Percutaneous Treatment of Partial Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Drainage

Partial Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Connection Clinical Trial

Official title:

Is Reducing Flow in Affected Branch Pulmonary Arteries in Patients With Partial Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Drainage Using a Percutaneous Approach Safe and Efficacious? - a Pilot Study

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Not yet recruiting

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT06048679
• Other study ID #: PA22/149367
• Status: Not yet recruiting
• Phase: N/A
• Start date: January 2024
• Est. completion date: September 2024

Study information

• Verified date: September 2023
• Source: The Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust
• Contact: Kate English
• Phone: 0113 3925748
• Email: ltht.researchoffice[@]nhs.net
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Study type: Interventional

Clinical Trial Summary

Partial anomalous pulmonary venous drainage (PAPVD) occurs in around 1 in every 1000 people. Blood from part of the lung returns to the wrong side of the heart, causing the heart to stretch. This causes breathlessness and heart rhythm problems in later life. PAPVD can currently only be fixed by open heart surgery, and when the abnormality affects the right lung, even this can be impossible.

This study is designed to examine whether a new keyhole procedure to limit blood flow through the affected lung segments can be safely used to reduce the impact of PAPVD on the heart, reducing symptoms, protecting against heart rhythm problems, and avoiding the need for open heart surgery.

In this study, a flow limiting device will be positioned in the affected lung artery to reduce blood flow to this segment of lung. The procedure is performed under a general anaesthetic, and is done either as a day case or a single overnight stay in hospital. X-rays are used to guide the positioning of the stent. The procedure is performed as a keyhole procedure through a 3 mm cut in the groin.

The investigators will use heart ultrasound, heart MRI and exercise testing before and six months after the procedure to assess the safety and effect of the flow limiter.

The flow limitation device will either be a standard covered stent used in every day practice, but with a modified balloon for deployment, a vascular plug or similar vascular occlusion device which can be modified to restrict rather than occlude flow. If there is a problem with the flow limitation being too severe, the stent can be fully inflated returning the flow back to normal, and the vascular plug can be retrieved using another key hole procedure.

Description:

PAPVD has been reported in 0.2% of the population undergoing CT scans and in 0.4 - 0.7% of the population in autopsy studies. They can be associated with superior sinus venosus atrial septal defects or can be present in isolation.

PAPVD causes blood which should be draining from the lungs into the left hand side of the heart to drain into the right side of the heart. Thus PAPVD results in a left to right shunt of varying proportions dependent upon the number of lobes involved. Long term sequelae reflect the impact of the resultant volume loading of the right heart, which can lead to atrial arrhythmia and right heart failure in later life and these patients can develop pulmonary hypertension. Patients with significant left to right shunts often present with symptoms of breathlessness and poor exercise tolerance, which worsen as they age.

Historically, PAPVD has only been considered suitable for surgical repair. This requires an open heart procedure, including cardio-pulmonary bypass, and necessitates around a week in hospital, and a three month recovery period. Surgical repair is technically challenging due to anatomical considerations, particularly in right sided anomalous veins, and there is a relatively high risk of pulmonary venous thrombosis post operatively due to low velocity venous flow. Current European Society of Cardiology guidelines recommend that technical suitability for repair and operative risk must be weighed against the potential benefit of intervention. These guidelines also state that it is unusual for a single anomalous pulmonary venous connection of only one pulmonary lobe to result in a sufficient volume load to justify the risk of surgical repair.

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Not yet recruiting
• Enrollment: 5
• Est. completion date: September 2024
• Est. primary completion date: September 2024
• Accepts healthy volunteers: No
• Gender: All
• Age group: 18 Years and older

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

• Haemodynamically & Functionally significant PAPVD (all of the following)

• Right heart dilated on trans thoracic echo

• cardiac MRI Qp:Qs = 1.3:1, and right ventricular to left ventricular volume (RV:LV) ratio = 1.5:1

• Maximal oxygen consumption (VO2 max) on cardiopulmonary exercise testing < 85% predicted

• Normal pulmonary artery pressure

• No contra-indication to pulmonary artery intervention procedure under general anaesthetic

• Able to give informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

• Contra-indication to cardiac MRI

• Not able to give informed consent

• Contra-indication to pulmonary artery intervention under general anaesthetic

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Partial Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Connection

Intervention

Device:
• Endovascular pulmonary artery flow-limiting covered stent implantation
selective reduction of flow in the pulmonary arteries affected by anomalous pulmonary venous drainage using a modified flow-limiting covered stent

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
United Kingdom	Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust	Leeds	West Yorkshire

Sponsors (1)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
The Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust

Country where clinical trial is conducted

United Kingdom, 

References & Publications (7)

Baumgartner H, De Backer J, Babu-Narayan SV, Budts W, Chessa M, Diller GP, Lung B, Kluin J, Lang IM, Meijboom F, Moons P, Mulder BJM, Oechslin E, Roos-Hesselink JW, Schwerzmann M, Sondergaard L, Zeppenfeld K; ESC Scientific Document Group. 2020 ESC Guidelines for the management of adult congenital heart disease. Eur Heart J. 2021 Feb 11;42(6):563-645. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa554. No abstract available. — View Citation

Geva T, Martins JD, Wald RM. Atrial septal defects. Lancet. 2014 May 31;383(9932):1921-32. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(13)62145-5. Epub 2014 Apr 8. — View Citation

Haramati LB, Moche IE, Rivera VT, Patel PV, Heyneman L, McAdams HP, Issenberg HJ, White CS. Computed tomography of partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection in adults. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 2003 Sep-Oct;27(5):743-9. doi: 10.1097/00004728-200309000-00011. — View Citation

HEALEY JE Jr. An anatomic survey of anomalous pulmonary veins: their clinical significance. J Thorac Surg. 1952 May;23(5):433-44. No abstract available. — View Citation

Hegde M, Manjunath SC, Usha MK. Isolated Partial Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Connection: Development of Volume Overload and Elevated Estimated Pulmonary Pressure in Adults. J Clin Imaging Sci. 2019 Jun 14;9:29. doi: 10.25259/JCIS-8-2019. eCollection 2019. — View Citation

Lewis RA, Billings CG, Bolger A, Bowater S, Charalampopoulos A, Clift P, Elliot CA, English K, Hamilton N, Hill C, Hurdman J, Jenkins PJ, Johns C, MacDonald S, Oliver J, Papaioannou V, Rajaram S, Sabroe I, Swift AJ, Thompson AAR, Kiely DG, Condliffe R. Partial anomalous pulmonary venous drainage in patients presenting with suspected pulmonary hypertension: A series of 90 patients from the ASPIRE registry. Respirology. 2020 Oct;25(10):1066-1072. doi: 10.1111/resp.13815. Epub 2020 Apr 6. — View Citation

Stewart RD, Bailliard F, Kelle AM, Backer CL, Young L, Mavroudis C. Evolving surgical strategy for sinus venosus atrial septal defect: effect on sinus node function and late venous obstruction. Ann Thorac Surg. 2007 Nov;84(5):1651-5; discussion 1655. doi: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2007.04.130. — View Citation

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Primary	Right ventricular end diastolic volume	changes in right ventricular end diastolic volume assessed by MRI	6 months post procedure