Postoperative Pain Clinical Trial
Official title:
Comparative Study of Ultrasound-guided Paravertebral Block Versus Intravenous Tramadol for Postoperative Pain Control in Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy
Paravertebral block has been widely used for analgesia. The aim of this study,comparison of the effect of ultrasound-guided paravertebral block versus intravenous tramadol for postoperative pain control in percutaneous nephrolithotomy.
The study protocol was approved by the Local Ethical Committee. Written informed consent was
obtained from all patients, before starting to surgery.
The patients were given no premedication. The demographic data of patients (age, gender, the
presence of other diseases) were recorded, preoperatively. All patients were applied
standard monitoring in the operating room. After the induction of anesthesia provided
intravenously propofol (2-3mg/kg) and rocuronium bromide (0.5 mgkg-1), all patients were
intubated with a suitable endotracheal tube. Anesthesia maintenance was provided with 1-2%
sevoflurane and a 60% nitrous oxide-40% oxygen gas mixture. 0.9% NaCl (5-10 mLkg-1) was
started as fluid resuscitation. Urinary catheter was inserted before placement, and then all
patients were placed in the prone position.
Postoperatively, duration of surgery, systolic and diastolic blood pressures, heart rate,
peripheral oxygen saturation (SBP, DBP, HR, and SpO2), visual analog scales (VAS), side
effects such as vomiting and nausea, complications such as pneumothorax, tramadol
consumption and additional analgesic requirements of patients were recorded at 1, 2, 4, 6,
12 and 24 h in the postoperative period. These parameters were evaluated by an
anesthesiologist in the first 24 hours postoperatively. If the VAS score was >4, patients in
both groups were administered diclofenac.
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