Workshop on Strengths and Competences to Improve Psychological Wellbeing and Quality of Life of Grandparents

Quality of Life Clinical Trial

Official title:

Values and Virtues of Grandparents Caring for Their Grandchildren as Protective Factors of Their Health and Psychological Wellbeing

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Recruiting

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT06064760
• Other study ID #: M02.0401.000.MPI20CNG
• Status: Recruiting
• Phase: N/A
• Start date: May 1, 2022
• Est. completion date: June 2024

Study information

• Verified date: June 2023
• Source: CEU San Pablo University
• Contact: Leyre Galarraga Cristóbal
• Phone: 914566300
• Email: leyre.galarragacristobal[@]ceu.es
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Study type: Interventional

Clinical Trial Summary

Recent social and demographic changes in Western countries have led to a reorganization of the family relationships, such as grandparents-grandchildren bond. The Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) shows, on the one hand, that 52% of grandparents are auxiliary caregivers of their grandchildren and, on the other hand, that more than 15% of grandparents regularly care for their grandchildren, being the Spanish percentage the second highest of Europe. Given these figures, it is clear that many grandparents today are playing an important role as socializing agents for their grandchildren.

According to this, grandparents play their socializing rol by passing on their grandchildren skills, experiences, values, beliefs and affection. This bond not only influences positively on grandchildren, but also on grandparents. Caring for grandchildren allows grandparents to resolve the crises of generativity and integrity of self, included in Erikson's Theory of Psychosocial Development. Moreover, high leves of generativity are related with greater personal growth, one of the dimensions of psychological wellbeing. However, the literature on the socializing rol of grandparents is scarce and has focus on the negative effects of caring for grandchildren. In contrast, recent studies demonstrates that caring for grandchildren has positive effect on grandparents' health and life satisfaction.

Being important to consider the negative consequences of this type of care, is also necessary to develop a new perspective, focus on protective factors of grandparents' psychological wellbeing and quality of life. According to McCubbin's Resilience Model of Family Stress, Adjustment and Adaptation, psychological resources and coping skills could be protective factors, minimizing the impact of caring for grandchildren.

The present project considers two protective factors: personal strengths and emotional competences, variables that are worked on the workshops. By focusing on these aspects, not only an improvement in family relationships (grandparents-parents-grandchildren) is expected, but also an increase in the psychological well-being and quality of life of the participants.

The development of intervention programs aimed at protective factors could be useful for grandparent caregivers, promoting their psychological well-being and quality of life.

Description:

The study intervention consists of a psychoeducational group workshop oriented to grandparents caring for at least one minor grandchild.

The workshop includes 5 sessions and a follow-up call. The duration of the sessions is about 90 minutes. The modality is online.

The sessions and their objectives are detailed below:

• Session 1: Defining my role as a grandparent.

To frame the topic, get to know the participants and build a good group atmosphere.

• Session 2: Deepening my relationships.

To promote participants' confidence as grandparents.

• Session 3: Growing as a grandparent.

To help participants become aware of useful caregiving strategies.

• Session 4: Discovering my emotional world.

To help participants learn about and understand their own emotional world.

• Session 5. Caring for others and caring for me.

To help participants live their role as a grandparent without displacing other vital elements important to them.

• Follow-up. Phone call.

To offer participants a final one-on-one meeting.

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Recruiting
• Enrollment: 110
• Est. completion date: June 2024
• Est. primary completion date: December 2023
• Accepts healthy volunteers: Accepts Healthy Volunteers
• Gender: All
• Age group: N/A and older

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

• Being grandparent of, at least, one minor children or adolescent.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Suffer from a disease that makes the person unable to understand the questionnaire (e.g., moderate-severe dementia).

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Psychological Well-being
• Quality of Life
• Skill, Coping

Intervention

Behavioral:
• Psychoeducational Workshop on Personal Strengths and Emotional Competences to Improve the Psychological Wellbeing and Quality of Life of Grandparents Caring for Their Grandchildren
The intervention is a psychoeducational group workshop (6-8 participants). It includes 5 sessions of, approximately, 90 minutes. In addition, 3 months after the end of the workshop, a follow-up call will be organized with the participants. Due to the Covid-19 pandemic, the workshop will be held online. The sessions are: Session 1: Defining my role as grandparent. Session 2: Deepening my relationships. Session 3: Growing as grandparent. Session 4: Discovering my emotional world. Session 5: Caring for others and caring for myself.

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
Spain	San Pablo CEU University (Campus Montepríncipe)	Alcorcón	Madrid

Sponsors (1)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
CEU San Pablo University

Country where clinical trial is conducted

Spain, 

References & Publications (18)

Arpino B, Bordone V, Balbo N. Grandparenting, education and subjective well-being of older Europeans. Eur J Ageing. 2018 Mar 20;15(3):251-263. doi: 10.1007/s10433-018-0467-2. eCollection 2018 Sep. — View Citation

Chan, K. L., Chen, M., Lo, K. M. C., Chen, Q., Kelley, S. J., & Ip, P. (2018). The effectiveness of interventions for grandparents raising grandchildren: A meta-analysis. Research on Social Work Practice, 29(6), 1-11. https://doi.org/gf7j

Diaz D, Rodriguez-Carvajal R, Blanco A, Moreno-Jimenez B, Gallardo I, Valle C, van Dierendonck D. [Spanish adaptation of the Psychological Well-Being Scales (PWBS)]. Psicothema. 2006 Aug;18(3):572-7. Spanish. — View Citation

Erikson, E. H. (2000). El ciclo vital completado. Paidós.

