Outcome
Type |
Measure |
Description |
Time frame |
Safety issue |
Primary |
Ever had sex |
Study participants were asked, "Have you ever had sexual intercourse?" Sexual intercourse was defined as any oral, anal, or penis-in-vagina sex. Item response choices were Yes/No. |
Prior to program participation (baseline) |
|
Primary |
Ever had sex |
Study participants were asked, "Have you ever had sexual intercourse?" Sexual intercourse was defined as any oral, anal, or penis-in-vagina sex. Item response choices were Yes/No. |
1 year |
|
Primary |
Contraceptive use at last intercourse |
Study participants were asked, "The last time you had sexual intercourse, which methods did you or your partner use to prevent pregnancy?" Item response options included: I have never had penis-in-vagina sexual intercourse; no method was used to prevent pregnancy; birth control pills; condoms; Depo-Provera (or any injectable birth control), Nuva Ring (or any birth control ring), Implanon (or any implant), birth control patch, or any IUD; withdrawal; some other method; and not sure. These responses were recoded to Yes/No. |
Prior to program participation (baseline) |
|
Primary |
Contraceptive use at last intercourse |
Study participants were asked, "The last time you had sexual intercourse, which methods did you or your partner use to prevent pregnancy?" Item response options included: I have never had penis-in-vagina sexual intercourse; no method was used to prevent pregnancy; birth control pills; condoms; Depo-Provera (or any injectable birth control), Nuva Ring (or any birth control ring), Implanon (or any implant), birth control patch, or any IUD; withdrawal; some other method; and not sure. These responses were recoded to Yes/No. |
1 year |
|
Primary |
Changes to contraceptive method in last year |
Study participants were asked, "During the last year, have you made any changes in the use of protection from sexually-transmitted infections (STIs) or pregnancy? Item response categories included: I have never had sexual intercourse; I haven't had sexual intercourse in the past 12 months; no; yes. If response was yes, study participants were asked to identify their previous contraceptive method and their current contraceptive method. Contraceptive methods were coded as reliable or not reliable. |
Prior to program participation (baseline) |
|
Primary |
Changes to contraceptive method in last year |
Study participants were asked, "During the last year, have you made any changes in the use of protection from sexually-transmitted infections (STIs) or pregnancy? Item response categories included: I have never had sexual intercourse; I haven't had sexual intercourse in the past 12 months; no; yes. If response was yes, study participants were asked to identify their previous contraceptive method and their current contraceptive method. Contraceptive methods were coded as reliable or not reliable. |
1 year |
|
Primary |
Ever visited doctor/clinic for birth control, exam, or STI |
Study participants were asked, "j. Have you ever been to a doctor or to a clinic to get birth control, to have a pelvic exam, a testicular exam or to get a check up for sexually transmitted infections?" Item responses were Yes/No. |
Prior to program participation (baseline) |
|
Primary |
Ever visited doctor/clinic for birth control, exam, or STI |
Study participants were asked, "j. Have you ever been to a doctor or to a clinic to get birth control, to have a pelvic exam, a testicular exam or to get a check up for sexually transmitted infections?" Item responses were Yes/No. |
1 year |
|
Secondary |
Comfort with own sexuality scale |
Seven-items that measured such things as comfort talking with a date about sex or birth control and having a good understanding of one's own sexual feelings and reactions (alpha = 0.7545). Each item was rated on a scale of 1 to 4, with the most desirable response being 4. |
Prior to program participation (baseline) |
|
Secondary |
Comfort with own sexuality scale |
Seven-items that measured such things as comfort talking with a date about sex or birth control and having a good understanding of one's own sexual feelings and reactions (alpha = 0.7545). Each item was rated on a scale of 1 to 4, with the most desirable response being 4. |
1 year |
|
Secondary |
Confidence in peer education skills scale |
Eight-items, on a scale of 1 to 4, that measured confidence in accessing current information about sexually transmitted diseases and infections or explaining proper condom usage to peers (alpha = 0.7525). |
Prior to program participation (baseline) |
|
Secondary |
Confidence in peer education skills scale |
Eight-items, on a scale of 1 to 4, that measured confidence in accessing current information about sexually transmitted diseases and infections or explaining proper condom usage to peers (alpha = 0.7525). |
1 year |
|
Secondary |
Civic action scale |
Six-item scale adapted from Flanagan et al. to measure ability to be actively engaged citizens (alpha = 0.6789). The scale, rated on a scale of 1 to 4, measured such things as the strength of their belief that they can make a difference in their communities and confidence that they can express their views in front of a group. |
Prior to program participation (baseline) |
|
Secondary |
Civic action scale |
Six-item scale adapted from Flanagan et al. to measure ability to be actively engaged citizens (alpha = 0.6789). The scale, rated on a scale of 1 to 4, measured such things as the strength of their belief that they can make a difference in their communities and confidence that they can express their views in front of a group. |
1 year |
|
Secondary |
Perspective taking scale |
Seven-item sub-scale from the Interpersonal Reactivity Index measuring the ability of youth to be empathetic and understand the perspective of others (alpha = 0.7158). This 5-point subscale included items to measure attempts to understand their friends by imagining how things look from their perspective and trying to look at both sides of every question. The scale language was adapted to be more gender neutral, with permission of the author. |
Prior to program participation (baseline) |
|
Secondary |
Perspective taking scale |
Seven-item sub-scale from the Interpersonal Reactivity Index measuring the ability of youth to be empathetic and understand the perspective of others (alpha = 0.7158). This 5-point subscale included items to measure attempts to understand their friends by imagining how things look from their perspective and trying to look at both sides of every question. The scale language was adapted to be more gender neutral, with permission of the author. |
1 year |
|
Secondary |
Communication with parents |
Two items about teen comfort talking with parents about sex and birth control, rated 1 to 4, with 4 indicating the highest level of comfort. These two items were examined individually. A third item measured whether youth had conversations with parents about sexuality or birth control in the past year (yes/no). A final item had teens report the number of such conversations in five unequal categories (0,1-5, 6-10, 11-15, and more than 15), then dichotomized to 10 or fewer conversations (0) and more than ten conversations (1). |
Prior to program participation (baseline) |
|
Secondary |
Communication with parents |
Two items about teen comfort talking with parents about sex and birth control, rated 1 to 4, with 4 indicating the highest level of comfort. These two items were examined individually. A third item measured whether youth had conversations with parents about sexuality or birth control in the past year (yes/no). A final item had teens report the number of such conversations in five unequal categories (0,1-5, 6-10, 11-15, and more than 15), then dichotomized to 10 or fewer conversations (0) and more than ten conversations (1). |
1 year |
|