View clinical trials related to Thyroid Neoplasms.
Filter by:Residents of certain villages in Kazakhstan were exposed during childhood to radioactive fallout from nuclear tests conducted at the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site (SNTS) between 1949 and 1962. Radiation doses to the thyroid from external and internal (i.e., ingested) radiation sources deposited as fallout are of interest because they may be jointly and differentially associated with increased risk of thyroid disease in this population. Objectives: To collect information about factors influencing radiation dose to the thyroid gland in children of two ethnic groups who were exposed to radioactive fallout from nuclear tests at the SNTS between 1949 and 1962. The two groups are Kazakhs (historically nomadic herders) and Europeans (typically descendants of Russian and German farmers). Eligibility: Women 70 years of age and older who had children or provided care to children during the 1950s. Men age 70 and older who were engaged in farming and care of dairy animals at the time of the nuclear tests. Design: In focus group format, participants are interviewed to collect information on the following at the time of nuclear tests: - Dairy consumption; - Source, storage and availability of milk and milk products; - Time that children of different ages and ethnic groups spent indoors; - Building material of houses and schools; - Herding, grazing and supplemental feed of dairy animals.
This phase I trial studies the side effects and best dose of photodynamic therapy using HPPH in treating patients who are undergoing surgery for primary or recurrent head and neck cancer. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) uses a drug, such as HPPH, that becomes active when it is exposed to a certain kind of light. When the drug is active, tumor cells are killed. Giving photodynamic therapy after surgery may kill any tumor cells that remain after surgery.
Phase II clinical trial assessing efficacy and toxicity of pretargeted radioimmunotherapy using anti-CEAxanti-DTPA bispecific antibody and di-DTPA-131I peptide in patients with reccurrence of medullary thyroid carcinoma (abnormal calcitonin level and biomarkers doubling time lower than 5 years)
The uptake of iodide by thyroid cells requires the expression of sodium iodide symporter (NIS). Thyroid benign and malignant tumors have low iodide uptake activity. Previous studies of NIS expression with RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry showed divergent data. NIS protein was overexpressed in thyroid cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the NIS transcript levels and its presence and localization in 30 samples of thyroid tumors (14 benign and 16 malignant) and in their surrounding non-tumoral tissues (NT), by real time RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry, respectively. Our results revealed lower gene expression in 78.6% of the benign tumors and 100% of the carcinomas when compared with the NT samples, using GHPDH as a housekeeping gene. Immunohistochemical staining revealed presence of NIS protein in 100% of the non-tumoral samples, 100% of the benign tumors and 93.75% of the malignant tumors. NIS protein was identified at basolateral membrane in 23.3% of non-tumoral samples, 14.3% of benign and 12.5% of malignant tumors. Stronger cytoplasmatic immunostaining of NIS protein was detected in 64.3% of benign tumors and in 87.5% of malignant tumors when compared to NT. Association between low gene expression and strong cytoplasmatic immunostaining was found in 50% of benign tumors and 87.5% of malignant tumors. We concluded that the reduced NIS gene expression in thyroid tumors associated with strong intracytoplasmatic staining may be due to its incapacity to migrate to cellular membrane.
The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between prognosis and fine needle aspiration cytology character of papillary thyroid cancer.
Most patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) are treated with therapeutic doses of radioiodine (131I) after initial surgery (total or near total thyroidectomy), aimed to destroy microscopic residual normal or tumoral thyroid cells and to facilitate the early detection of tumor recurrence based on serum thyroglobulin (Tg) measurement and 131I whole body scan (WBS) (1-5). Recently, preparation of patients for thyroid ablation with rhTSH and 3700 MBq of 131I on l-thyroxine (l-T4) therapy has been approved in Europe by the European Medicines Agency (EMEA) as an alternative to thyroid hormone withdrawal (6), after a randomized, controlled, multicenter study demonstrated that both methods of preparation are equally effective (with 100% rate of successful ablation) and that patients prepared with rhTSH received lower total body irradiation and experienced a better quality of life compared to those rendered hypothyroid (7). The present study was aimed to compare the efficacy of fixed activities of 1850 MBq versus 3700 MBq of 131I for post surgical thyroid ablation in DTC patients prepared with rhTSH (TSHα, Thyrogen®, Genzyme Therapeutics, Cambridge, MA) on l-T4 therapy.
The purpose of this study is to determine the safest dose of the multiple Raf kinase inhibitor (including c-Raf, B-Raf, and the activated mutant B-RafV600E) XL281, how often it should be taken, and how well subjects with cancer tolerate XL281. This study will also determine how the body reacts to XL281 when it is taken with and without food, and with and without Pepcid (famotidine), a drug that inhibits stomach acid production.
We aim to assess the incidence of oral and dental adverse events after high-dose radioiodine therapy for differentiated thyroid cancer.
Thyroidectomy followed by administration of large activities of 131-iodine (131I) is the treatment of choice for differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC). The serum thyroglobulin (Tg) measurement during hypothyroidism (offT4-Tg), just before radioiodine thyroid ablation, has proved to be effective for predicting persistent/recurrent disease. However, the Tg measurement cannot be used as a corresponding value for preablative offT4-Tg when rhTSH is used as stimulous before treatment. The present study was undertaken to evaluate if post-thyroidectomy Tg values, measured before rhTSH-stimulation and radioiodine administration, is of prognostic value in patients affected by DTC. We enrolled 28 patients with DTC and submitted to total thyroidectomy. Thyroxine (T4) treatment was started just after surgery to suppress TSH levels. Six to nine weeks later Tg levels were measured both basally (onT4-Tg) and after rhTSH (rhTSH-Tg) stimulation. Subsequently, T4 was stopped and serum Tg measured (offT4-Tg) just before 3700 MBq of 131I-iodide administration. A post-treatment whole body scan (PT-WBS) was performed and neck radioiodine uptake (RAIU) measured. A significant relationship was found between onT4-Tg and both rhTSH-Tg and offT4-Tg. The onT4-Tg levels of 0.2 ng/mL or higher predicted PT-WBS results with a 100% negative and 43% positive predictive values, respectively. Additionally onT4-Tg levels of 0.9 ng/mL or more predicts 12-months recurrences with 100% negative and 60% positive predictive value. In comparison, 1.0 ng/mL or higher offT4-Tg values predicted PT-WBS results and 12-months restaging with 94% and 100% negative and 45% and 27% positive predictive value, respectively. Basing on our data we conclude that preablative onT4-Tg may be of value as prognostic marker when rhTSH-aided radioiodine ablation is done. Additionally, the role of preblative onT4-Tg measurement as a yard-stick for radioiodine ablation should be further evaluate.
This is a study using sunitinib for patients ending treatment on a previous sunitinib malate protocol to continue to receive sunitinib. The patient must have been enrolled in one of the following studies: A6181030, A6181064, A6181078, A6181087, A6181094, A6181107, A6181108, A6181110, A6181111, A6181112, A6181113, A6181120, A6181126 and A6181170. Other Pfizer sponsored sunitinib studies may be included in the future.