View clinical trials related to Respiratory Tract Infections.
Filter by:A study to examine the duration of effect of PrEP-001 in healthy subjects challenged with HRV-16
This Phase 3 study is intended to assess the clinical lot-to-lot consistency in manufacturing by evaluating and comparing the immunogenicity of three consecutively manufactured lots of the Quadrivalent Virus-Like Particles (VLP) Influenza Vaccine, during the 2016-2017 influenza season, in healthy adults 18-49 years of age. A single dose of one of three consecutive lots of Quadrivalent VLP Influenza Vaccine (30 µg/strain) will be administered to 1,200 participants.
Sepsis is the body-wide response to infection. People who develop sepsis have an increased risk of dying. One of the greatest challenges in sepsis is determining what is the pathogen (bacteria or virus for example) in a timely manner so the most specific antibiotics can be given to treat the infection. Patients presenting to the hospital and the intensive care unit often have lung infections. In this study the investigators plan to develop new techniques to rapidly (less than 6 hours) identify bacteria growing in the airways of patients on ventilators. The investigators will obtain these samples by suctioning the airways (a routine procedure) and comparing the bacterial cultures grown by novel culture media with the usual techniques in the hospital microbiology laboratory. At the same time the investigators will collect a blood sample. This blood sample will be used to isolate the bacterial genetic material and use this to compare with bacteria grown on the culture media from the clinical and the research laboratory. The investigators will also collect information on the patient's course in hospital. These pilot study results will allow us to integrate this new technique into routine patient care.
A randomized parallel-group two arm superiority trial with an allocation ratio 1:1, both participants and investigators blinded. The zinc lozenge that will be used in the study is a commercial product available from the University Pharmacy, Helsinki, Finland. The product is classified as a "medical device" and it is not regulated according to the jurisdiction for medicines. Each lozenge contains 13 mg elemental zinc as zinc acetate. The instruction in the commercial package for common cold patients is to dissolve slowly 6 lozenges per day in their mouth, which totals to 78 mg/day of elemental zinc, at most for 5 days. The same instruction will be used in this trial. The University Pharmacy prepared 200 placebo lozenge packages so that the placebo lozenges contain sucrose octaacetate, and they are similar with the zinc lozenges in visual appearance and in taste. 200 packages of zinc lozenges will be used as the active intervention. The packages will contain 30 lozenges (6 lozenges/day × 5 days). The packages of lozenges will be distributed to the enrolled participants in November 2017. The participants will be instructed to keep the package readily available so that, when they catch the common cold, they will find the package and they can start to take the lozenges according to the instructions. The participants will be instructed to start taking zinc lozenges as soon as they start to suffer from the first symptoms of the common cold. The participants will be instructed to take 6 lozenges daily over the time awake, evenly distributed, allowing the lozenge to dissolve in the mouth as slowly as possible. The duration of intervention is for the maximum of 5 days. If the symptoms disappear before 5 days, the participant may stop the usage of the lozenges. There will be no limitations for other treatments that participants wish to use for treating their colds. Participants will be requested to respond to a web-based symptom questionnaire daily from the first day of the treatment to the recovery from the common cold, or to a maximum of 2 weeks.
The purpose of this study is to assess the safety and tolerability of an intramuscular regimen of two doses (1*10^11 viral particles [vp]) of an investigational respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) vaccine candidate (adenovirus serotype 26 respiratory syncytial virus pre-fusion conformation stabilized F protein [pre-F] [Ad26.RSV.preF]) in adults aged 18 to 50 years and RSV-seropositive toddlers aged 12 to 24 months.
