Alveolar Bone Resorption Clinical Trial
Official title:
Evaluation of Vertical Bone Augmentation Using Anterior Maxillary Segmental Sandwich Osteotomy: Simultaneous Versus Delayed Implant Placement, A Randomized Controlled Trial
Vertical bone height has always presented challenge for the clinicians especially in the anterior aesthetic zone. Therefore, this trial will attempt to compare whether better vertical bone height and implant placement technique can be achieved using simultaneous implant placement with the sandwich osteotomy, which is a time saving procedure performed in a single stage surgery; when compared to using fixation plates to support the segment followed by delayed implant placement.
Fixation plates are usually used to support the segmentalized bone segment during vertical
bone augmentation using sandwich osteotomy and inlay bone grafting; to minimize movement of
the bone segment and allow for new bone formation. Therefore, the aim of this study is to
evaluate vertical bone height achieved at the anterior maxilla in vertical segmental sandwich
osteotomy with simultaneous implant placement versus the same technique using fixation
plates.
Description of Sandwich Osteotomy procedure to be done:
- A full thickness pyramidal flap with buccal paracrestal incision and two vertical
releasing incisions slightly divergent to each other will be made. Then the
mucoperiosteal flap will be reflected exposing the whole buccal cortical plate without
reflection of the palatal mucosa.
- The palatal mucosa will not be reflected to avoid disturbance of blood supply to the
mobilized segment for proper healing.
- With a Tungsten carbide disc - 1 mm in thickness and 10 mm in diameter - the alveolar
bone will be segmented using a horizontal cut 3 to 5 mm apical to the crest of the
ridge, and two lateral vertically oblique cuts 1-2 mm away from adjacent teeth roots
slightly converging toward the alveolar crest or almost parallel to each other; thus
creating a trapezoid-shaped bone segment pedicled on the attached palatal tissues.
- The horizontal and the two vertical cuts will then be revised using a set of graduated
ridge splitting (fine chisels) osteotomes of sequential width and a light weight mallet
to ensure that the surgical cuts are down to spongy bone.
- The segment will then be mobilized crestally, pedicled on the non-reflected palatal
tissue.
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