Anxiety State — The Effect of Iso-Principal Based Music Playlists on Anxiety
Citation(s)
Bados A, Gómez-Benito J, Balaguer G The state-trait anxiety inventory, trait version: does it really measure anxiety? J Pers Assess. 2010 Nov;92(6):560-7. doi: 10.1080/00223891.2010.513295.
Davis WB, Thaut MH The Influence of Preferred Relaxing Music on Measures of State Anxiety, Relaxation, and Physiological Responses. Journal of Music Therapy. 1989;26(4):168-87. doi: 10.1093/jmt/26.4.168.
Gray EK, Watson, D Assessing positive and negative affect via self-report. In: Coan JA, Allen, J.J.B., editor. Handbook of emotion elicitation and assessment. New York, NY: Oxford University Press; 2007.
Grös DF, Antony MM, Simms LJ, McCabe RE Psychometric properties of the State-Trait Inventory for Cognitive and Somatic Anxiety (STICSA): comparison to the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). Psychol Assess. 2007 Dec;19(4):369-81.
Heiderscheit, A , & Madson, A. (2015). Use of the Iso Principle as a Central Method in Mood Management: A Music Psychotherapy Clinical Case Study. Music Therapy Perspectives, 33(1), 45-52. doi:10.1093/mtp/miu042 %J Music Therapy Perspectives
Isik BK, Esen A, Büyükerkmen B, Kilinç A, Menziletoglu D Effectiveness of binaural beats in reducing preoperative dental anxiety. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2017 Jul;55(6):571-574. doi: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2017.02.014. Epub 2017 Mar 18.
Mallik A, Russo FA The effects of music & auditory beat stimulation on anxiety: A randomized clinical trial. PLoS One. 2022 Mar 9;17(3):e0259312. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0259312. eCollection 2022.
McConnell PA, Froeliger B, Garland EL, Ives JC, Sforzo GA Auditory driving of the autonomic nervous system: Listening to theta-frequency binaural beats post-exercise increases parasympathetic activation and sympathetic withdrawal. Front Psychol. 2014 Nov 14;5:1248. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2014.01248. eCollection 2014.
Padmanabhan R, Hildreth AJ, Laws D A prospective, randomised, controlled study examining binaural beat audio and pre-operative anxiety in patients undergoing general anaesthesia for day case surgery. Anaesthesia. 2005 Sep;60(9):874-7.
Phillips SP, Yu J Is anxiety/depression increasing among 5-25 year-olds? A cross-sectional prevalence study in Ontario, Canada, 1997-2017. J Affect Disord. 2021 Mar 1;282:141-146. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.12.178. Epub 2020 Dec 30.
Starcke K, Mayr J, von Georgi R Emotion Modulation through Music after Sadness Induction-The Iso Principle in a Controlled Experimental Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Nov 26;18(23). pii: 12486. doi: 10.3390/ijerph182312486.
Wahbeh H, Calabrese C, Zwickey H Binaural beat technology in humans: a pilot study to assess psychologic and physiologic effects. J Altern Complement Med. 2007 Jan-Feb;13(1):25-32.
Watson D, Clark LA, Tellegen A Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: the PANAS scales. J Pers Soc Psychol. 1988 Jun;54(6):1063-70.
Yusim A, Grigaitis J Efficacy of Binaural Beat Meditation Technology for Treating Anxiety Symptoms: A Pilot Study. J Nerv Ment Dis. 2020 Feb;208(2):155-160. doi: 10.1097/NMD.0000000000001070.
The Effect of Iso-Principal Based Music Playlists on Anxiety
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
