View clinical trials related to Rectal Neoplasms.
Filter by:The aim of this study is to find some genetic factors in predicting the sensibility of preoperative chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced rectal carcinoma.
Radical treatment of primary rectal cancer with synchronous distant metastases includes surgical resection of primary and metastatic lesion. However, primary rectal cancer in case of metastasized disease are often locally advanced disease and need downsizing before surgery. It is reported that pelvic recurrence rates and distant metastasis rates outside liver are 30~35% and 60%, respectively. Therefore, combined treatment with radiotherapy and chemotherapy is used. However, the sequence of treatment modalities is not yet definitely established and preoperative chemoradiotherapy and surgical resection is accepted as an option of treatment. Conventional long course chemoradiotherapy delays administration of full-dose chemotherapy, and metastatic lesion can be progressed during chemoradiotherapy. In present study, we evaluate the efficacy of short course radiotherapy (SCRT) followed by full-dose chemotherapy with delayed surgical resection of the primary tumor and metastases.
Neoadjuvant (preoperative) concomitant chemoradiotherapy (CRT) is now considered as a standard treatment of locally advanced rectal adenocarcinomas, which correlates better local control and higher sphincter preservation rate. Nimotuzumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody against epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) has been reported to improve the therapeutic effect of radiotherapy in some cancers. This study is a clinical phase II trial designed to evaluate the efficacy of the combination of Nimotuzumab administered concurrently with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer, and to further investigate its side-effect and toxicity.
The purpose of this study is to first determine the maximum tolerated dose of capecitabine given alone or in combination with valproic acid during preoperative short-course radiotherapy (Phase 1). The next part of the study (Phase 2)will explore whether the addition of valproic acid or the addition of capecitabine to short-course radiotherapy, before optimal radical surgery might increase the pathologic complete tumor regression rate in patients with low-moderate risk rectal cancer.
In elderly patients postoperative mortality measured 3-6 months after total mesorectal excision is high. Thus, less toxic treatments may lead to a survival benefit for elderly patients even if a risk of local recurrence is slightly higher compared to the open surgery. The investigators addressed the question whether watch and wait policy is safe in clinical complete responders after (chemo)radiation for elderly patients with small or moderately advanced tumours.
Clinical objective of the study is to compare the rates of pathologic response, acute toxicity and sphincter preservation with two schedules of preoperative regiment in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer.
The purpose of this study is to determine whether whole-body MRI (WB-MRI) accuracy is superior to FDG-PET-CT considered as the gold-standard for the staging of distant lesions of rectal cancer.
This trial examines the feasibility, effectiveness and safety of a combination of radiotherapy (over a period of five weeks) and chemotherapy (with 5-FU or Capecitabine and Oxaliplatin) and 10 fractions of deep regional hyperthermia in patients with primary locally advanced or locally recurrent rectal cancer. Previous pelvic irradiation in case of a local recurrence is not excluded from the trial. The treatment protocol aims on a preoperatively improved tumor regression allowing less aggressive surgery in primary locally advanced rectal cancer and a higher rate of curative resections in heavily pretreated locally recurrent rectal cancers. Primary endpoint of the trial is the feasibility rate of a multimodal regimen consisting of radiochemotherapy and hyperthermia. Secondary endpoints are local control, survival rates, and toxicity. It is planned to include a total number of 59 patients over a period of 2.5 years.
This is a study that compares two types of surgery for rectal cancer. There are two procedures that can be used during this surgery, conventional abdominal resection (APR) and extended (or extralevator) APR. The investigators are doing this research to see whether the extralevator APR increases the likelihood that the edge of the tissue that is removed will be more likely to be free from cancer cells compared with the conventional APR surgery. At this time there is no evidence that one type of procedure is better at this than the other. The objective of this research is to determine whether extralevator APR is more likely to have clean margins (free of cancer) compared to the standard APR surgery.
Rectal cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in the world. However, there's also no reliable and sensitive method to monitor diseases and evaluate therapy responses till now. Circulating tumor cells, which could reflect tumor's status correctly and reliably, may be a promising method in this field. This study is to investigate the role of circulating tumor cells in evaluating and predicting the responses of chemoradiotherapy in rectal cancer.