Contrast-enhanced Ultrasound Versus CT Scan for Kidney Stone Patient Management

Ultrasonography Clinical Trial

— CEUS  

Official title:

Contrast-enhanced Ultrasound Versus CT Scan for Kidney Stone Patient

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Withdrawn

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT03058614
• Other study ID #: 17-21497
• Secondary ID: R21DK109433
• Status: Withdrawn
• Phase: Phase 2
• Start date: June 30, 2017
• Est. completion date: May 2, 2022

Study information

• Verified date: June 2022
• Source: University of California, San Francisco
• Contact: n/a
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Study type: Interventional

Clinical Trial Summary

This study will be a randomized controlled study comparing the use of two clinical management strategies in nephrostomy tube management following percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL). The first strategy entails using contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) to evaluate the renal collecting system (1). This is a new imaging approach applying ultrasound machines with special software in combination with intraluminal ultrasound contrast agent (Lumason) injection, which is an FDA-approved ultrasound contrast agent (2). The second strategy is a nephrostomy tube capping trial combined with low dose non-contrast computed tomography (CT) scan, one of the most frequently utilized clinical management strategies currently used in clinical practice (3).

Description:

This is a multi-center, randomized controlled study comparing the use of CEUS to CT scan plus capping trial immediately following PCNL. A total recruitment target of 1,046 subjects is planned and participants will be randomized into one of the two study arms. 1. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) arm: On postoperative day 1 (unless not clinically indicated), each subject will undergo CEUS with an administration of Lumason via their pre-placed nephrostomy tube. 2. Non-contrast CT scan plus capping trial arm: On postoperative day 1 (unless not clinically indicated), subjects' pre-placed nephrostomy tube will be capped and they will undergo a low dose non-contrast abdominal CT scan. Subsequently, nephrostomy tubes will be managed based on the results from these studies by the treating surgeon. Screening data will be reviewed to determine subject eligibility. Subjects who meet all inclusion criteria and none of the exclusion criteria will be entered into the study. The following investigational regimen will be used only in the CEUS arm: Experimental Investigation: Lumason at a 2 mL single dose, repeatable once at the time of imaging as needed. Subjects will be exposed to the randomization schema for 1 day during which they will undergo one of the two diagnostic imaging pathways. After that imaging study is complete, clinical care will proceed as per norm. Clinical and imaging data will be prospectively collected from the time of initial presentation until 6 months after surgery. The total duration of the study is expected to be 5 years to reach target accrual. Therefore, the investigators anticipate that the total duration of this study will be 4 years and 6 months for patient recruitment with the final 6 months used for collecting follow up data.

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Withdrawn
• Enrollment: 0
• Est. completion date: May 2, 2022
• Est. primary completion date: May 2, 2022
• Accepts healthy volunteers: No
• Gender: All
• Age group: 18 Years and older

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

• Age of 18 years or older.
• Renal and/or ureteral stone of any size diagnosed either by ultrasound or CT scan and requiring surgical treatment with percutaneous removal (PCNL).

Exclusion Criteria:

• A second stage PCNL is planned or expected after surgery, entailing that postoperative tube management is pre-determined.
• Subjects with serious illness likely to cause death within the next 5 years, so as to exclude significant metabolic derangements that might lead to adverse surgical outcome.
• Subjects with a history of hypersensitivity reactions to sulfur hexafluoride lipid microsphere components or to any of the inactive ingredients in Lumason
• Pregnancy, which is a contraindication to both CT scan and ultrasound contrast injection.

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Kidney Calculi
• Nephrolithiasis
• Ultrasonography

Intervention

Drug:
• CEUS
In subjects randomized into the CEUS arm, 2 mL of Lumason will be injected as a single dose via a nephrostomy tube at the time of postoperative renal ultrasound, following by 5 mL of normal saline flush. Subjects will be given up to one additional dose injected in the same fashion as indicated during the imaging study to confirm opacification of the ureter.

Diagnostic Test:
• Non-contrast CT scan
The CT scan performed in this study arm is regularly performed to evaluate the kidney and look for residual stones after surgery both at UCSF and around the world. It does not require contrast injection, so risks from contrast allergy or any injection are absent. A low dose protocol will be used, and therefore, subjects will be exposed to a very small amount of ionizing radiation as low as 1-2 mSv if randomized into this arm.
• Capping trial
Subjects who are randomized into this study arm will undergo both nephrostomy tube capping and a low dose non-contrast CT scan on the first day after surgery. Successfully passing a capping trial is defined as the absence of fever, worsened flank pain, and leakage around the nephrostomy tube within 4 hours after capping the tube.

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
n/a

Sponsors (3)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
University of California, San Francisco	National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), Oregon Health and Science University

References & Publications (3)

Chi T, Usawachintachit M, Mongan J, Kohi MP, Taylor A, Jha P, Chang HC, Stoller M, Goldstein R, Weinstein S. Feasibility of Antegrade Contrast-enhanced US Nephrostograms to Evaluate Ureteral Patency. Radiology. 2017 Apr;283(1):273-279. doi: 10.1148/radiol.2016160959. Epub 2016 Oct 19. — View Citation

Lumason: Prescribing Information [Internet]. [cited 2017 Jan 21]. Available from: http://www.braccoimaging.com/us-en/products-and-solutions/contrast-enhanced-ultrasound/lumason/prescribing-information

Sountoulides P, Metaxa L, Cindolo L. Is computed tomography mandatory for the detection of residual stone fragments after percutaneous nephrolithotomy? J Endourol. 2013 Nov;27(11):1341-8. doi: 10.1089/end.2012.0253. Epub 2013 Jul 9. Review. — View Citation

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Primary	Radiation exposure dose	For radiation exposure dose measurement in this study, the investigators will use dose metrics obtained from the Digital Imaging and Communications within the scanners or Picture Arching and Communication system (PACS).	6 months following surgery
Secondary	Rate of adverse clinical events	Defined as postoperative complications and any unplanned surgery related to the patient's kidney stone	6 months following surgery