View clinical trials related to Toxemia.
Filter by:Neonatal bacterial sepsis is a major cause of mortality and morbidity and early antibiotic therapy is crucial for treatment success. Objective: To evaluate the effect of Procalcitonin-guided decision making on duration opf antibiotic therapy in suspected neonatal early-onset sepsis.
In this observational study, the NICHD Neonatal Research Network (NRN) is conducting surveillance of all infants born at NRN centers to identify all newborns who are diagnosed with early-onset sepsis (EOS) and/or meningitis. The study will: establish current hospital-based rates of EOS among term and preterm infants in the era of intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis; monitor the organisms associated with EOS and meningitis; compare asymptomatic and symptomatic infants by gestational age and pathogen; and monitor sepsis-associated mortality rates by pathogen group.
MicroRNA has been demonstrated to play a crucial role in regulating cell processes. Recently, microRNA was identified to exist in human serum or plasma, and it might be related to certain diseases. Several microRNAs are involved in sepsis, such as miR-146, miR-155, and so on. But whether serum miR-146 is present in serum of septic patients remains unknown. The present study was designed to identify the existence of specific microRNAs, which might be new markers for sepsis and its prognosis.
In the proposed study, the investigators plan to establish the burden of early onset (EO) neonatal sepsis in the newborn population born at Maela Refugee Camp over a two year period. Aims 1. Define the contribution of Group B streptococcus(GBS) to this problem by establishing: - The prevalence of maternal GBS carriage - The prevalence of culture positive and culture negative EO GBS sepsis - The perinatal risk factors for EO GBS cases 2. Through these data assess the potential for intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis using different strategies for reducing the burden of neonatal sepsis in this setting 3. To define the serotypes and antibiotic susceptibility profile of carried and invasive GBS strains 4. To evaluate the prevalence of serum antibodies to common GBS capsular serotypes in pregnant women in this population, the influence of carriage on serotype (ST)-specific antibody and the ST-specific antibody concentrations in the mothers of cases of confirmed and clinical GBS disease.
The primary aim is to establish the non-inferiority of several simplified, home-based antibiotic regimens compared to the standard course of parenteral antibiotics for the empiric treatment of suspected sepsis in Bangladeshi young infants whose parents refuse hospitalization. Three alternative regimens will be compared with a standard (reference) regimen of injectable procaine-benzyl penicillin and gentamicin once daily each for seven days. Alternative regimens are (1) injectable gentamicin once daily and oral amoxicillin twice daily for seven days; (2) injectable penicillin and gentamicin once daily for two days followed by oral amoxicillin twice daily for five days; and (3) injectable gentamicin once daily and oral amoxicillin twice daily for two days followed by oral amoxicillin twice daily for five days. Hypothesis The proportion who fails treatment will be 10 percent in the reference group and the alternative treatment groups. An alternative therapy will be considered non-inferior to the standard therapy if the failure rate in the alternative therapy exceeds the failure rate in the injectable therapy by less than 5 absolute percentage points. Secondary Objectives: - To identify baseline clinical predictors of treatment failure in severe infections in young infants. - To determine the proportion of relapse (young infants who were considered cured by day 7 but developed any of the signs of suspected severe infection by day 14).
Severe sepsis and septic shock are causes of admission in intensive care units.Modification of natriuretic peptid including NT-proBNP and cardiac autonomic nervous system alteration are reported in sepsis shock and severe sepsis and seems to link to patient prognosis admitted to intensive care units.
Severe sepsis and septic shock are diseases of infectious origin with a high risk of death. The purpose of this study is to determine whether the intravenous application of selenium (given as sodium-selenite) can reduce mortality in patients with severe sepsis or septic shock. Additionally, it is investigated, whether the measurement of procalcitonin - a marker of infection - can be used to guide anti-infectious measures in this disease.
Severe infection in the intensive care unit is common accounting for about 10% of admissions and has a death rate of approximately 40-50%. It is almost always associated with significant reductions in blood pressure. Administration of fluid often in large volumes is essential to normalize blood pressure and prevent failure of organs and death. Two common classes of fluid solutions are crystalloid fluids (salt based, normal saline) and colloid fluids (protein based, albumin). Due to its properties, the albumin fluid may remain in the vascular space better than the normal saline solution. Hence, there may be faster attainment of normal blood pressure as well as a reduction in failed organs and death. Preliminary clinical trial data suggests a potential for benefit with albumin in this setting but these findings require confirmation in a large clinical trial. There are few data to explain how albumin may exert its protective effects and lead to better outcomes for patients with severe infections. We will conduct a clinical study that will examine potential biological mechanisms for albumin's protective effects in 50 patients across 6 Canadian academic hospitals. We will also examine our ability to successfully recruit patients into this trial. This study will provide information that will help to understand the biological mechanisms of albumin in severe infection. The information gained will guide the investigative team for future fluid related mechanistic questions. The study will also provide essential information that will aid in the design and conduct of the future large clinical trial that will examine death as its primary outcome.
sRAGE, the soluble form of the receptor for advanced glycation end products, is a novel marker of alveolar epithelial type I cell injury, but is also involved in acute systemic inflammation. The purpose of this observational prospective study is to determine whether sRAGE could be used in an ICU setting as a potential diagnostic and prognostic marker during ALI/ARDS, regardless of associated severe sepsis or septic shock.
Acute leukemia is a life threatening illness that strikes people of all ages. In addition to surviving the direct effects of the disease, the treatment of leukemia generally requires chemotherapy which has its own burden. Infection is one of the most common secondary problems faced by these patients. Simple infections are common and easily treated with aggressive antibiotics. However, treated progressive infection leads to loss of vital organ function and is termed severe sepsis. Severe sepsis is associated with increased risk of death and the need for specialized care in the intensive care unit. Besides the appropriate use of antibiotics, little is known about what clinical and patient factors are associated with the development of severe sepsis. Recent evidence has suggested that certain practices like frequent transfusion of blood products and control of glucose levels effects outcome in critically ill patients. In addition, there have been advances in our knowledge of certain genes that may predispose people to severe infections. It is possible that these factors are important in people who are not yet critically ill, but are at risk for the development of severe sepsis. This observational study will look at genetic, clinical and therapeutic factors that are associated with the development of severe sepsis. This will help doctors understand what treatments may be helpful in preventing this serious complication.