Reduction of Blood Flow Clinical Trial
Official title:
Effects of Functional Electrical Stimulation Compared to Isometric Exercise on Metaboreflex Activation in Healthy Individuals: Randomized Crossover Clinical Trial
Cardiovascular exercise adjustments are required during in order to redistribute blood flow from non-exercising vascular areas to active muscles. This hemodynamic adjustments, which are partially mediated by mechanosensitive and metabosensitive reflexes, ultimately increase oxygen and nutrient delivery to exercising muscle tissues (Mitchell, 1990). Static handgrip exercise has been shown to induce alterations in the arterial baroreflex function (Kim, 2005) and activation of muscle metaboreflex that increases arterial blood pressure and peripheral vasoconstriction, respectively. Functional electrical stimulation (FES) treatment used in physical therapy in patients who are unable to tolerate conventional exercise showed to be a good alternative for muscle strengthening (Sbruzzi, 2010) and to improve metabolic abnormalities (Karavidas, 2006). However, the effect of FES on metaboreflex activation in healthy individuals has never been investigated. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the metaboreflex activation induced by FES in upper and low limbs in healthy individuals, and also to compare their results with the effects caused by isometric exercise.
Status | Recruiting |
Enrollment | 20 |
Est. completion date | March 2016 |
Est. primary completion date | December 2015 |
Accepts healthy volunteers | Accepts Healthy Volunteers |
Gender | Both |
Age group | 35 Years to 70 Years |
Eligibility |
Inclusion Criteria: - Healthy individuals - Both genders - Aged 35-70 years - Sedentary - Not using continuous medications Exclusion Criteria: - Cardiovascular disease - Neurological disease - Malignant disease - Peripheral vascular disorders (varicose veins or deep vein thrombosis) - Peripheral sensitivity alterations - Contraindication to performing physical exercise - Refusal to sign the consent form |
Allocation: Randomized, Endpoint Classification: Efficacy Study, Intervention Model: Crossover Assignment, Masking: Single Blind (Outcomes Assessor), Primary Purpose: Treatment
Country | Name | City | State |
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Brazil | Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre | Porto Alegre | RS |
Lead Sponsor | Collaborator |
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Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre |
Brazil,
Karavidas AI, Raisakis KG, Parissis JT, Tsekoura DK, Adamopoulos S, Korres DA, Farmakis D, Zacharoulis A, Fotiadis I, Matsakas E, Zacharoulis A. Functional electrical stimulation improves endothelial function and reduces peripheral immune responses in patients with chronic heart failure. Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil. 2006 Aug;13(4):592-7. — View Citation
Kim JK, Sala-Mercado JA, Rodriguez J, Scislo TJ, O'Leary DS. Arterial baroreflex alters strength and mechanisms of muscle metaboreflex during dynamic exercise. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2005 Mar;288(3):H1374-80. Epub 2004 Nov 11. — View Citation
Mitchell JH. J.B. Wolffe memorial lecture. Neural control of the circulation during exercise. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1990 Apr;22(2):141-54. Review. — View Citation
Rowell LB, O'Leary DS. Reflex control of the circulation during exercise: chemoreflexes and mechanoreflexes. J Appl Physiol (1985). 1990 Aug;69(2):407-18. Review. — View Citation
Sbruzzi G, Ribeiro RA, Schaan BD, Signori LU, Silva AM, Irigoyen MC, Plentz RD. Functional electrical stimulation in the treatment of patients with chronic heart failure: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil. 2010 Jun;17(3):254-60. Review. — View Citation
Type | Measure | Description | Time frame | Safety issue |
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Primary | Forearm and calf blood flow change | When performed the protocol with FES measurements will be taken for 3 minutes of rest (in both PECO+ and PECO-), 5 minutes of exercise (when PECO-) or to fatigue (when PECO +), during the 3 minutes of occlusion (when PECO +) and 3 minutes final recovery (in both PECO+ and PECO-). When performed the protocol with isometric exercise measurements will be at 3 minutes basal (in both PECO+ and PECO-), 3 minutes of exercise (in both PECO+ and PECO-), 3 minutes of occlusion when PECO + and 3 minutes of ultimate recovery (in both PECO+ and PECO-). | 5 minutes of exercise ( when PECO-) or to fatigue (when PECO +) | No |
Secondary | Maximum muscle strength | Before starting the evaluations of blood flow, the maximum peak strength is measured three times with 1 minute interval between each measurement, after is calculated 30% of the maximum value and the determined load exercise. | The maximum peak strength will be measured 3 times with 1 minute interval between each measurement before a session of isometric exercise | No |
Secondary | Peripheral vascular resistance | Ratio between the mean arterial pressure (MBP) and muscle blood flow. | It is calculated using data obtained from blood flow and mean arterial pressure in the protocols at 3 minutes in both PECO+ and PECO- | No |