View clinical trials related to Artery.
Filter by:In 2019, KDOQI considered that uremic patients with a life expectancy of more than one year should require hemodialysis as an effective renal replacement therapy before preparation of kidney transplantation. Arteriovenous fistula, as the lifeline of uremic patients, plays an important role in their daily hemodialysis. The patency of arteriovenous fistula is largely restricted by the inflow artery. According to available medical literatures, an incidence rate of variations in the branching pattern of the main arteries in the upper limb is ranged from 7.2% to 25.0%. and there is a large difference in the incidence rate between sex and race, furthermore, the incidence rate of variations in the branching pattern of the main arteries in the upper limb of Chinese is still unclear. The brachial artery is the main artery of the upper limb. It gives off two terminal branches at the distal end of the elbow crease, the radial and ulnar arteries, the former one often serves as an arterial inflow to create an arteriovenous fistula in the forearm. High bifurcation of the brachial artery (HBBA) seems to be a common variation which may result in immaturity or disfunction of arteriovenous fistulas. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the variations in the branching pattern of the main arteries in the upper limb of Chinese, in order to study on the hemodynamic changes, and their influence on the establishment, maturation and failure of arteriovenous fistulas in the upper limb.
The CT examination on IQon Spectral CT would be a standard of care CT performed as per the clinical indication. The conventional CT images generated by the scanner will be used for clinical purposes as routinely practiced. And therefore, the primary study aim is to assess the impact of IQon Spectral CT scanner and applications on the clinical workflow of the site as well as the diagnostic confidence levels of the physicians reading the CT cases. In addition to the aim mentioned above, the investigators would like to develop recommendations for the clinical application of the spectral images in routine use. Such recommendations could include optimization of scanning protocols, optimization of reconstruction parameters; evaluate the utility of iodine maps and other supported materials.
Background. Carotid artery stenting (CAS) recently has become an accepted method for treatment of patients with high-grade carotid artery stenosis, who are at an increased risk for surgical carotid endarterectomy (CEA). The reported rates of neurological complications of CAS substantially decreased during the past years, and the routine use of cerebral protection devices and low profile catheter systems have further increased the procedure´s safety. In the early 90's large surgical trials in North America and Europe (NASCET, ECST and ACAS) demonstrated superiority of CEA compared to best medical treatment for symptomatic and asymptomatic patients. Provided that the ongoing randomized controlled trials comparing CAS and CEA confirm equivalence between the these methods, CAS similar to CEA is applicable to symptomatic and asymptomatic patients with high grade carotid stenosis. However, particularly in asymptomatic patients, the indication for revascularisation remains debatable. Protected CAS is associated with a very low rate of neurological complications, which are below the AHA recommendation for treating asymptomatic patients (3%). However, the introduction of new vascular protective medications like statins and clopidogrel during the recent years substantially improved the spectrum of best medical treatment, and the findings of NASCET, ECST and ACAS with respect to best medical treatment may therefore not be applicable any more. Study hypothesis and aims. Given the low frequency of spontaneous neurological complications, the preferable therapeutic approach to patients with asymptomatic high grade ( > 80%) carotid artery stenoses is currently unknown. Modern best medical treatment may manage to stabilize the atherosclerotic plaque, while CAS has the potential of resolving the carotid stenosis. Comparative data, however, are not available as yet. We hypothesized that protected CAS has a beneficial effect on occurrence of ipsilateral neurological complications and major adverse cardiac events in high-risk patients with asymptomatic > 80% internal carotid artery stenosis. Therefore, the aim of the present randomized controlled trial was to analyze neurological and cardiovascular outcome of patients treated with elective CAS plus best medical treatment compared to best medical treatment only.