the number of all evaluable patients registered to this trial and who received at least one dose of induction therapy. Corresponding 95% binomial confidence intervals will also be calculated.	Up to 10 years
Secondary	Incidence of adverse events as assessed by Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 4.0	The maximum grade for each type of toxicity will be recorded for each patient, and frequency tables will be reviewed to determine toxicity patterns. In addition, all adverse event data that is graded as 3, 4, or 5 will be reviewed and classified as either "unrelated" or "unlikely to be related" to study treatment in the event of an actual relationship developing. The incidence of severe (grade 3+) adverse events or toxicities will be described for each treatment arm, but will also be compared between the arms. Fisher's exact tests will be used to quantitatively compare the incidence of severe as well as specific toxicities of interest between the treatment arms and we will graphically assess differences in maximum grades observed for toxicities between the arms. Tolerability of the treatment arms will be assessed through assessing the number of patients who required dose modifications and/or dose delays.	Up to 10 years
Secondary	Proportion of patients who go off treatment due to adverse reactions	Will be assessed within each of the treatment arms and differences explores in these measures between the arms.	Up to 10 years
Secondary	Proportion of patients who refuse further treatment for lesser toxicities that inhibit their willingness to continue participation on the trial	Will be assessed within each of the treatment arms and differences explores in these measures between the arms.	Up to 10 years