Sepsis Clinical Trial
Official title:
A Prospective, Randomized, Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Periodic, Brief Ethanol Locks to Prevent Peripherally-Inserted Central Catheter (PICC) Infections in Preterm Infants in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
NCT number | NCT01365312 |
Other study ID # | NeonatalELT |
Secondary ID | |
Status | Terminated |
Phase | N/A |
First received | May 31, 2011 |
Last updated | October 2, 2014 |
Start date | February 2010 |
Verified date | October 2014 |
Source | East Carolina University |
Contact | n/a |
Is FDA regulated | No |
Health authority | United States: Institutional Review Board |
Study type | Interventional |
Appropriate delivery of adequate nutrition and medications in premature infants often
requires central venous access in the form of a special IV called a PICC (peripherally
inserted central catheter). While a necessary feature of neonatal intensive care, PICCs pose
significant risk: among the most serious of these is infection. One common, successful
infection control practice used in older children and adults involves the use of a lock, in
which a fluid-filled syringe is attached to the end of an IV when it is not in use in order
to prevent and/or treat clotting or infection. The solution is left for some period of time
and is then either withdrawn from the line or flushed into the patient. The solution could
be saline, antibiotics, other antiseptics, or any combination of these. However in the
premature infant, use of antibiotics as a locking compound risks leaving behind organisms
resistant to treatment; antiseptics can irritate vessels and cause breakage to sensitive
premature skin; saline has neither sterilization nor anti-infective properties. By contrast,
ethanol neutralizes or kills most bacteria, viruses, and fungi without the risk of
resistance, and because it is not externally applied there is no risk to baby skin.
Ethanol-based lock protocols have been used safely and effectively in both adult and
pediatric populations without adverse effects, but this has not been tested in premature
babies because fluids and medication are delivered continuously: placement of a lock
traditionally requires an extended pause (hours or days) in fluid and medication
administration.
To overcome these key limitations, a periodic, brief ethanol lock protocol was designed such
that both infant exposure and interruptions to fluid and medication delivery would be
minimized. The lock is practical, cheap, easy to place, and takes advantage of an existing
daily pause during which IV tubing and fluids hooked up to the PICC are changed. The
objective of this study is to test the hypothesis that use of a 70% ethanol lock, every 3rd
day, for 15 minutes, will safely and effectively reduce PICC infection in our unit.
Status | Terminated |
Enrollment | 10 |
Est. completion date | |
Est. primary completion date | June 2011 |
Accepts healthy volunteers | No |
Gender | Both |
Age group | N/A to 32 Weeks |
Eligibility |
Inclusion Criteria: - Preterm infants < 32 weeks gestation at birth who require a PICC Exclusion Criteria: - Any baby with a positive blood culture less than 48 hours prior to PICC placement; any infant who requires pressors in excess of >5 mcg/kg/min |
Allocation: Randomized, Endpoint Classification: Safety/Efficacy Study, Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment, Masking: Double Blind (Subject, Caregiver, Investigator, Outcomes Assessor), Primary Purpose: Prevention
Country | Name | City | State |
---|---|---|---|
United States | East Carolina University | Greenville | North Carolina |
Lead Sponsor | Collaborator |
---|---|
East Carolina University |
United States,
Type | Measure | Description | Time frame | Safety issue |
---|---|---|---|---|
Primary | Incidence of PICC-related sepsis in infants with ethanol-treated vs. Placebo treated lines | Primary endpoint of the study is to compare the incidence of PICC-related sepsis in infants with ethanol treated vs. Placebo treated lines by study day 28. PICC-related sepsis is defined by any 2 clinical signs or symptoms plus one positive peripheral blood culture for a recognized pathogen in this population other than coagulase-negative staphylococcus, or 2 positive peripheral blood cultures for coagulase-negative staphylococcus within 48 hours. | Study Day #28 or sooner if PICC is discontinued before day #28 | No |
Secondary | Evaluation of PICC colonization following ethanol locking | PICC colonization is reflected by growth of >15 CFU from a 5-cm segement of the PICC tip by semiquantitative (roll-plate) culture, or growoth of >100 CFU by quantitative (sonication) broth culture in an otherwise asymptomatic patient. | Duration of PICC use, average of 3 weeks | No |
Secondary | Whether the primary and secondary endpoints differ by birthweight strata | Birthweight stratification will use a 3-tiered subset (<1000g, 1000-1250g, and >1250g) consistent with existing neonatal literature. | Duration of PICC use, average of 3 weeks | No |
Secondary | To determine whether ethanol lock treatment impacts incidence of clinical evaluations for suspected sepsis | Other evaluations for suspected sepsis are those not defined by the primary endpoint but meeting criteria for infection of some other sterile body fluid (urine or CSF). | Duration of PICC use, average of 3 weeks | No |
Secondary | To determine whether antibiotic use for any indication (including non-bacteremia) alters the incidence of PICC-related infection or colonization as defined in the primary and secondary endpoints | See above | Duration of PICC use, average of 3 weeks | No |
Secondary | Determine side effects of ethanol locking in premature babies | To determine the side effects of flushing ethanol locks into premature infants following lock therapy, if any | Duration of PICC use, average of 3 weeks | Yes |
Secondary | To determine effect of ethanol locking on neonatal PICC lines | To determine how ethanol locking affects central line function and integrity in vivo, if at all. | Duration of PICC use, average of 3 weeks | Yes |
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