Novel Biomarkers of Acute Kidney Injury Following Cardiac Surgery Clinical Trial
Official title:
Biomarkers of Acute Kidney Injury Following Cardiopulmonary Bypass Surgery-supported Cardiac Surgery
Acute kidney injury occurs in up to 30% of patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Cardiac surgery associated-acute kidney injury (CSA-AKI) is characterized by a sudden and sustained decrease in renal function with insufficient elimination waste products. The problem is that postoperative diagnosis of CSA-AKI is delayed because it relies solely upon the slow and unreliable rise in serum creatinine (SCr) levels that may lead to delayed start in treatment and increased risk of adverse outcomes. We hypothesize that Matrix Metalloproteins (MMPs) -2, -9 and Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) are associated with and earlier detectors of CSA-AKI compared to levels of SCr.
Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), although essential to the performance of most cardiac
operations, has been shown to cause injury to other organs, particularly to the kidneys and
brain. Matrix Metalloproteins (MMPs) are ubiquitous proteolytic enzymes that degrade
extracellular matrix and have been shown to be involved in injury to transplant kidneys. To
date, no interventions are available to decrease the risk of cardiac surgery associated-acute
kidney injury (CSA-AKI).
NGAL is a known indicator of injury to kidney, thus making it a promising biomarker for
CSA-AKI. It may be that a single biomarker will not be sensitive and specific across the
spectrum of CSA-AKI. This research investigates MMP-2, -9 and Neutrophil
gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) and their association with and earlier detection of
CSA-AKI compared to levels of SCr.
We hypothesize that increased activity of MMPs are associated with CSA-AKI. Furthermore,
MMP-2 and/ or -9 may be predictors and/ or biomarkers for the early detection of CSA-AKI
compared to serum levels of creatinine.
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