View clinical trials related to Respiratory Insufficiency.
Filter by:In ventilated patients with acute respiratory failure endotracheal suctioning may lead to alveolar derecruitment, which can be monitored by means of functional residual capacity (FRC) measurements. Regional distribution of ventilation can be followed at bedside using electrical impedance tomography. The investigators hypothesize that a FRC guided recruitment strategy, aimed at restoring a baseline FRC value after open endotracheal suctioning, improves oxygenation and regional distribution of ventilation. In addition the investigators research the impact of such a strategy on the inflammatory response to mechanical ventilation.
This study examines the feasibility of assessing sleep and circadian rhythmicity in critically ill patients undergoing mechanical ventilation. Secondarily, it will examine the feasibility of reducing subject exposure to environmental light and noise and of delivering routine care according to classical day/night routines.
Bronchiolitis is a potentially severe infection of the airway in infants and children, and among the most frequent diagnoses leading to pediatric intensive care unit admission in infants. This acute infection is caused by an array of viruses, but respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most frequently implicated. The majority of infants hospitalized with bronchiolitis are previously healthy, and half of infants intubated and mechanically ventilated for respiratory failure due to RSV bronchiolitis have no previously identified risk factors. It is likely, therefore, that other factors, particularly genetic heterogeneity of the host, contribute to disease severity. However, no previous study has investigated the association of genetic variants with respiratory failure in children with bronchiolitis. Several categories of candidate genes have emerged as potentially important in the pathogenesis of the disease. Specifically, genetic polymorphisms of surfactants, pattern recognition receptors, receptor adhesion molecules, and cytokines have been examined. The aim is to evaluate these polymorphisms to determine their association with respiratory failure in a cohort of more severely ill children with bronchiolitis.
The purpose of this study is to define the current treatment of patients ospitalized with acute cardiogenic pulmonary edema. Clinical and laboratory data collected in the Emergency Department will used to investigate the primary outcome (mortality) and risk factors related to the primary outcome.
Acute respiratory failure is a common entity in intensive care units nowadays and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality, thus representing a major health problem. Most of the published epidemiological studies on this condition were performed when modern ventilatory strategies and non-invasive ventilation were not available. Therefore, an actual evaluation on the incidence and outcomes of this syndrome is mandatory. We will perform an observational prospective study of patients admitted with acute respiratory insufficiency in several ICUs in Brazil.
Clinical experience with dexmedetomidine in the paediatric population is limited. Critical illness can affect drug pharmacokinetics and -dynamics; the investigators cannot simply extrapolate adult data for use in children but the investigators are in need of data on pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in every paediatric subpopulation.
BACKGROUND: Adaptation to noninvasive ventilation (NIV) is a critical step for acceptability and efficacy of this treatment during sleep in patients with chronic respiratory failure. AIM: To study the variability of patient-ventilator interactions during the first nights after initiation to NIV. Recorded data will be analyzed in part by dedicated tools from the non-linear dynamics theory. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients with chronic respiratory failure at stable state and indicated to home NIV will be included. All patients will perform three polysomnographies (under spontaneous breathing at D1 and under NIV at D2 and D15 after NIV initiation). All ventilatory physiological data (pressure, flow, patient-ventilator interactions, oxygen saturation, non intentional leaks) will be recorded during sleep under NIV in the Sleep Laboratory of the Department and secondarily related to sleep architecture and quality of sleep. EXPECTED RESULTS: This study will identify objective parameters that are associated to a satisfactory adaptation to nocturnal NIV.
Patients with respiratory failure following cardiac surgery are randomized to receive standard therapy versus non invasive ventilation. The hypothesis is that patients receiving non invasive ventilation will perform better than those who received standard therapy.
Exploration of the effects on diaphragmatic electrical activity (EMG) and on respiratory pattern of various level of assistance delivered by the ventilator in intubated spontaneously breathing patients in pressure support (PS) and in Neurally Adjusted Ventilatory Assist (NAVA) by step by step increasing of the level of assistance. Flow, airway pressure, transesophageal EMG signal and transcutaneous EMG signal will be recorded.
The main objective of this study is to evaluate the efficiency of the oxygen therapy delivery system Optiflow® compared to 2 others standard oxygen therapy delivery systems (Ospal®, non invasive ventilation).12 immunocompetent patients will compare the successive use of oxygen therapy delivery systems Optiflow®/Ospal® and 12 immunodeficient patients will compare the successive use of systems Optiflow®/Non invasive ventilation.