Imatinib to Increase RUNX1 Activity in Participants With Germline RUNX1 Deficiency

Inherited Bone Marrow Failure Syndrome Clinical Trial

Official title:

Phase Ib Study of Imatinib to Increase RUNX1 Activity in Participants With Germline RUNX1 Deficiency

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Recruiting

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT06090669
• Other study ID #: 10001542
• Secondary ID: 001542-C
• Status: Recruiting
• Phase: Phase 1
• Start date: December 19, 2023
• Est. completion date: October 30, 2027

Study information

• Verified date: June 3, 2024
• Source: National Institutes of Health Clinical Center (CC)
• Contact: Rebecca Alexander
• Phone: (240) 781-4037
• Email: rebecca.alexander[@]nih.gov
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Study type: Interventional

Clinical Trial Summary

Background:

Runt-related transcription factor 1 (RUNX1) gene regulates the formation of blood cells. People with mutations of this gene may bleed or bruise easily; they are also at higher risk of getting cancers of the blood, bone marrow, and lymph nodes.

Objective:

To test a drug (imatinib) in people with RUNX1 mutations that cause symptoms.

Eligibility:

Adults aged 18 and older with RUNX1 mutations. Healthy people without this mutation, including family members of affected participants, are also needed.

Design:

Participants with the RUNX1 mutation will be screened. They will have a physical exam with blood and urine tests. They will have a test of their heart function. They may need a new bone marrow biopsy: A sample of soft tissue will be removed from inside a bone.

Imatinib is a tablet taken by mouth once a day, every day, at home. Affected participants in different parts of the study will take imatinib for either 28 days or up to 84 days.

Participants will visit the clinic once a week for the first 28 days that they are taking the imatinib. Then they will come once every 2 weeks if they are taking the drug for 84 days. Blood, urine, and tests of heart function will be repeated. They may opt to have the bone marrow biopsy repeated after they finish their course of imatinib.

Participants will have a follow-up visit 30 days after they stop taking imatinib.

Participants who do not have the RUNX1 mutation will have 1 clinic visit. They will have blood tests. They will fill out questionnaires. They may opt to have a bone marrow biopsy....

Description:

Background:

• Runt-related transcription factor 1 (RUNX1) gene is located on chromosome 21 and encodes an important regulator of hematopoiesis. People normally inherit one functional copy from each parent.

• RUNX1 function is highly dose dependent as both too little as well as too much RUNX1 activity is associated with development of hematologic malignancy. The focus of this protocol is participants with germline RUNX1 mutations resulting in too little RUNX1 activity.

• Germline heterozygous RUNX1 mutations are inherited in an autosomal dominant manner and cause a disorder called Familial Platelet Disorder with associated Myeloid Malignancy (FPDMM). Patients with one deleterious germline RUNX1 mutation often have haploinsufficiency although some mutations are associated with a dominant negative effect.

• Clinically, patients with germline RUNX1 mutations have aberrant megakaryocytic development, which often results in quantitative and/or qualitative platelet defects. Patients often have easy bleeding or bruising, although some cases are subclinical, and they may present to clinicians with hematologic malignancy.

• Patients with germline RUNX1 mutations have 35-45% lifetime risk of developing myeloid hematologic malignancies including MDS and AML. Increased risk of B-ALL, T-ALL and other hematologic malignancies is also associated with deleterious germline RUNX1 mutations.

• Deleterious RUNX1 mutations are known to be associated with high-risk malignancy with poor response to upfront chemotherapy and require hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT).

• Imatinib is a dual SFK and ABL inhibitor that is FDA approved and indicated for treatment of CML, ALL, MDS/MPD, aggressive systemic mastocytosis (ASM) as well as hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES) and chronic eosinophilic leukemia (CEL).

• ABL physically associates with RUNX1, phosphorylates key tyrosines within the RUNX1 inhibitory domain and negatively regulates RUNX1 transcriptional activity.

• We hypothesize that imatinib will decrease RUNX1 tyrosine phosphorylation thereby increasing RUNX1 protein activity to a level closer to that expected for 2 normal copies of RUNX1. We also hypothesize that normal levels of RUNX1 protein activity will ameliorate platelet dysfunction and bleeding symptoms via objective measures.

• We expect this study to inform the biologically relevant endpoints for a subsequent phase II efficacy study, which would also seek to determine if longer term imatinib administration could prevent malignant transformation.

Objectives:

• To determine the dose of imatinib for dose expansion in participants with pathogenic or likely pathogenic germline RUNX1 mutations during the dose escalation phase

• To determine the safety of imatinib in participants with pathogenic or likely pathogenic germline RUNX1 mutations during the dose expansion phase

Eligibility:

• Age >=18 years

• Participants with deleterious germline RUNX1 mutations as defined by ClinGen with adequate organ function and no history of hematologic malignancy.

