View clinical trials related to Sleep.
Filter by:Forgetting is often perceived as the inability to retain information, but in fact at least some memory deterioration is due to active suppression processes, that are behaviorally adaptive. These active processes are thought to involve new, inhibitory learning, suggesting that sleep may serve to enhance them as it does other forms of learning. If this were the case, sleep may be harnessed to weaken non-adaptive memories in a manner that may be beneficial for healthy and clinical populations suffering from memory-related symptoms of disorders such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). To test this idea, this suggested nap study will incorporate specific memories in a suppression context during sleep monitored by encephalography (EEG). First, participants will take part in an item-based directed forgetting task, in which they will be exposed to different words, immediately followed by instructions to either remember the preceding word or not. The instructions will be conveyed using two distinct odors. In fact, the purpose of this first part would be to cement the associations of these odors with the instructions. Next, in an unrelated task, participants will learn the spatial locations of images on a screen. These images will be presented along with congruent sounds (e.g., cat - meow). During a subsequent nap, some of these sounds will be unobtrusively presented along with one of the two previously learned odors or along with a novel odor. In a final spatial-location test, memory for the images whose sounds were presented along with the "forget" odor during sleep is expected to be worse than for the images that were not cued. Memory for the locations of the images whose sounds were presented with one of the two other odors during sleep are expected to improve, possibly more so for the sounds presented with the "remember" odor relative to those presented with the novel odor. If successful, these results would be a first step towards interventions that may serve to selectively weaken memory during sleep.
Memory benefits from sleep and these benefits are putatively achieved through reactivation of the neural memory trace during sleep. Studies examining the effects of reactivation commonly focus on single, isolated items - but real-life memories never exist in a vacuum. Individual memories are bound to the context (e.g., the location, time and state of mind in which they are encoded) and this context is later reinstated to recall the details related to the memory. The question of how context participated in the process of sleep reactivation has never been directly examined. This experiment will monitor brain activity during memory encoding, sleep and finally retrieval to investigate the role context plays in sleep-related memory consolidation. Monitoring will be done using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and electroencephalographic (EEG) recordings. Participants will go through a series of training trials, in which they will have to learn to associate several small images of items or animals with a larger image of scenes - and also learn the spatial location of these smaller images on the screen. The order of the presented images and the scenes in which they are embedded will remain constant throughout training, creating a solid, consistent temporal context in which item memories will be embedded. After training, participants will receive a 90 minute nap opportunity, during which the sounds associated with specific images will be unobtrusively presented. I expect memory for the spatial location of the cued images to improve. Importantly, I hypothesize that this effect will carry over to other items associated with the same scene (i.e., embedded in the same context) and that the temporal order in which the images were learned will govern this effect. I will use the EEG and fMRI data to estimate, on the basis of neuronal pattern activity, the level of contextual reinstatement and will build on these data, in combination with the behavioral results, to model the level of contextual involvement during sleep. These results could pave the way towards a unified theory of sleep's role in memory consolidation, which would encompass computational models of context and memory as well.
The context in which memories are encoded is a major factor influencing how memories are organized. Individual memories are bound to the context (e.g., the location, time and state of mind in which they are encoded) and this context is later reinstated to recall the details related to the memory. Although the role of context has been explored with regard to memory encoding and retrieval, its role during sleep-related memory consolidation has not been explored. Memories are thought to be reactivated during sleep, subsequently benefitting from the process. This study will use encephalography (EEG) in humans to consider several competing hypotheses regarding context's role in sleep reactivation, thereby enhancing the current understanding of how reactivation of memory over sleep relates to models of context and memory. Participants will learn to associate pictures of scenes to different sounds and to smaller images of items and animals, and then learn the spatial locations of these smaller images on a grid. Crucially, for half of these scenes, the sounds themselves will then also be linked directly to some of images during training. The associated sounds will then be unobtrusively presented during sleep, in a manner that has been shown to improve associated memories. The subsequent memory benefits will reveal whether (1) all images associated with the cued scene will benefit from cuing, demonstrating a context-reactivation effect; (2) only the images directly associated with presented sound will benefit from the cuing, demonstrating a item-reactivation effect; or (3) some composite of these two models. Regardless of which hypothesis is correct, the results will expand our current understanding regarding the role context plays in sleep consolidation.
