Rheumatoid Arthritis Clinical Trial
Official title:
Mussels, Inflammation and Rheumatoid Arthritis (MIRA)
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic disease that affects ~1% of the population. A large proportion of patients with established disease have persistent high disease activity in spite of existing effective pharmacological treatment. Improved treatment is thus urgently needed, including alternative treatments in addition to optimal pharmacological therapy. The main purpose of this study is to investigate if a high intake of blue mussel (Mytilus Edulis) could decrease inflammation and disease activity in patients with established RA. A secondary goal is to identify novel biomarkers for blue mussel intake and metabolic responses to this diet, using a metabolomics approach with high sensitivity and specificity. A third goal is to look at genetic polymorphisms in relation to long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) and inflammatory markers.
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic disease that affects ~1% of the population. A large
proportion of patients with established disease have persistent high disease activity in
spite of existing effective pharmacological treatment. Improved treatment is thus urgently
needed, including alternative treatments in addition to optimal pharmacological therapy. The
main purpose of this study is to investigate if a high intake of blue mussel (Mytilus Edulis)
could decrease inflammation and disease activity in patients with established RA. A secondary
goal is to identify novel biomarkers for blue mussel intake and metabolic responses to this
diet, using a metabolomics approach with high sensitivity and specificity. A third goal is to
look at genetic polymorphisms in relation to LCPUFA and inflammatory markers.
Diet and lifestyle are associated with chronic diseases such as cardiovascular diseases,
cancer and diabetes. Here, evidence based dietary treatment guidelines are available. In
contrast, for inflammatory diseases such as RA no dietary guidelines exist, reflecting the
ambiguous evidence base. Many dietary components are related to the human immune system or to
inflammation. Some are co-factors in immune- or inflammatory response, such as zinc. Others
are antioxidants, eg selenium, vitamins E and C. RA has been associated with low serum
concentrations of zinc, selenium, vitamins D and B6 although some of this may reflect
inflammatory response. Dietary effects on RA symptoms have been reported for long chain fatty
acids from fish and probiotics have shown to improve function in RA patients. As prebiotics
reduce inflammation in other conditions, it may have positive effects also on RA. Most
research on antioxidants has focused on single nutrients but a few dietary trials also have
been conducted with mixed results. In sum, high-quality studies evaluating the effect of a
combination of food items with indicative effects on RA are needed.
Blue mussels are rich in vitamins (B2 and B12) and minerals (iron, selenium and zinc) and
contain the LCPUFA eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA).
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