The Use of Tranexamic Acid in the Treatment of Symptomatic Subdural Hematoma

Subdural Hematoma Clinical Trial

— TRACE  

Official title:

TRACE STUDY: A Randomized Controlled Trial Using Tranexamic Acid in the Treatment of Subdural Hematoma

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Not yet recruiting

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT05713630
• Other study ID #: 471164
• Status: Not yet recruiting
• Phase: Phase 3
• Start date: July 2024
• Est. completion date: July 2026

Study information

• Verified date: May 2024
• Source: Unity Health Toronto
• Contact: Michael D Cusimano, MD, PhD
• Phone: 416-864-5312
• Email: injuryprevention[@]smh.ca
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Study type: Interventional

Clinical Trial Summary

Subdural hematoma (SDH) is a common condition experienced after head injury. Blood collects on the surface of the brain, causing headaches which can progress to confusion, weakness, or even coma. While patients with SDH often receive surgery, not all patients require surgery right away to ease pressure on the brain. After surgery, there can be up to 30 percent chance of more bleeding and the need for more surgeries. Given this, a drug capable of lowering the chance of more bleeding and speeding the recovery of the patient is highly desirable. In this study, we will test a commonly used, cheap drug called Tranexamic Acid (TXA). While the body stops unwanted and sometimes dangerous bleeding naturally by forming blood clots, TXA stops these blood clots from breaking down, which helps to keep bleeding spots plugged. Our previous study showed that TXA helped speed up patients' recovery; but a larger number of patients is necessary to evaluate how well TXA works to reduce bleeding and improve patient-reported outcomes. In this study, regardless of the need for surgery, half of the patients will be randomly assigned to take TXA, while the other half will take a placebo, which is a look-alike substance that contains no active drug. We will measure multiple outcomes over time to determine if TXA is working and lowers healthcare and personal costs, while also taking blood and surgical samples, to better understand how this drug works in SDH patients.

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Not yet recruiting
• Enrollment: 130
• Est. completion date: July 2026
• Est. primary completion date: December 2025
• Accepts healthy volunteers: No
• Gender: All
• Age group: 45 Years and older

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

• Patients aged 45 and older weighing between 45-150 kg diagnosed with symptomatic SDH will be included. SDH is defined as unilateral or bilateral crescentic collection of blood (hyper, iso, or hypodense, or mixed density) of greater than or equals to 8 mm in thickness along the cerebral convexity on CT of the head. Symptomatic SDH patients eligible for inclusion are those with SDH with one or more of the following symptoms attributable to the SDH: headache, gait disturbance, confusion or cognitive decline, limb weakness or numbness/paresthesia, speech or visual disturbance, drowsiness or impaired consciousness, seizures, impaired cognition, or memory loss at the time of assessment.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Patients will be excluded for any of the following conditions:

1. Asymptomatic for longer than 72 hours

2. SDH less than 8 mm in maximal thickness

3. Have an acutely deteriorating neurological status (e.g., brain herniation with pupillary dilation, aneurysm rupture, etc.) that is likely to be fatal within 6 hours or less due to a predominantly acute SDH

4. Presence of brain contusion larger than 5 cubic centimeters or subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) thicker than 10 mm with Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS)< 13

5. Patients with primarily interhemispheric or tentorial SDH

6. Hypersensitivity to TXA or any of the placebo ingredients

7. Pregnancy

8. Irregular menstrual bleeding with unidentified cause

9. Known acquired colour vision disturbances

10. Hematuria caused by renal parenchymal disease

11. Acute and chronic renal insufficiency indicated by estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR) = 30 mL/min

12. Concomitant intake of birth control pill and/or hormonal replacement therapy, and anti-inhibitor coagulant concentrates (factor VIII inhibitor bypass activity (FEIBA), factor VII, activated factor IX)

13. Consumption coagulopathy/disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) in the last 7 days

14. Not competent to take study medication properly and regularly or not having access to caregiver that is able to comply with study medication administration

15. Mechanical heart valve

16. Contraindication to stopping full therapeutic doses of non-acetylsalicylic acid antiplatelets, warfarin, direct oral anticoagulant (e.g., apixaban) or other anticoagulant for 2 weeks after surgery or recent blood clot and/or recent thromboembolic complications in the last 2 weeks

17. SDH caused by intracranial hypotension

18. Known thrombophilia (e.g., antiphospholipid syndrome)

19. Any active malignancy: metastatic cancer systemically or to the brain or a primary malignant brain tumour treated within the last 6 months

20. Previous enrolment in this trial for a prior episode

21. Time interval >3 days from the time of clinical assessment to eligibility assessment

22. Patients weighing <45 kg or >150 kg

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Hematoma
• Subdural Hematoma

Intervention

Drug:
• Tranexamic acid (TXA)
GD-Tranexamic Acid 500 mg oral tablet over-encapsulated to match the placebo. Sandoz-Tranexamic Acid 100 mg/mL solution for injection via intravenous (IV) added to a 100mL infusion bag of NaCl 0.9% and infused by slow intravenous injection over 20 minutes.
• Placebo
Placebo 500 mg consisting of an identical capsule to over-encapsulated tranexamic acid oral tablet entirely filled with microcrystalline cellulose, and sealed. Placebo 100 mg/mL solution for injection via intravenous (IV) consisting of 0.9% sodium chloride (saline).