Approximately 1/3 of Americans sleep ≤6h per night, an amount that has been deemed sub-optimal by the American Academy of Sleep Medicine and Sleep Research Society, the National Sleep Foundation, American Thoracic Society, and the American Heart Association. These consensus statements echo findings from many reviews on this topic. This is alarming, given epidemiologic and experimental research showing that reduced sleep time is associated with a variety of negative health outcomes including obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and mortality. Different people may need different amounts of sleep. And some people may not be able to make large changes to their sleep schedule all at once. Many individuals have situational constraints that change over time. As such, short sleep represents an unmet public health problem. There are, however, no empirically supported interventions for insufficient sleep. The proposed study addresses this critical gap by evaluating the efficacy of a novel intervention that is theoretically grounded, feasible, and has positive impacts on sleep duration. The intervention in the proposed study is by design self-correcting, individually-tailored, and not dependent on unknown individual sleep needs. It can adapt to any schedule and situation and can adapt to changes in a person's sleep schedule. The main goal of this study is to evaluate whether a manually determined sleep extension intervention is effective at improving sleep and related outcomes among adults who find it difficult to get enough sleep.
The present study aims to examine the effects of Xbox Kinect exercise training program on the sleep quality, anxiety and functional capacity in older adults. Older adults were randomized into two groups. The XBOX group performed exercise with Xbox Kinect during 60 min, three times/week for 6 weeks. The CONTROL group did not exercise. Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index was used to evaluate sleep quality, anxiety symptoms by the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, and the functional capacity was analyzed using following tests: Chair Stand Test, 8-Foot Up and Go Test, and 6-min Walk Test.
This is an observational study of the relationship between perioperative sleep time/quality, synovial fluid cytokine profiles, and clinical outcomes of primary ACL reconstruction with BPTB autograft in 50 subjects. Sleep during the week before and month after surgery will be assessed using Fitbit smartwatch and sleep diary. Synovial fluid sampled preoperatively, intraoperatively, and postoperatively will be analyzed for levels of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Postoperative knee pain and function will be assessed until 2 years post-op using validated questionnaires.
The primary aim of this study is to examine whether lower-risk activities displace participation in higher-risk behaviors during COVID-19. Investigators will test this aim by promoting specific activities that are expected to be low-risk when it comes to COVID-19 transmission (e.g., participating in a hiking challenge) and assessing impacts on participants' activity choices. Investigators also aim to describe adults' activity participation during COVID-19 generally and to examine secondary outcomes, including reported stress and sleep.
Sleep duration has received much attention in recent years due to strong evidence that not enough sleep can increase risk for a number of diseases and disorders. Research is emerging that too much sleep also has a negative impact on health, particularly higher risk for myocardial infarction and stroke. The investigators hypothesize that long duration sleep has the ability to impair peripheral and cerebral vascular function in middle-aged to older adults.
Adolescent sleep deprivation is becoming increasingly recognized internationally as a significant health concern. This project will be the first to use a unique approach of actively involving adolescents as real life experts in the development of interventions to improve sleep behaviour (using a participatory health research methodology) and to evaluate the effectiveness of these interventions (using a randomised controlled trial).
The research was carried out in randomized controlled experimental type in order to determine the effect of light in ICU on patients' sleep quality and physiological parameters. The cases were assigned to the experimental and control groups according to the simple randomization method. The research universe; Between May 2019 and December 2019, sick individuals who were admitted to the 5 isolation rooms in the Reanimation Intensive Care clinic in the education and research hospital in Istanbul were formed. The research sample is; As a result of the power made for the study to be experimentally designed; a total of 148, with a minimum of 74 for each group. In collecting data; Patient Information Form, Numerical Pain Rating Scale, Richards Campbell Sleep Scale, Glaskow Coma Scale, Richmond Agitation Sedation Scale, Bedside Monitors were used to measure physiological parameters. The data obtained as a result of the research were made using the package program named SPSS (IBM SPSS Statistics 24).