View clinical trials related to Phenylketonurias.
Filter by:Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a genetic disorder known to cause severe reduction in intelligence and deficits in cognitive function; it is associated with an elevated level of Phenylalanine (Phe) in blood. Newborn screening and early treatment with restricted protein diet supplemented by a formula of amino-acids will preserve intelligence. In those with the severe form treated from birth, some deficits that affect higher functions of the brain are seen. Given this, there is disagreement about how milder forms of this disease should be managed and what level of Phe is safe to be left untreated. We seek to assess whether higher Phe levels, between 360 and 600µmol/L, are safe with respect to preservation of intelligence and higher cognitive functions.
Newborn screening and early treatment prevent the most severe manifestations of phenylketonuria (PKU). However, executive functioning deficits, attention deficit disorder, slow processing speed, and visual-motor problems commonly occur. Many adults with this disorder also suffer depression and anxiety. Using advanced electroencephalogram (EEG) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques, including novel MR spectroscopy (MRS) we hope to discover why this distinct constellation of deficits occurs in PKU. Adult subjects with PKU will undergo EEG and comprehensive MRI evaluations, including a novel method of MR spectroscopy to determine brain phenylalanine levels. In addition, they will receive neurological and neuropsychological examinations and dietary evaluation.
Phenylketonuria (PKU), an inherited genetic disorder, can cause irreversible brain damage, declined executive function, and autistic tendencies unless a phenylalanine (Phe) restricted diet is consistently maintained throughout life. Promoting anabolism, the uptake of free amino acids from the extracellular space, is a key component to maintaining plasma phenylalanine concentrations within treatment range among patients with PKU. Exercise promotes muscle protein synthesis and anabolism, but the effect on blood phenylalanine concentrations in patients with PKU has not been reported. Our objective is to assess the impact of an acute bout of moderate intensity exercise on protein oxidation and plasma amino acid concentrations, as a potential adjunctive therapy for patients with PKU. The investigators hypothesize that moderate intensity exercise decreases amino acid oxidation, increases muscle protein synthesis, and promotes tissue uptake of essential amino acids, thereby lowering plasma phenylalanine concentrations in patients with Phenylketonuria.
The BMN 165 clinical development program has been designed to demonstrate the safety and efficacy of BMN 165 in reducing blood Phe concentrations in adults with PKU.
The mainstay of PKU treatment is a low-phenylalanine diet (i.e restriction of natural protein), and supplementation with a protein substitute (a mixture of amino acids free from phenylalanine, also containing micronutrients and vitamins) and special low-protein foods, to meet the patient's energy requirements. When diet and treatment is relaxed after childhood, adult and adolescent patients with phenylketonuria are at risk for malnutrition, depending on the compliance with treatment and the intake of amino acid supplements. In this study, nutrition status of patients with PKU and hyperphenylalaninemia is systematically assessed under ongoing current treatment, in relation to Phe-tolerance, compliance with treatment, and psychosocial issues. Study participants do not undergo any specific therapeutic or diagnostic intervention.
Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a rare disease where the level of phenylalanine (one of the amino acids) in the body is greatly increased. High levels can cause brain damage, especially in babies and children. This brain damage can be prevented if a special low phenylalanine diet is started soon after birth. A new drug, sapropterin, can also lower phenylalanine levels in some patients. PKU therapy is monitored by measuring the blood phenylalanine every week, with the goal to keep the level within a target range. Recently, studies have suggested that the variation in the blood phenylalanine may be just as important as the absolute blood phenylalanine level for brain outcome. The investigators will look at the variation in blood phenylalanine level over 24 hours to see how much the level changes. The investigators will measure this in patients with typical PKU who are compliant with the diet and in patients who are not compliant with the diet. The investigators will also measure this in patients with "mild" PKU who do not usually have as high levels of phenylalanine. Finally, the investigators will see if patients on sapropterin have lower variation.
The BMN 165 clinical development program has been designed to demonstrate the safety and efficacy of BMN 165 in reducing blood Phe concentrations in patients 18 to 70 years old with hyperphenylalaninemia due to PKU. Study BMN 165-301 is a Phase 3, open-label, randomized study designed to further characterize the safety of BMN 165 during two induction, titration, and maintenance dose regimens in adults with PKU who have not had previous exposure to BMN 165 (naive). Subjects will be randomized (1:1) to titrate up to one of two dose regimens. Other key features of this study are the dose regimens chosen for induction and titration; the study duration; self administration of study drug; and the chosen tertiary objectives.
This self-controlled, prospective, pilot study is designed to gather information regarding the diurnal variation (changes that occur each day) in the levels of plasma phenylalanine (Phe) and tyrosine in patients with phenylketonuria (PKU) and in the non-PKU population.
This is an open-label, non-comparative, Phase 3 study to evaluate the degree, frequency of response and safety of Kuvan® (sapropterin dihydrochloride) in subjects aged 4 to 18 years who have phenylketonuria and with elevated blood phenylalanine level of greater than or equal to 450 micromole per liter.
The purpose of this project is to study the effectiveness of teaching teens and young women with Phenylketonuria (PKU) or Maple Syrup Urine Disease (MSUD) about their disease and nutrition related issues in a camp environment. It will also look at pregnancy outcome results in women with PKU who attended Metabolic Camp and compare their results to other women with PKU who have not attended the Metabolic Camp.