Design:

• This is a phase Ib study with 2 cohorts (participants with and without pathogenic or likely pathogenic RUNX1 mutations) and 3 arms (2 for imatinib administration and 1 for biobanking control).

• A standard 3+3 non-randomized dose-escalation design will be used in the first arm, with orally administered imatinib tested at 4 dose levels from 100 to 400 mg daily for 28 days for participants with pathogenic or likely pathogenic germline RUNX1 mutations.

• Participants will have PK/PD evaluations at all dose levels.

• An expansion cohort will be treated at the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) in Arm 2, daily for 12 weeks. Participants who are treated on the dose escalation phase may also be treated in the expansion phase after an appropriate wash out period of 28 days.

• The third arm is for unaffected family control participants with wildtype RUNX1 or healthy volunteers who may choose to enroll to donate blood or marrow but will not be treated.

• 12-24 participants will be enrolled for dose escalation, 12 participants in the expansion cohort, and up to 80 unaffected controls contemporaneously whenever feasible.

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Recruiting
• Enrollment: 78
• Est. completion date: October 30, 2027
• Est. primary completion date: October 30, 2026
• Accepts healthy volunteers: No
• Gender: All
• Age group: 18 Years to 120 Years

Eligibility

• INCLUSION CRITERIA- AFFECTED PARTICIPANTS ONLY

• Affected participants must have a confirmed pathogenic or likely pathogenic germline RUNX1 variant by history. ClinGen expert variant curation panel criteria for pathogenicity will be utilized.

• Affected participants must have a history of clinically significant bleeding as defined by history of abnormal ISTH-BAT score, use of anti-bleeding medications (e.g. amicar), history of platelet transfusion, abnormal PFA screen, abnotmal platelet aggregation or abnormal platelet electron microsopy.

• Normal bone marrow morphology, flow cytometry and cytogenetics confirmed by the NIH Department of Laboratory Medicine (DLM) at least within 9 months of initiating imatinib therapy.

• Normal TSO500 (a normal TSO500 result is defined as absence of secondary somatic mutations 5% or greater VAF) confirmed by NCI Lab of Path at the most recent biopsy at least within 9 months of initiating imatinib therapy.

• Reassuring TSO500 (a reassuring TSO500 result is defined as absence of pathogenic/likely pathogenic secondary somatic mutations 5% or greater VAF) confirmed by NCI Lab of Path at the most recent biopsy at least within 9 months of initiating imatinib therapy.

• Affected participants must be able to swallow pills and substantial GI malabsorption is not suspected

• Participants with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) on effective anti-retroviral therapy with undetectable viral load within 6 months are eligible for this trial if their HAART medications do not interact with imatinib.

• Participants with evidence of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, on suppressive therapy with undetectable HBV viral load are eligible for this trial. Suppressive therapy medication may not interact with imatinib.

• Participants with a distant history of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection must have been treated and cured. Participants with active HCV infection who are currently on treatment, with undetectable HCV viral load are eligible. If unknown HCV is detected upon screening- these participants will not be eligible for the study.

INCLUSION CRITERIA- UNAFFECTED PARTICIPANTS ONLY

• Unaffected family members or healthy volunteers without RUNX1 mutation by pedigree or molecular testing Only participants who are related to the proband need to provide a molecular test.

• The last dosage of any platelet inhibiting medications was at least 2 weeks prior to enrollment and research sample acquisition.

INCLUSION CRITERIA- ALL PARTICIPANTS

• Age >=18 years.

• ECOG performance status <=2 (Karnofsky >=60%).

• Participants must have adequate organ and marrow function as defined below:

• leukocytes >= 3,000/mcL

• absolute neutrophil count >= 1,500/mcL

• platelets >= 65,000/mcL (without transfusion support)

• total bilirubin within normal institutional limits or <= 3 x the institutional upper limit of normal for participants with Gilbert s syndrome

• AST(SGOT)/ALT(SGPT) <= 2.5 x institutional upper limit of normal

• creatinine within normal institutional limits OR creatinine clearance >= 60 mL/min/1.73 m^2 for participants with creatinine levels above institutional normal.

• NIDDK CKD-EPI equation GFR = 141 x min (Scr /kappa, 1)^alpha x max(Scr /kappa, 1)^-1.209 x 0.993^Age x 1.018 [if female] x 1.159 [if black] where: Scr is serum creatinine in mg/dL, kappa is 0.7 for females and 0.9 for males, alpha is -0.329 for females and -0.411 for males, min indicates the minimum of Scr /kappa or 1, and max indicates the maximum of Scr /kappa or 1.

