Comparison of the Efficacy of Leflunomide and Azathioprine for the Maintenance Therapy of ANCA Associated Vasculitis

ANCA Associated Vasculitis Clinical Trial

— LEFAZAREM  

Official title:

The Efficacy of Leflunomide for the Maintenance Therapy of ANCA Associated Vasculitis

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Recruiting

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT04737343
• Other study ID #: CSTAR-006
• Status: Recruiting
• Phase: N/A
• Start date: June 30, 2021
• Est. completion date: December 31, 2024

Study information

• Verified date: November 2021
• Source: Chinese SLE Treatment And Research Group
• Contact: Yunjiao Yang, MD
• Phone: 86-13671313079
• Email: yangyunjiao81[@]163.com
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Study type: Interventional

Clinical Trial Summary

This study is a prospective, open-labelled, randomized, controlled,multi-center clincial trial. The aim of this study is to verify that the remission rate of patients treated with Leflunomide is not inferior to that of patients treated with Azathioprine.

Description:

Background The basic theme of AAV is relapse and remission. The maintenance therapy of AAV aimed to reduce or prevent relapse is very challenge. Although many medications have been used for the maintenance of AAV, Leflunomide (LEF) has not studied thoroughly yet. So far, only one study tested the efficacy of LEF in the maintenance therapy for AAV. However, the sample size of this study is small, so large size clinical study is needed to clarify the role of LEF in the maintenance of AAV.

LEF is one of the most frequently prescribed DMARDs in the treatment of rheumatic diseases in China. It is cheap and widely available. Many experiences have been accumulated about its efficacy and safety in Chinese patients with rheumatic diseases. But there is no study to show its effectiveness in the reduction of the relapse of AAV in China. In this study, we try to compare the effectiveness of LEF and AZA, the gold standard for maintenance therapy, in the maintenance of AAV.

Objectives To verify that the effectiveness of LEF in reducing relapse is not inferior to AZA by comparing the relapse rate of LEF and AZA during the 18 month maintenance treatment of AAV.

Study Design This is a prospective, randomized, open-label, control, non-inferiority study.

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Recruiting
• Enrollment: 114
• Est. completion date: December 31, 2024
• Est. primary completion date: November 30, 2024
• Accepts healthy volunteers: No
• Gender: All
• Age group: 18 Years to 75 Years

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Patients age 18 to 75 years, both genders can be included.

2. Patients who are newly diagnosed or relapsing granulomatosis with polyangiitis, microscopic polyangiitis, or EGPA in complete remission after combined treatment with glucocorticoids and pulse cyclophosphamide or Rituximab. Remission is defined as a Birmingham Vasculitis Activity Score(BVAS version 3) of 0.

3. Patients must fulfill the 1990 ACR classification criteria of GPA, EGPA and 2012 modified Chapel Hill classification criteria of MPA.

4. Patients have to be ANCA-positive at diagnosis or during the course of their disease.

5. Patients must sign the informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Patients with TPMT gene mutation;

2. Patients who had been treated with either AZA or LEF but relapsed in the past;

3. Patients who had been treated with either AZA or LEF but had to stop due to adverse events or intolerance;

4. Patients who have planned for pregnancy in next 2 years;

5. Patients with severe liver dysfunction(defined as the elevation of liver enzyme 3 times the upper limit or Child grade III) or ESRD;

6. Patients with uncontrolled sever hypertension, diabetes, active bacteria or fungal infection;

7. Patients with active hepatitis virus infection as well as patients who have active mycobacteria infection;

8. Patients who are not eligible according to the judge of the principal investigators or site investigators.

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• ANCA Associated Vasculitis
• Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Vasculitis
• Maintenance Therapy
• Vasculitis

Intervention

Drug:
• Leflunomide
Patient will be treated with Leflunomide(Tuoshu, the commericial name) 30mg QD for 18 months
• Azathioprine Tablets
Patients included into this study will be treated with Azathioprine tablets 100mg QD for 18 months.

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
China	Peking Union Medical College Hospital	Beijing
China	AnHui provincial hospital	Hefei	Anhui
China	the Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University	Hohhot	Inner Mongolia
China	the Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University	Kunming	Yunnan

Sponsors (10)

Lead Sponsor

Collaborator

Chinese SLE Treatment And Research Group

Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun,China, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Shanghai Zhongshan Hospital, Sichuan Province People's Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical College

Country where clinical trial is conducted

China, 

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Primary	the percentage of patients with major relapse in 18 months follow-up time	the percentage of patients with major relapse (re-appearance or worsening of disease with a BVAS >0 and involvement of at least one major organ, a life-threatening manifestation, or both) at month 18	from inclusion to the end of the study, 18 months in total
Secondary	The rate of minor relapse of the AZA and LEF treatment group in 18 months.	The rate of minor relapse (reappearance or worsening of disease with a BVAS >0, not corresponding to a major relapse but requiring mild treatment intensification) of the AZA and LEF treatment group.	from inclusion to the end of the study, 18 months in total
Secondary	The rate of adverse events and their severity in both LEF and AZA treated patients during 18 months of the study period.	2. The rate of adverse events and their severity(Severe events were defined as the adverse events of grade 3 or 4, deaths caused by any cause, cancers, side effects that necessitate hospitalization) in both LEF and AZA treated patients during the study period.	from inclusion to the end of the study, 18 months in total
Secondary	Patients progress to ESRD at the end of the study	Patients progress to ESRD at the end of the study	from inclusion to the end of the study, 18 months in total