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
Canada	St. Michael's Hospital	Toronto	Ontario

Sponsors (4)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
Unity Health Toronto	Applied Health Research Centre, Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR), The Physicians' Services Incorporated Foundation

Country where clinical trial is conducted

Canada, 

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* Note: There are 68 references in all — Click here to view all references

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Primary	European Quality of Life 5 Dimensions 5 Level Version (EQ-5D-5L)	A self-rated questionnaire that assesses a patient's health state in five dimensions: mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort, and anxiety/depression.	Every 2 weeks after randomization up to 45±10 days.
Secondary	Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Scale v1.2 - Global Health. English and French versions	A 10-item measure that assesses an individual's general physical, mental, and social health as it is intended to globally reflect individuals' assessment of their physical and mental health in the last 7 days.	Baseline and every 2 weeks after randomization up to 45±10 days, and then at 60-90 days, and 180±10 days after randomization.
Secondary	PROMIS Item Bank v2.0 - Cognitive Function. English version	A measure that assesses cognitive function that will be administered as a computer adaptive test.	Baseline and every 2 weeks after randomization up to 45±10 days, and then at 60-90 days, and 180±10 days after randomization.
Secondary	PROMIS Item Bank v2.0 - Physical Function. English version	A measure that assesses self-reported capability rather than actual performance of physical activities that will be administered as a computer adaptive test.	Baseline and every 2 weeks after randomization up to 45±10 days, and then at 60-90 days, and 180±10 days after randomization.
Secondary	PROMIS Item Bank v2.0 - Ability to Participate in Social Roles and Activities. English version	A measure that assesses the perceived ability to perform one's usual social roles and activities that will be administered as a computer adaptive test. The item bank does not use a time frame (e.g. over the past 7 days) when assessing ability to participate in social roles and activities.	Baseline and every 2 weeks after randomization up to 45±10 days, and then at 60-90 days, and 180±10 days after randomization.
Secondary	Subdural hematoma volume change	Change in hematoma volume in millilitres on CT scan.	Baseline, 45±10 days after randomization, and 60-90 days if deemed necessary for the patient's routine care.
Secondary	Number of subdural hematoma-related surgical interventions		First admission, subsequent admissions up to 180 days after randomization
Secondary	Recurrence rate of SDH		45±10 days, 60-90 days, and 180±10 days after randomization
Secondary	Mortality		During the course of study up to 180±10 days after randomization
Secondary	Modified Rankin Scale	A 6-point disability scale used to measure the degree of disability in patients who have had a stroke.	Baseline, 45±10 days, 60-90 days, and 180±10 days after randomization
Secondary	Disability Rating Scale	Eight questions regarding body function, activity, participation, communication, and movements each rated on a 3-5-point scale that is summed to give a total score.	Baseline, 45±10 days, 60-90 days, and 180±10 days after randomization
Secondary	Montreal Cognitive Assessment	This assessment evaluates the patient's cognition based on eight areas: visuospatial/executive function, naming, memory, attention, language, abstraction, delayed recall, and orientation.	Baseline, 45±10 days, and 60-90 days after randomization
Secondary	Medical Consumption Questionnaire	Health-related cost questionnaire on the use of healthcare in the past month.	Baseline, 45±10 days, and 180±10 days after randomization
Secondary	EQ-5D-5L	A self-rated questionnaire that assesses a patient's health state in five dimensions: mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort, and anxiety/depression.	Baseline, 60-90 days, and 180±10 days after randomization
Secondary	Adverse events	Adverse events of grade 3 or higher as defined by Good Clinical Practice Guidelines.	Discharge, 45±10 days, 60-90 days, and 180±10 days after randomization
Secondary	Length of stay in hospital due to subdural hematoma		During the course of the study up to 180±10 days after randomization
Secondary	Disposition after discharged from hospital		During the course of the study up to 180±10 days after randomization

External Links

•   Product Monograph for GD-Tranexamic Acid Tablets
•   Product Monograph for Sandoz-Tranexamic Acid Injection BP
•   Related Info