Findler, L., Taubman-Ben-Ari, O., Nuttman-Shwartz, O., & Lazar, R. (2013). Construction and validation of the multidimensional experience of grandparenthood set of inventories. Social Work Research, 37(3), 237-253. https://doi.org/10.1093/swr/svt025

García, V., & Martínez-González, R. A (2017). Escala de competencias emocionales de abuelos y abuelas (ECEA). Revista Iberoamericana de Diagnóstico y Evaluación, 49(4), 107-120. https://doi.org/10.21865/RIDEP49.4.09

Goodsell, T. L., Bates, J. S., & Behnke, A. O. (2011). Fatherhood stories: Grandparents, grandchildren, and gender differences. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 28, 134-154. https://doi.org/10.1177/0265407510386447

Martínez de Serrano, B.A. (2007). Desarrollo y validación de un instrumento para la evaluación de los recursos psicológicos: Inventario de recursos psicológicos-77 ítems (IRP-77). Tesis doctoral publicada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid.

McCubbin, M. A. (1993). Family stress theory and the development of nursing knowledge about family adaptation. In S. L. Feetham, S. B. Meister, J. M. Bell, & C. L. Gillis (eds.), The Nursing Family (pp. 46-58). Sage Publications.

Moore SM, Rosenthal DA. Personal growth, grandmother engagement and satisfaction among non-custodial grandmothers. Aging Ment Health. 2015;19(2):136-43. doi: 10.1080/13607863.2014.920302. Epub 2014 Jun 9. — View Citation

Noriega, C., Velasco, C., & López, J. (2020). Perceptions of grandparents' generativity and personal growth in supplementary care providers of middle-aged grandchildren. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 37, 1114-1135. https://doi.org/fvqh

Park, N., Peterson, C., & Seligman, M. E. P. (2004). Strengths of character and well-being. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 23(5), 603-619. https://doi.org/dg5xc7

Perez-Rojo G, Martin N, Noriega C, Lopez J. Psychometric properties of the CASP-12 in a Spanish older community dwelling sample. Aging Ment Health. 2018 May;22(5):700-708. doi: 10.1080/13607863.2017.1292208. Epub 2017 Feb 28. — View Citation

Peterson, C., & Seligman, M. E. P. (2004). Character strenghts and virtues. Oxford University Press. SHARE (29 de septiembre de 2021). La encuesta de salud, envejecimiento y jubilación en Europa. https://www.share.cemfi.es/index.asp?menu=1

Sherr, L., Roberts, K. J., Hothi, S., & Balchin, N. (2018). Never too old to learn - parenting interventions for grandparents: A systematic review. Cogent Social Sciences, 4, 1-22. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2018.1508627

Triadó, C., Villar, F., Celdrán, M., & Solé, C. (2014) Grandparents who provide auxiliary care for their grandchildren: Satisfaction, difficulties, and impact on their health and well-being. Journal of Intergenerational Relationships, 12, 113-127. https://doi.org/10.1080/15350770.2014.901102

Villar, F. (2012). Successful ageing and development: The contribution of generativity in older age. Ageing and Society, 32, 1087-1105. https://doi.org/fwpm7g

Zhou J, Mao W, Lee Y, Chi I. The Impact of Caring for Grandchildren on Grandparents' Physical Health Outcomes: The Role of Intergenerational Support. Res Aging. 2017 Jun;39(5):612-634. doi: 10.1177/0164027515623332. Epub 2016 Jan 4. — View Citation

* Note: There are 18 references in all — Click here to view all references

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Primary	Grandparents' psychological wellbeing	Psychological wellbeing will be evaluated with Ryff's Psychological Wellbeing Scale.; Scale values: 1 (very inadequate to describe me), 2 (quite inadequate to describe me), 3 (some inadequate to describe me), 4 (some adequate to describe me), 5 (quite adequate to describe me), 6 (very adequate to describe me).; Interpretation: the higher the score, the greater the psychological wellbeing of the person being assessed.	Through study completion, an average of 2 years
Primary	Grandparents' quality of life	Quality of life will be evaluated with CASP-12.; Scale values: 1 (sometimes), 2, 3, 4 (never).; Interpretation: the higher the score, the greater the quality of life of the person being assessed.	Through study completion, an average of 2 years
Primary	Grandparents' involvement and burnout	Involvement and burnout will be evaluated with Multidimensional Experience of Grandparenthood Set of Inventories.; Scale values: 1 (totally disagree), 2, 3, 4, 5 (totally agree).; Interpretation: the higher the score, the greater the involvement and burnout of the person being assessed as grandparent.	Through study completion, an average of 2 years
Primary	Grandparents' emotional competences	Emotional competences will be evaluated with Grandparents Emotional Competency Scale.; Scale values: 1 (never), 2 (sometimes), 3 (almost always), 4 (always).; Interpretation: the higher the score, the greater the emotional competences of the person being assessed as grandparent.	Through study completion, an average of 2 years
Primary	Grandparents' character strengths	Character strengths will be evaluated with Psychological Resources Inventory-77 items.; Scale values: 0 (totally disagree), 1, 2, 3 (totally agree).; Interpretation: the higher the score, the greater the character strengths of the person being assessed.	Through study completion, an average of 2 years