• Note: GFR is expressed in mL/min per 1.73 m^2, Scr is serum creatinine expressed in mg/dL, age is expressed in years, kappa is 0.7 for females and 0.9 for males, alpha is -0.329 for females and -0.411 for males, min indicates the minimum of Scr /kappa or 1, and max indicates the maximum of Scr /kappa or 1. Race is self-identified. Sex is defined as sex at birth and then self-identified after 12 months of hormone treatment for transgender individuals.

• Women of child-bearing potential and men must agree to use effective contraception (hormonal or barrier method of birth control; abstinence) prior to study entry and for 30 days after the last administration of study drug.

• Breastfeeding participants must be willing to discontinue breastfeeding from study treatment initiation through 30 days after the last administration of study drug

• Ability of participant to understand and the willingness to sign a written informed consent document.

EXCLUSION CRITERIA- ALL PARTICIPANTS

• Participants who are receiving any other investigational agents.

• Participants who received prior hematologic malignancy directed therapy

• Participants receiving medication that would affect platelet number or function (e.g., aspirin and anti-platelet medications

• Participants without access to medical care at home.

• Pregnancy (confirmed with beta-HCG serum or urine pregnancy test performed in females of childbearing potential at screening).

EXCLUSION CRITERIA- AFFECTED PARTICIPANTS ONLY

• Participants with secondary somatic mutations of 5% VAF or greater on baseline Illumina TSO500 testing within a 30 day time period of receiving the first dose of imatinib

• History of allergic reactions attributed to compounds of similar chemical or biologic composition to imatinib or other agents used in study.

• Concomitant medications that include the following:

--Participants requiring medications which are inhibitors or inducers of CYP3A4 metabolism, as these may change imatinib plasma levels.

• Uncontrolled intercurrent illness evaluated by history, physical exam, and chemistries or situations that would limit compliance with study requirements, interpretation of results or that could increase risk to the participant

• Participants with the following cardiac conditions: symptomatic congestive heart failure, unstable angina pectoris, cardiac arrhythmia.

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Blood Platelet Disorders
• Bone Marrow Failure Disorders
• Congenital Bone Marrow Failure Syndromes
• Disease Susceptibility
• Inherited Bone Marrow Failure Syndrome
• Neoplasms
• Pancytopenia

Intervention

Drug:
• imatinib
Imatinib at 100-400 mg PO QD based on arm assignment/dose level

Device:
• TruSight Oncology
Assay sequencing platform to identify pathogenic genetic mutations in DNA and RNA

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
United States	National Institutes of Health Clinical Center	Bethesda	Maryland

Sponsors (1)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
National Cancer Institute (NCI)

Country where clinical trial is conducted

United States, 

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Primary	Determine the dose of imatinib for dose expansion in participants with pathogenic or likely pathogenic germline RUNX1 mutations during the dose escalation phase	Safety will be evaluated by the number of DLTs identified at each dose level. The number of DLTs at each dose level will be reported and used to determine the RP2D.	Arm 1 for 1 month and Arm 2 for 3 months
Primary	Determine the safety of imatinib in participants with pathogenic or likely pathogenic germline RUNX1 mutations during the dose expansion phase	Safety will be evaluated by the number of DLTs identified at each dose level.	Arm 1 for 1 month and Arm 2 for 3 months
Secondary	Safety of imatinib in the dose escalation phase	AEs are reported by type and grade, and frequency.	Assessed from Day 1 of study drug through 28 days after the first dose.
Secondary	Clinically meaningful change from baseline ISTH-BAT	Change in measurement; assessed for statistical significance by an appropriate paired test.	Measured at baseline (Day 1- both arms) and Day 28 for Arm 1 and Day 84 for Arm 2
Secondary	Change in platelet aggregation score as compared to unaffected controls	Change in measurement; assessed for statistical significance by an appropriate paired test.	Measured at baseline (Day 1- both arms) and Day 28 for Arm 1 and Day 84 for Arm 2
Secondary	Improvement in platelet dense granule structure by electron microscopy as compared to baseline	Change in measurement; assessed for statistical significance by an appropriate paired test.	Measured at baseline (Day 1- both arms) and Day 28 for Arm 1 and Day 84 for Arm 2
Secondary	Pharmacokinetics of imatinib in the RUNX1 population	Change in measurement of drug levels in blood; assessed for statistical significance by an appropriate paired test.	Measured at baseline (Day 1- both arms) and Day 28 for Arm 1 and Day 84 for Arm 2

External Links

•   NIH Clinical Center Detailed Web Page