View clinical trials related to Acute Variceal Bleeding.
Filter by:Endoscopy is important for the diagnosis and treatment of acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding (AUGIB), especially acute variceal bleeding (AVB), in patients with liver cirrhosis. However, the optimal timing of endoscopy remains controversial, primarily because the currently available evidence is of poor quality, and the definition of early endoscopy is also very heterogeneous among studies. Herein, a multicenter randomized controlled trial (RCT) is performed to explore the impact of timing of endoscopy on the outcomes of cirrhotic patients with AVB.
The purpose of this study is to analyze the clinical characteristics of patients with fatal acute variceal bleeding (AVB) and establish a mortality risk prediction model to identify patients at high risk of death after admission, so as to guide clinical practice, further optimize the allocation of emergency resources, and further reduce the mortality of AVB patients.
Acute variceal bleeding is one of the critical complications in patients with cirrhosis. Due to remarkable improvements in diagnostic and therapeutic modalities such as vasoactive agents, endoscopic therapy and antibiotics, the overall prognosis has been improved during the past several decades. However, it is still associated with increased mortality that is still around 20% at 6 weeks. Patients with advanced cirrhosis have an intense overactivity of the endogenous vasoactive systems characterized by arterial hypotension and low peripheral vascular resistance. Severe renal vasoconstriction in consequence of marked arterial vasodilatation in splanchnic circulation triggers the reduction of glomerular filtration rate, and thus induces acute kidney injury (AKI)/hepatorenal syndrome (HRS), which have been further implicated in the increasing mortality in patients with cirrhosis. Renal functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), a technique considered superior to the most common method used to estimate the glomerular filtration rate, allows for non-invasive, accurate measurements of renal structures and functions in both animals and humans. It has become increasingly prevalent in research and clinical applications. In recent years, renal fMRI has developed rapidly with progress in MRI hardware and emerging post-processing algorithms. Function related imaging markers could be acquired via renal fMRI, encompassing water molecular diffusion, perfusion, and oxygenation. The study will use phase contrast - MR angiography, intravoxel incoherent motion - diffusion weighted imaging (IVIM-DWI) and blood-oxgen-level-dependent (BOLD)-MRI to evaluate renal functional changes after using vasoactive medications in patients with cirrhosis. The rationale for the use of vasoactive medications, including terlipressin and octreotide, is to produce splanchnic vasoconstriction and reduce portal blood flow and portal pressure, thereby underpinning the application of these vasoactive drugs in the management of cirrhotic patients with acute variceal bleeding. Meanwhile, terlipressin has been recommended as the international first-line pharmacological therapy for the treatment of HRS because terlipressin may improve renal hemodynamics, improve renal function and potentially enable HRS a reversible condition without the need of liver transplantation. However, the renal protection effect of terlipressin vs. octreotide remains unknown. In this study, the investigators aim to conduct a multicenter, single-blind randomized controlled trial to compare the renal protection effect of terlipressin vs. octreotide assessed by fMRI in the management of cirrhotic patients with acute variceal bleeding.
The study is single centered; prospective, parallel arm randomized controlled trial.The patients will be who presented to Institute of Liver & Biliary Sciences with esophageal variceal bleeding or develop esophageal bleeding during hospital stay. All patients will be managed with continuous non-invasive cardiac and hemodynamic monitoring including cardiac rhythm, pulse rate, blood pressure, and oxygen saturation. Hemoglobin (Hb) will checked every 6 h for the initial 48 h and then every 12 h till discharge. Likewise, serum creatinine will checked daily. Packed red blood cells will be transfused to maintain target Hb of ⩾8 g/dl. Patients will be started on IV Proton Pump Inhibitor, with bolus dose of terlipressin (2mg) followed by Endoscopic variceal ligation. All patients will received prophylactic antibiotics; antibiotics will be stopped if there will no other indication to continue. After confirmation of EVB (Esophageal Variceal Bleeding) and successful initial hemostasis with emergency EVBL (Endoscopic Variceal Band ligation), patients will be randomly assigned into Group -A (Bolus terlipressin at 2mg every 4hourly) and Group-B (Continuous infusion of terlipressin @ 4mg/24hour initially) therapy for esophageal varices . They will then undergo HVPG (Hepatic Venous Pressure Gradient) measurement at baseline, 12hours and 24hours. Patient in continuous group will titrate dose. accordingly to HVPG (Hepatic Venous Pressure Gradient) measurement at 12 and 24 hours. At 24 hours patient will be directed to receive either TIPS (Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt) or will continue Terlipressin for 48 hours.