View clinical trials related to Rectal Cancer.
Filter by:Low Anterior Resection (LAR) surgery can be done using various techniques. The traditional technique for performing the surgery is through one or multiple incision(s) in the muscular wall of the abdomen. This will allow the surgeon to gain access to inside the belly (Abdominal cavity). The surgeon will start from above and go down until reaching the rectum located low in the pelvis. The surgeon will then cut out the rectum along with some of the tissue surrounding it and reconnect the bowel. An alternative new approach to perform Low Anterior Resection is called the Trans-anal approach. In this technique, a tube containing special surgical tools is introduced through the anus (back passage), while the patient is asleep. These tools are used to free the rectum up from its surroundings so that it can be removed. Taking out the rectum via the opening of the anus (Trans-anal) is a relatively new surgical approach. This new technique enables the surgeon to better see deep in the pelvis which makes it easier to remove the rectum and its surrounding outer tissues while protecting other important nerves and organs located in the pelvis. However, it also involves inserting a tube through the opening of the anus to perform the rectal dissection. The alternative traditional way of doing the operation does not involve inserting such a tube because the access to the pelvis and rectum is gained from above through incision(s) in the abdominal wall. The anal sphincter is the medical name for the muscle layers surrounding the opening of the anus. The anal sphincter functions as a seal that can be opened to discharge body waste and allow the passage of stool. A damage to the anal sphincter can result in inability to fully control bowel movements, causing stool (feces) to leak unexpectedly. Because the Trans-anal approach involves inserting a tube through the opening of the anus for the duration of the surgery, this can lead to a certain degree of stretch and damage to the anal sphincter muscles. The main aim of this study is to compare the effect of the these two possible approaches to perform "Low Anterior Resection" operation on the muscles of the anal sphincter and whether they are associated with stool seepage from the anus after the operation. Whether the patient is receiving the traditional or trans-anal approach is not related to the subject's participation in the study and is decided by the treating surgeon based on medical and surgical reasoning.
Anastomotic leakage (AL) is one of the most-feared postoperative complications after anterior resection of rectal cancer. This complication compromises both short term and long term outcome of patients. The incidence of AL after anterior resection was approximately 6-11%. Although several risk factors for AL such as male sex, smoking, tumor location, longer operative time, intraoperative blood loss had been reported in previous studies, the incidence of AL did not meet a significant decrease. So far there is no multi-site observational study on incidence and risk factors of AL after anterior resection in China, therefore this study aims to work on this issue and provide evidence for clinical practice.
The main clinical hypothesis is that compared to radio-chemotherapy for low and mid rectal tumors or surgery for high rectal tumors neoadjuvant chemotherapy reduces the rate of distant relapse without increasing the rate of local relapse. The aim of the present study is to compare long term and short term outcomes in rectal cancer patients undergoing standard treatment (radio-chemotherapy/surgery) or experimental neoadjuvant chemotherapy/surgery Furthermore, early surgical and medical complications, the functional outcome, toxicity and quality of life (QoL) may be improved if radiotherapy can be avoided. Exploratory analyses are planned in order to find potential predictive markers for selecting patients to either radio-chemotherapy/surgery or neoadjuvant combination chemotherapy/surgery.
To test the feasibility and accuracy of BioXmark fiducial markers for image guided radiotherapy (IGRT) based rectal tumor boosting in 20 patients referred for long course chemo-radiotherapy of the locally advanced rectal cancer.
The purpose of this study is to find out the effects of chemotherapy followed by less invasive surgery on patients and their early rectal cancer. The approach of this trial will be considered a success if at least 65% of participants are able to keep the rectum.
For advanced rectal tumors, the standard of care is neoadjuvant radiotherapy (RT) +/- chemotherapy followed by surgery 8-10 weeks later. Despite its proven efficacy in reducing local relapse, the neo-adjuvant treatment has been associated to non-negligible side effects, especially in terms of impaired sexual function. For females, pelvic RT is frequently associated to long-term complications such as vaginal stenosis (VS), vaginal dryness, and dyspareunia, while in men RT doses delivered to the neurovascular peri-prostatic bundles and penile bulb have been associated to the risk to develop erectile dysfunction. In prostate cancer, hydrogel spacers have been evaluated to create space between the target (prostate) and the organ (rectum) to be spared during radiotherapy treatments. Clinical studies have shown the ease of spacer application; patient tolerance and, good clinical outcomes (decrease in rectal toxicities). This pilot study wishes to investigate feasibility and efficacy of the injected hydrogel spacers TraceIT® in sparing vagina/prostate in the treatment of rectal cancer patients.
At present, surgical resection is still the main treatment for the potential cure of rectal cancer. Total mesorectal excision (TME) is the gold standard. The traditional laparoscopic or open surgery for some special patients is really difficult, especially for male, prostate hypertrophy, obesity, low tumor and pelvic stenosis patients to expose the gap around the mesorectum and separate to the pelvic floor. While transanal total mesorectal excision (TaTME) approach could be more directly separate the low mesorectum and relatively simple to complete distal rectal transection, which would bring some considerable advantages. Although active learning from abroad, laparoscopic assisted TaTME surgery is now in its infancy in China. It is urgent for clinical studies to obtain the results in China. This multicenter, observational study will help to encourage research in this field and to obtain data on the safety and efficacy of this procedure in Chinese patients with rectal cancer.
An open-label, dose escalation and expansion clinical trial to evaluate the safety, tolerability, and PK of fruquintinib in patients with advanced solid tumors, metastatic colorectal cancer and metastatic breast cancer.
Background: Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT) and total mesorectum excision (TME) has become the standard therapy for the treatment of locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) to reduce the local recurrence rate, however, no improvement of distant metastasis rate was observed, and the incidence of postoperative local recurrence and distant metastasis can reach more than 25%. It is still a challenge for us to improve the RO resection rate of locally advanced rectal cancer and reduce the incidence of local recurrence and distant metastasis.
This study is designed to assess the surgical, oncological and functional outcome of either the laparoscopic or trans-anal TME in management of mid and low rectal cancer.