View clinical trials related to Temporomandibular Joint.
Filter by:The aim of this randomized controlled trial is to determine the effect of Gold Fish exercises and cervico-thoracic postural correction training in patients with temporo-mandibular joint dysfunction to improve pain, ROM and maximum mouth opening of jaw.
Core stability strength & coordination is necessary to perform smooth & coordinated upper & lower extremity movements & function. Altered core stability muscle strength, coordination & poor motor control can cause low back pain (LBP). Physical therapists especially those working with children having neurodevelopmental problems or adults with neurological disorders such as stroke are aware of the concepts of global movements. In this concept, alterations in one body segment may bring changes in other body segments. In neurological rehabilitation, the concept of Neuro-Developmental Technique (NDT) introduced by Bobath got worldwide recognition. This concept states that there are specific key points in the neck, & shoulders that can facilitate normal movements by enhancing the activity of core musculature in functional movements for instance, sit to stand & walking. This concept was further explored by Burnstein and suggested that biomechanically body joints and motor control works together as functional unit and not as single limb movement. Bobath and proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) concepts further explained that movements of the eye, head and neck facilitate trunk movements. Electromyography studies have shown that both single and rhythmical jaw opening and closing movements not only produced well-coordinated jaw and head-neck movements but also produced atlanto-occipital and cervical spine joints movements. The author further concluded that mouth opening and closing in fetal yawning is associated with head extension-flexion movements indicating that functional connections between the jaw and head-neck is innate. A human jaw or masticatory system is connected to the motor system through cranial nerves unlike central motor system which is connected to the body through spinal motor system. Brainstem central pattern generator (CPG) control masticatory system through descending pathways and are involved in voluntary movements of the jaw such as mouth opening and closing. The higher brain centers cortical masticatory area and primary motor cortex control these movements. In the current back pain literature core stability exercises have been used in the management of chronic low back pain. The jaw is connected to the head-neck and neck is connected to the trunk. Therefore there is to study the effects of core stability exercises performed with and without jaw movements in the management of chronic low back pain.
The articular disc of temporomandibular joint and three muscles of the cervico-facial region (temporal, masseter, sternocleidomastoid) are evaluated by means of sonographic images to observe and measure their dimensions' changes after a dry needling intervention. The participants are asymptomatic subjects and will be randomly divided in 2 groups: half of them are treated on the right side of the face, while the other half on the left side. Our hypothesis is that ultrasonography can reveal changes in the structures measured on the treated side.
Temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD) are a common musculoskeletal problem with an estimated 40-75 percent of the population reporting at least one sign. Up to fifteen percent of the patients who seek care for one of these conditions, will go on to develop chronic pain. The two most common TMD conditions include myofascial pain disorder and internal derangement of the Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ). These two conditions have similar clinical presentations, making an accurate diagnosis difficult. Currently, there is no accurate exam or test to differentiate between these two conditions. Internal derangement of the TMJ is a condition with disk displacement, pain, and dysfunction, which may progress to localized osteoarthritis. Fortunately, this condition is self-limiting for the majority of the patients afflicted, with a small minority progressing to advanced joint destruction, disability and chronic pain.18 Currently there are no prognostic indicators to identify these individuals. There are three hypothesis of degenerative TMJ disease, they include: direct mechanical trauma, hypoxia reperfusion injuries, and neurogenic inflammation. All involve parafunctional habits such as clenching or grinding by the patient and a low-grade inflammatory response/synovitis. 18-fluorodeoxyglucose (18-FDG), a radioisotope used with positron emission tomography (PET) and paired with a CT scan (PET/CT), may have a role in imaging inflammation in arthritis as recently demonstrated in several pilot studies involving osteoarthritis of the knee and shoulder. 18-FDG accumulates in areas of increased metabolism, particularly activated leukocytes, as measured by increased standardized uptake value.2 PET/CT offers the unique advantage of showing active disease before anatomic damage is evident. Our hypothesis is that there is an increased uptake of 18-FDG on PET/CT in synovitis of the TMJ.
Muscles and myofascial dysfunction are more often the mechanism and source of pain in oral fascial disorders (OFD) than the TMJ. Masticatory muscles in patients with TMJ alterations are more hypertonic, less efficient and more prone to fatigue compared to age and sex matched controls. It is our opinion that Active Release Technique can be a reliable assessment and treatment tool in the resolution in cervical-cranio mandibular disorders. Our goal is to improve masticatory function through treatment of trigger points in the masseter.