This Phase 3 study is intended to assess the efficacy of the Quadrivalent VLP Influenza Vaccine during the 2017-2018 influenza season in healthy adults 18 to 64 years of age. One dose of Quadrivalent VLP Influenza Vaccine (30 μg/strain) or of placebo will be administered to approximately 10,000 participants
It is well known that attending Day Care Centres (DCCs) can lead to an increase in the frequency of infections, due to the high incidence at this age and also the ease of transmission among children. This high incidence respiratory tract infections (RTIs) and acute gastroenteritis can also have a significant impact on the cost of health care systems, increasing the number of medical visits, hospitalizations and prescribing medications as symptomatic drugs or unnecessary antibiotics in some cases.The aim of the study was to determine whether a multifactorial hand-hygiene program (handwashing with soap and water vs hand sanitizer vs control group) reduce episodes due to RTIs and gastroenteritis in children attending DCCs. In addition, analyze the cost-effectiveness of these interventions.
This study is related to a previous study, Clinicaltrials.gov ID: NCT02924467. There are some modifications in relation to the intervention arms as well as the use of a different cohort, thereby justifying the second submission to Clinicaltrials.gov. This trial is taking place in New York State, through partnership with the New York State Health Department (excluding New York City), and Colorado. Each state will have it's own Clinicaltrial.gov submission -- this was decided as some of the intervention components are different enough that separate registrations were warranted. Despite U.S. guidelines for influenza vaccination of all children starting at 6 months, only about half of children are vaccinated annually leading to substantial influenza disease in children and spread of disease to adults. A major barrier is that families are not reminded about the need for their children to receive influenza vaccination. The investigators will evaluate the impact of patient reminder/recall (R/R) performed by state immunization information systems to improve influenza vaccination rates by using 4 clinical trials (2 per state) in two different states. The investigators will assess effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of 1) autodialer R/R 2) text messages R/R 3) mailed postcard R/R as compared to 4) standard of care control (no R/R).
Influenza infection results in an estimated 31 million outpatient visits, 55,000 to 974,200 hospitalizations, and 3,000 to 49,000 deaths. Membership in household in which someone else has influenza is the major risk factor for contracting influenza. The household secondary attack rate (SAR) is as high as 19% based on laboratory-confirmed influenza and 30% based on symptoms. Non-pharmaceutical preventive measures, including education, may play a role in decreasing transmission, but are only effective if started within 36 hours of symptom onset in index cases. Yet, most interventions are delayed because they are not initiated until care is sought. The investigators have demonstrated in one primarily Latino, urban community sample, that text messaging can be used to rapidly identify community members with influenza-like illness (ILI) early in an illness. This early identification would enable implementation of an educational intervention in the optimal time frame to reduce influenza transmission. Providing education within a text message is a proven successful strategy to influence behavior. Text messaging itself is scalable, low-cost, and can be used in low literacy populations. However, using text-message based surveillance to trigger a real-time text-message behavioral educational intervention to decrease household influenza transmission has not been assessed.
Antibiotic resistance is a worldwide health care problem. Increasing use of antibiotics is associated with an increase in the prevalence of bacteria resistant to the antibiotic used. Reducing antibiotic use can be effected by improving antibiotic prescribing quality in two complementary ways. One is to limit antibiotic prescribing to those patients who will benefit from the treatment and two is to prescribe these patients the recommended antibiotic. International research has shown that a web-based communication training for the prescriber combined with an interactive booklet containing relevant patient information (Genomics to combat Resistance against Antibiotics for Community acquired LRTI in Europe INternet Training for Reducing antibiOtic use (GRACE INTRO)) can significantly and safely reduce antibiotic prescribing in adults presenting to primary care with acute cough/lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI). Quality assessment of antibiotic prescribing for respiratory infections in general practice has revealed the use of far too many (broad-spectrum) antibiotics in Belgium. In the proposed project, the investigators aspire to make Belgium the first European country to implement the most cost-effective part of the GRACE INTRO intervention (Translational Research on Antimicrobial resistance and Community-acquired infections in Europe (TRACE) e-learning, www.acutecough.org) at national level and to perform a scientifically sound assessment of the nationwide implementation on outpatient antibiotic use and societal cost.