View clinical trials related to Acute Leukemia.
Filter by:The primary objective of the study is to assess efficacy and safety of different prophylactic or therapeutic antithrombotic approaches in patients with hematologic neoplasms and platelet count <50 x109/L, including unfractionated or low molecular weight heparin, fondaparinux, anti-vitamin K agents, antiplatelet agents, novel oral anticoagulants, fibrinolytic agents, with or without a policy of platelet transfusion. Cases with arterial or venous thromboembolism managed with observation or use of vena cava filters in patients with venous thromboembolism will be included too.
The experimental treatment consists in the application of a therapeutic strategy of allogeneic transplantation as a potential curative procedure in a population of patients with chemoresistant acute leukemias. Therapeutic intervention, namely the conditioning regimen as well as GVHD prophylaxis, are based on regimens currently in standard use in the context of allogeneic transplantation.
The purpose of this prospective study is evaluate the best dose of busulfan for each patient undergoing Haematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
The cause of blood and bone marrow cancers is poorly understood; however, most research focuses on how cancer cells grow and develop. Because the causes of these cancers are unknown, current treatments may be unnecessarily harsh and often do not provide a cure. Identifying the causes of blood cancers would allow for the development of treatments that are more likely to provide a cure. To find the causes of blood and bone marrow cancers, we will look for specific cancer cell abnormalities that are responsible for cancer cell growth. We will then look to see if drugs that can reverse these abnormalities can kill cancer cells.
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a rapidly fatal malignancy of the bone marrow. It can be treated with chemotherapy alone, in some cases, but in the majority of cases, the only treatment that can cure the disease is an allogeneic stem cell transplant, with a cure rate of 30-40%. In another subset, the disease is less responsive to chemotherapy and in these aggressive forms, its cure rate is no better than 20% beyond 2 years, and is usually rapidly fatal within 6 months. Therefore, for this most aggressive form of the disease, modifications to the transplant protocol are required in order to try to improve on these poor results. There are a number of areas within the transplant protocol on which modifications can be made in order to achieve these goals. These include: higher doses of chemotherapy and or radiation; alterations of the new bone marrow graft; and alterations of the immune suppression, enhancing the graft vs. leukemia effect. By focusing on one or more of these components, one might be able to enhance the anti-leukemic aspect of the treatment resulting in a more successful outcome. One aspect the investigators, in Ottawa, have focused on is the initial intensive conditioning regimen, specifically the radiation component. It is the investigators belief that in the most resistant disease it is important to use the highest tolerable anti-leukemic treatment upfront, specifically, enhancing the radiation component of the initial conditioning regimen. Previous studies have suggested that higher doses of radiation might be more effective at eliminating the disease, however, toxicity and logistics of delivering the radiation have limited its use. Technical advances in the delivery of radiation have now permitted the safer use of high doses of radiation. Through modifications to the transplant procedure, the investigators believe that they can deliver higher doses of radiation safely and this will translate into improved outcomes in this high-risk subgroup of patients with AML. Study Objectives The goal of this study is to determine if a total dose of 18Gy ED-TBI followed by an alloHSCT for patients with refractory AML will result in an improved progression-free survival.
The aim of our prospective and multicentre diagnostic study is therefore to elucidate on the sensitivity and specificity rates of these serologic markers in combination with molecular tools (both an Aspergillus specific and a multifungal PCR based assay), as serologic mark-ers are not pathogen-specific, and furthermore to define species-specific cut-off values for BDG in BAL samples. Additionally, if genomic material of Aspergillus fumigatus is detected by PCR in a clinical sample, we investigate fungal DNA for point mutations in the cyp51A gene mediating resis-tance against common mould-active triazoles with novel rapid, sensitive and specific, non-culture-based PCR-assays and sequencing to optimize antifungal treatment as early as pos-sible.
Chemotherapy induced nausea is a common side effect for children undergoing chemotherapy. Furthermore, chemotherapy-induced vomiting is a major factor limiting quality of life during treatment reported by paediatric cancer survivors. Complete prevention of both nausea and vomiting is the goal of anti-vomiting and nausea medications. It is important to understand whether or not certain chemotherapeutic treatments are more or less likely to cause these symptoms. Acute leukemia is the most common cancer diagnosed in children. Intrathecal methotrexate is an important part of chemotherapy for the prevention and treatment of central nervous system leukemia over the 2.5 to 3.5 years of the treatment program for leukemia. The likelihood that intrathecal methotrexate administered as monotherapy will cause nausea and vomiting has not yet been described in children. Knowledge of the likelihood that intrathecal methotrexate will cause nausea and vomiting will therefore be important to optimize treatment for these side-effects of chemotherapy. The primary aim of this prospective study is to evaluate the potential of intrathecal methotrexate to cause nausea and vomiting in paediatric cancer patients.
For patients with hematologic malignancies undergoing allogeneic myeloablative (MA) HCT with a T cell depleted graft, the infusion of naturally occurring regulatory T cells with conventional T cells (T cell add back) in pre-defined doses and ratios will reduce the incidence of acute graft vs host disease while augmenting the graft vs leukemia effect and improving immune reconstitution.
This is a pilot clinical trial to assess the feasibility and efficacy of expanding umbilical cord blood derived blood stem cells for transplantation using a combination of chemical factors and stromal co-culture. Bone marrow (BM) mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) will be obtained from a separate bone marrow donor. One cord blood unit will be expanded by this method while another cord blood unit will be infused without manipulation. The expanded cord blood unit will help boost the initial recovery of blood counts after transplantation, though it is expected that the unexpanded cord blood unit will provide the cells which will lead to long term engraftment of blood stem cells. A third cord blood unit will be identified for standby should the cord blood unit expansion fail.
Lenalidomide is a drug that alters the immune system and it may also be directly toxic to tumor. Therefore, in theory, it may reduce or prevent the growth of cancer cells or directly kill them. We will be studying how lenalidomide can be used to decrease bone marrow blast cells in preparation for a bone transplant.