View clinical trials related to Acute Respiratory Infection.
Filter by:Under the World Health Organization's (WHO) integrated community case management (iCCM) Rapid Access Expansion Program (RAcE), World Vision Niger and Canada supported the Niger Ministry of Public Health to implement iCCM in four health districts in Niger in 2013. Community health workers (CHWs), known as Relais Communautaire (RCom), were deployed in their communities to diagnose and treat children under five years of age presenting with diarrhea, malaria and pneumonia and refer children with severe illness to the higher-level facilities. Two of the districts piloted RCom using smartphones equipped with an application to support quality case management and provide good timely clinical data. A two-arm cluster randomized trial assessed the impact of use of the mHealth application mainly on quality of care (QoC), but also on motivation, retention and supervision
Pneumonia in Pakistan continues to be the leading killer of children under five. Although various national and provincial programs have tried to tackle this but they have not been able to achieve the desired outcomes. Additionally, there has been limited in depth evaluation of the practices of pneumonia management at various levels of the community. The investigators, therefore, aim to establish an understanding of pneumonia case management at three levels of healthcare - community, first level care facility and practitioner level. This will be conducted through observations of pneumonia case managements practices of healthcare providers at these three levels across the country by simulated patients. Observation checklists will be developed incorporating settings and behaviors. Observation sites will be randomly selected with 32 observations made in each province. The results of this study will yield the ground reality of pneumonia case management in Pakistan. Based on the results of this study, strategies can be devised to improve case management within the community with models of regular monitoring and supervision.
The proposed study will monitor and evaluate a quality improvement project - the introduction of commercially available lateral flow CRP tests with international regulatory approval, as a routine care service to improve the management of patients with acute respiratory infection (ARI) and reduce unnecessary antibiotic prescribing. No research staff will be present, and to minimise disruption and alteration of routine care, a waiver of written patient informed consent will be requested from the relevant ethical review boards, in accordance with the 2016 WHO/CIOMS International Guidance for Health-related Research Involving Humans8. Instead, patients in intervention clusters will be provided with information concerning how the test can assist healthcare workers in identifying when antibiotics are required, after which they will be free to refuse its use. The test selected for use in the study is the Actim® CRP test from Medix Biochemica (Finland; ISO certification ISO13485:2016). The test is a simple lateral flow device that uses capillary blood, obtained through a finger/heel puncture. The test provides a semi-quantitative indication of whether CRP concentrations are <10mg/L, between 10-40mg/L, between 40-80mg/L, or above 80mg/L, in under 5 minutes with minimal training requirements. The test has been approved by the European regulatory body (CE-marking) as well as in 13 other countries around the world (including Switzerland, Norway, Iceland, Israel and Thailand) and has been validated for accuracy in previous publications.9,10 Our own research group has also confirmed the tests' accuracy in both laboratory and field environments, including their thermos-stability in a tropical climate (see annex). Neither Medix Biochemica nor any of its distributors, have had involvement with the design of the evaluation and our group has no conflict of interest with respect to the choice of the test. Main research question: Can point of care CRP tests introduced in routine primary healthcare reduce prescription of antibiotics for patients with acute respiratory infections, outside of the research context? Brief description of the intervention: The implementation of CRP point of care tests will be conducted at commune health centres (CHCs), the primary access point for public health services in Vietnam (CHC details are described in the Location section below). Prior to introduction of the tests, an educational session will be provided for local healthcare workers in both intervention and control arms about the role of antibiotics and AMR. After randomization, further training will be provided for healthcare workers in the intervention CHCs as to the use of CRP testing to guide antibiotic prescribing decisions. In the intervention CHCs, healthcare workers will be trained on the use and interpretation of CRP testing in ARI (detailed in section 5.4). Educational materials will also be developed for patients and care-givers regarding the value of CRP testing. Description of the population to be studied: This study will be conducted in the general population of Nam Dinh, a rural province in northern Vietnam. The test will be provided at CHCs and recommended for use in patients presenting with a chief complaint of ARI.
The purpose of this study is is to demonstrate superiority of Polyoxidonium, nasal and sublingual spray, 6 mg/ml over placebo in children aged from 1 to 12 years with acute respiratory viral infections. This is a multicenter prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group phase 3 study.
The RAPID trial is a randomized controlled trial that looks at the clinical impact of a rapid respiratory test in a pediatric emergency department. Participants will be randomized to the intervention group - results available to medical providers, or the control group- results not available to medical providers.
The main objective of this project is to evaluate the agreement between nasopharyngeal and sputum specimens in terms of detection of viral infection in Cystic Fibrosis (CF) participants.This is a 12-month national, multicenter prospective study (7 centers). Inclusions concern CF participants (children or adults) with signs of acute respiratory infection seen in consultation or hospitalized in their CF Research Center. A molecular viral multiplex search is performed on both nasopharyngeal and expectoration collected samples for each included participant. Determination of viral detection agreement between the two CF respiratory samples is then performed.
In Ethiopia, great majorities (95%) of households rely on solid biomass fuels such as wood, muck, crop residues, and charcoal burned in highly polluting stoves to meet the basic household energy needs with its severe health consequences due to emission of toxic indoor air pollutants. Correspondingly, household air pollution (HAP) from biomass fuel use is now estimated to be responsible for nearly 3.5 million premature deaths annually, with the highest disease burdens experienced by countries in sub-Saharan Africa. HAP ranks as the highest environmental risk factors to premature deaths globally and 2nd leading risk factor next to childhood underweight in most of sub-Saharan Africa countries as well as 3rd leading risk factor of disease next to childhood underweight, and suboptimal breastfeeding in Ethiopia. Usually prevention efforts aimed at reducing HAP and related health burdens have been focused on the use of energy efficient cookstoves. There is, however, rigorous lack of evidence in Ethiopia or in other similar settings whether it is possible to achieve adequate HAP reduction and improve health with locally made energy efficient baking stoves from a public health point of view. Particularly, the popular Ethiopian energy efficient "Injera" baking stove has not been researched through stove trial inquiry. Therefore, research studies are required in Ethiopia on health benefits achieved when households adopt energy efficient baking stoves. In view of that, cluster randomized controlled trial will be employed with experimental study design for one year to test the effectiveness of the Ethiopian improved "Injera" baking stove intervention on reducing HAP and childhood acute respiratory infection (ARI) through comparing equal size groups of children before and after part of households received an improved "Injera" baking stove. Accordingly, the proposed stove trial aims to address an important research gap by determining whether the Ethiopian improved "Injera" baking biomass stove intervention can adequately reduce HAP exposure to prevent childhood acute respiratory infection. With this objective, the proposed stove trial will test the hypothesis that there is a statistically significant difference in HAP levels and incidence of childhood ARI when using traditional versus improved "Injera" baking stove in Northwest Ethiopia
This study will analyze gene expression data from various biological specimens collected from voluntary participants.
A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, Phase I clinical study of the safety and tolerability of increasing doses of drug XC221 after single and repeated oral administration in healthy volunteers. The volunteers received the study drug once, and then continued daily intake for 5 days after a 6-day break. The primary objective of the study was to evaluate the safety and tolerability profile for drug XC221 after single and multiple administration based on the frequency and severity of adverse events and changes in vital signs, laboratory results, electrocardiography and results of the physical examination. The secondary objective of the study was to assess pharmacokinetics of active pharmaceutical substance XC221GI and its metabolite XC221A.
The primary objective of this study is to estimate the impact of a self-monitoring tool (ChARM), used as a teaching/monitoring device, on the CHWs respiratory rate counting accuracy when assessing children under the age of 5 years with suspected pneumonia symptoms.