View clinical trials related to Airway Obstruction.
Filter by:Recently, the investigators demonstrated that nasal route ventilation is superior to the nasal-oral combined ventilation in the absence of jaw thrust and chin up maneuvers. The investigators hypothesize nasal mask ventilation may reduce the incidence of difficult mask ventilation during the induction of general anesthesia by: 1) producing a better seal than full face mask, and 2)establishing a greater airway patency and more effectively ventilate than full face mask ventilation. The investigators intend to test this hypothesis on adult patients during the induction of general anesthesia in the absence of muscle relaxation.
Upper airway obstruction (UAO) is common complication during induction of general anesthesia. The mechanism of UAO during anesthesia has not been well understood. Posterior displacement of soft palate are believed to be the primary contributing factors. The mechanism of UAO during anesthesia share many similarities with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Since nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) can maintain the airway patent in patients with OSA, the investigators hypothesize that nCPAP during induction of anesthesia will reduce the incidence and severity of UAO.
Several studies have documented that neuromuscular block often persists in the postanesthesia care unit (PACU). Residual paralysis is associated with postoperative complications such as hypoxia, weakness, and respiratory failure. The data in the current literature on residual paralysis in the PACU were almost exclusively obtained with acetylcholinesterase inhibitors as they were the only reversal agents available prior to the introduction in clinical practice of sugammadex (Bridion®) in the European Union and in some other countries, except for the USA. Reassessment of practice in this regard is relevant, now that sugammadex (Bridion®) has become available in our country since 2009. This study is an observational/non-interventional, non-randomized study involving adult patients undergoing different types of elective surgical procedures requiring general anesthesia with neuromuscular blocking drugs (NMBDs). Administration of NMBDs and reversal agents (as well as all drugs which will be used during anesthesia) will be performed in accordance with routine anesthetic practice. The study population will comprise about 600 surgical patients. Immediately after the patients' arrival in the PACU, a study nurse will record the acceleromyographic responses of their adductor pollicis muscle as percent of the train-of-four (TOF%) on stimulation of the ulnar nerve. A TOF of 90% will be used as cut-off value to exclude residual paralysis. Pulse oximetry (SpO2) will be measured continuously throughout the PACU admission, and SpO2 values will be recorded at 1-min intervals for the first 30 min. PACU nurses caring for the patient will document the occurrence of any of the following events during the first 30 min of PACU admission: the number of episodes of hypoxemia (SpO2<90%), the lowest SpO2 observed by nursing staff, the requirement for either tactile or verbal stimulation to maintain SpO2 greater than 90%, and any clinical evidence of airway obstruction. The primary objective is to evaluate the incidence of postoperative residual curarisation at PACU arrival in patients reversed with sugammadex (Bridion®), neostigmine and in case of spontaneous recovery. The secondary objectives are to evaluate: - Oxygen saturation (SpO2) at PACU arrival - Possible episodes of SpO2 <90% in the PACU - Airway maneuvers and/or stimulation required to maintain SpO2 >90% in the PACU - Need for re-intubation.
This Phase II, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized, parallel-group study is designed to evaluate the efficacy, safety and tolerability of MEMP1972A when administered to patients by intravenous (IV) infusion for the treatment of allergen-induced asthma.
The investigators are attempting to demonstrate a decrease in the frequency and severity of sedation-induced respiratory arrhythmias(central and obstructive apneas) with pharmacological pre-treatment in this pilot project and then eventually to understand the mechanisms behind this decrease. The efficacy and mechanisms of these treatments, while evaluated during sleep in Obstructed Sleep Apnea (OSA) patients, have not been systematically studied during sedation in either normal subjects or OSA patients. The agent to be assessed in this study in physostigmine versus placebo.
This Phase II, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized, parallel-group study is designed to evaluate the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of huMAb OX40L administered to patients by IV infusion for the treatment of allergen-induced asthma.
Distinct patterns of loss in pulmonary function were identified in children with mild to moderate asthma participating in a 10-year observation period during the NHLBI Childhood Asthma Management Program. This loss in pulmonary function is likely related to ongoing inflammation unresponsive to current therapy. This study will measure indicators of airway inflammation which are associated with structural and physiologic changes in the lung and provide insight into mechanisms of asthma progression in adolescence and early adulthood.
Currently it is common medical wisdom that HELIOX (mixture of Helium in Oxygen) with a fraction of Helium below 60% is not effective in reducing airway obstruction. The investigators test the hypothesis that HELIOX with a fraction of Helium below 60% is still effective in relieving airway obstruction in a double-blind, randomized and controlled clinical PoC study with experimental upper airway obstruction.
This is a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study designed to demonstrate the safety and efficacy of MILR1444A compared with placebo in reducing the airway reaction to an inhaled aeroallergen solution in adult patients with mild allergic asthma. The study will randomize approximately 24 patients at five study centers. In the event of patient discontinuation from the study, additional patients may be enrolled at the discretion of the Sponsor.
The purpose of this study is to investigate the pharmacodynamics of single doses of AZD3199 in asthmatic patients.