View clinical trials related to Urinary Tract Infection.
Filter by:The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of diagnostic algorithm for urinary tract infection (UTI) on appropriate prescribing of antibiotics and use of diagnostics for patients with symptoms of urinary tract infection consulting their general practitioner. 70 general practices participating in an observational study regarding UTI are randomized to either receiving a diagnostic algorithm or not receiving anything additional. The study is observational on the patient level and interventional on the practice level.
To demonstrate non-inferiority of a non-antibiotic therapy with CLR versus an antibiotic treatment with fosfomycin trometamol in women suffering from acute lower uUTIs as measured by the proportion of patients who received an additional antibiotic treatment for acute lower uUTIs during the trial.
Measuring serum and urine concentrations of ciprofloxacin after IV and oral administration in children aged 3 months - 17 years who are treated for urinary tract infections.
Randomize trial by including patients up to 12 months old in whom a urine sample by a non-sterile method was requested under physician criteria. Intention-to-treat analysis was made. Urine dipstick was considered as altered if it was positive in leukoesterase test (≥2+) or nitrite test. In patients with an altered urine dipstick, a sterile sample was obtained for culture. If there was an initial altered urine dipstick with a subsequent negative urine culture it was considered as contaminated urine.
Urinalysis and urine culture are commonly employed laboratory tests in the Emergency Department (ED), particularly for the purposes of investigating febrile infants in whom bacterial etiologies must be ruled out. The standard of care for obtaining sterile urine specimens in this age group remains transurethral bladder catheterization, an invasive procedure that is painful and has the potential for causing specimen contamination and iatrogenic urinary tract infection (UTI). A recent study by Herreros Fernández et al (2013) described a novel bladder stimulation technique for newborns that facilitates midstream urine collection. The success rate for this procedure was 86.3%. It remains unknown however as to whether this technique is reproducible amongst infants who present to the ED with a potentially greater severity of illness. The primary objective of this study is to determine the success rate of this technique in children ≤ 90 days old in the ED.
Approximately, 3% of males and 8% of females will develop a urinary tract infection (UTI) during childhood, and most of these will be effectively treated by short-term antibiotic therapy. A subset of these children (20-48%), will develop recurrent UTI (RUTI), which may have long-term effects in the form of hypertension or renal damage. In an effort to prevent RUTIs physicians prescribe sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (Septra) or nitrofurantoin as low dose antibiotic prophylaxis. However, recent evidence suggests that during prophylactic therapy the body is exposed to antibiotic levels capable of increasing antibiotic resistance and bacterial virulence. This has been shown to be true in the uropathogens E. coli and Staphylococcus saprophyticus, yet it is not known if Enterococcus sp. demonstrate similar mechanisms. Additionally, antibiotics have been shown to disrupt the natural balance of the human microbiome, potentially leading to major long term problems. As a uropathogen, enterococci consistently rank in the top 3 causes of RUTI, especially in children under 3 years of age. Additionally, Enterococcus is notorious for developing antibiotic resistance and studies have shown that children with enterococcal UTIs exhibit a higher rate of recurrence than those with non-enterococcal UTIs. The investigators hypothesize the current practice of antibiotic prophylaxis in children with RUTI is detrimental and can change the bacterial and sensitivity profiles of these patients.
According to the World Health Organization, hundreds of millions of patients are affected by health-care associated infections worldwide each year, resulting in prolonged hospital stays, long-term disabilities, deaths, and financial losses for health systems. The most common hospital-acquired infection is Urinary Tract Infection (UTI), accounting for almost 40% of all nosocomial infections. Most hospital-acquired UTIs are associated with catheterization. In fact, urinary catheter-related bacteriuria is the most common health care associated infection worldwide. Catheter-associated UTI (CAUTI) develops following adhesion of planktonic bacteria to the surface of the catheter and colonization, creating a persistent environment called a biofilm. The nature of biofilm structure together with the physiological attributes of biofilm organisms confers an inherent resistance to various antimicrobial agents such as antibiotics, disinfectants or germicides, augmenting the potential of these pathogens to cause infections in catheterized patients. Nitric oxide (NO) is a naturally-produced gas molecule with broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. NO is used in the clinics to treat pulmonary hypertension in neonates and adults. Studies have shown that low-dose NO is associated with prevention of biofilm formation, biofilm dispersal and elimination of bacteria. It is suggested that NO prevents bacteria attachment to catheter surfaces and inhibits biofilm formation in a mechanism involving reduction and modification of proteins that mediate cell-substrate and cell-cell interactions. The investigators team, using a proprietary technology impregnate urinary catheters with NO (i.e. NO-impregnated catheters). These catheters release low concentration of NO following exposure to urine over a 14-day period. In vitro studies showed that NO-impregnated catheters prevent bacterial colonization and biofilm formation of Escherichia coli on exterior and luminal surfaces of the catheters. In addition, NO released from these catheters is able to eradicate up to 4log colony forming unit/ml of bacteria within the surrounding media. Moreover, NO-impregnated catheters exhibit superior performance compared to silver-coated catheters, and similar anti-infective properties compared to antibiotic-coated catheters. Primary objectives: To assess the safety and tolerability of NO-impregnated catheters in patients older than 18 years old undergoing radical prostatectomy and catheterized for 7-14 days.
This study will include women who will undergo pelvic reconstructive surgery and/or anti-incontinence sling procedures. Patients will be randomized to the combination of L-methionine, Hibiscus Sabdariffa and Boswellia Leaf Extract in tablet or placebo twice a day during the seven days before and after surgery (total of 14 days). In this randomized, double-blind study, the investigators will assess treatment of clinically suspected or culture-proven urinary tract infections within 3 weeks of surgery (primary outcome), and risk factors for treatment for postoperative urinary tract infections (secondary outcomes) between the two study groups.
Objective: The study aim to establish high risk admission model and readmission model for elderly in Taiwan. Method: Investigators compare the clinical, epidemiological, and socioeconomic characteristics of admitted patients during 1 August,2011 to 31 July,2012. All patients will follow up to end of study to identify 14 days readmission and 30 days readmission to geriatic ward. Expected Outcomes: (1) To compare the prediction value of derivation cohort and validation cohort. (2) To identify high risk indicators of admission and readmission for elderly. (3) To determine the risk factors in admission elderly association with quality indicators.
Endoscopic correction of VUR has gained its popularity due to its less invasiveness, associated low morbidity and short hospital stay. Although short term follow-up had justified their efficacy; however, long term recurrence and complications following endoscopic correction were also being reported in the literatures (6). Currently, there are insufficient evidences on the efficacy and safety of biocompatible tissue augmenting materials used for endoscopic correction of VUR; particularly on the new tissue bulking agents. (6) Polyacrylate polyalcohol copolymer (PPC)-Vantris ® (Promedon, Cordoba, Argentina) is the newest tissue augmenting biocompatible Acrylics used for endoscopic correction of VUR.