BRIEF TITLE * (in English and Sufficiently Descriptive) Role of MRI in Anti-LGI1 Encephalitis

Autoimmune Encephalitis Clinical Trial

— LGI1-IRM  

Official title:

Investigating the Prognostic Role of Brain MRI in Anti-LGI1 Encephalitis

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Completed

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT05825690
• Other study ID #: 22-5017
• Status: Completed
• Start date: June 20, 2022
• Est. completion date: December 20, 2022

Study information

• Verified date: April 2023
• Source: Hospices Civils de Lyon
• Contact: n/a
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Study type: Observational

Clinical Trial Summary

The term "autoimmune encephalitis" denotes an heterogenous group of diseases commonly associated with autoantibodies targeting neural or glial antigens. Patients harboring antibodies against the leucine-rich glioma-inactivated protein 1 (LGI1) usually respond well to immunotherapy, but a significant percentage develop cognitive sequelae and disability nonetheless. These patients would likely benefit for more aggressive and prolonged immunotherapy, aiming to prevent permanent neurological deficits. Identifying features predicting poor outcome would be crucial to guide treatment decisions. Brain magnetic resonance imaging is a key diagnostic tool in the acute phase, but radiological changes may also appear in follow-up studies, including global brain atrophy, hippocampal atrophy and mesial temporal sclerosis. We hypothesize that specific changes identifiable in the acute and chronic phase underlie a higher risk of poor outcome and persistent neurological deficits.

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Completed
• Enrollment: 50
• Est. completion date: December 20, 2022
• Est. primary completion date: September 20, 2022
• Gender: All
• Age group: 18 Years and older

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

• - Patients with a definite diagnosis of LGI1-antibody-associated encephalitis
• available MRI records
• Ascertained positivity for LGI1-antibodies in serum and/or CSF

Exclusion Criteria:

• - Positivity for another antibody against neural or glial antigens
• MRI images not available
• Not enough clinical data to ascertain outcome

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Autoimmune Encephalitis
• Encephalitis

Intervention

Other:
• Retrospective evaluation of specific brain MRI features
Initial brain MRI and subsequent follow-up studies will be reviewed to document the presence of specific MRI features, and their association with greater disease severity in the acute phase and/or neurological sequelae after encephalitis resolution will be investigated. More specifically, we will analyze the presence of: Brain MRI changes in the acute stage, i.e. < 3 months from symptoms onset, including abnormal signal intensity, altered diffusion and/or contrast enhancement in the hippocampus (unilateral/bilateral), abnormal signal intensity in basal ganglia, insula, and/or perisylvian cortex, presence of global brain atrophy, presence of hippocampal atrophy and/or MTS, hippocampal volumetry Brain MRI changes after acute phase resolution (> 6 months after symptoms onset) including abnormal signal intensity in the hippocampus (unilateral/bilateral), presence of global brain atrophy, presence of hippocampal atrophy and/or MTS, hippocampal volumetry

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
France	Centre de référence des syndromes neurologiques paranéoplasiques et encéphalites autoimmunes	Lyon

Sponsors (1)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
Hospices Civils de Lyon

Country where clinical trial is conducted

France, 

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Primary	Cognitive dysfunction and disability	Main outcome measures will include cognitive dysfunction measured by appropriate neuropsychological evaluations, and psychiatric symptoms; it will be "none", "light", "moderate", "severe"	12 months