Performance Enhancing Product Use Clinical Trial
Official title:
TRUE CHAMPION: An Educational Videogame Intervention for the Prevention of Doping and Supplement Abuse in Teenage Athletes
The purpose of this research is to test the effectiveness of an interactive doping education videogame among student athletes. Specifically, the game will teach athletes aged 13-16 years about the risks of doping and will foster the values, motivation, and behavioural skills needed to avoid temptation and pressure to dope. The investigators hypothesize that student athletes who play the intervention game will have lower use of banned substances and sport supplements, greater intentions to stay clean, and will also show improvements in the cognitive and motivational antecedents to doping when compared to a control condition.
Status | Not yet recruiting |
Enrollment | 284 |
Est. completion date | June 2022 |
Est. primary completion date | December 2021 |
Accepts healthy volunteers | Accepts Healthy Volunteers |
Gender | All |
Age group | 13 Years to 16 Years |
Eligibility |
Inclusion Criteria: - Subject competes in a competitive sport at the high school level or higher - Able to read and understand English Exclusion Criteria: - None |
Country | Name | City | State |
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n/a |
Lead Sponsor | Collaborator |
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McGill University | Digitalmill, Inc., International Olympic Committee, Phantom Compass, World Anti-doping Agency |
Boardley I, Smith AL, Mills JP, Grix J, Wynne C., & Wilkins L. Development of Moral Disengagement and Self-Regulatory Efficacy Assessments Relevant to Doping in Sport and Exercise. SportRxiv, 12 Oct. 2017. Web.
Chan DK, Dimmock JA, Donovan RJ, Hardcastle S, Lentillon-Kaestner V, Hagger MS. Self-determined motivation in sport predicts anti-doping motivation and intention: a perspective from the trans-contextual model. J Sci Med Sport. 2015 May;18(3):315-22. doi: 10.1016/j.jsams.2014.04.001. Epub 2014 Apr 13. — View Citation
Goulet C, Valois P, Buist A, Côté M. Predictors of the use of performance-enhancing substances by young athletes. Clin J Sport Med. 2010 Jul;20(4):243-8. doi: 10.1097/JSM.0b013e3181e0b935. — View Citation
Nicholls AR, Levy AR, Meir R, Sanctuary C, Jones L, Baghurst T, Thompson MA, Perry JL. The development and validation of the Adolescent Sport Drug Inventory (ASDI) among athletes from four continents. Psychol Assess. 2019 Nov;31(11):1279-1293. doi: 10.1037/pas0000750. Epub 2019 Jul 18. — View Citation
Type | Measure | Description | Time frame | Safety issue |
---|---|---|---|---|
Primary | Use of banned substances | Self-reported use of banned substances for performance enhancement or recovery in sport. This outcome will be measured using a self-reported questionnaire. Scale: Performance-Enhancing Substances and Methods Use Minimum value: 1 - extremely unlikely (better outcome) Maximum value: 7 - extremely likely (worse outcome) |
12 months | |
Primary | Use of sport supplements | Self-reported use of supplements for performance enhancement or recovery in sport. This outcome will be measured using a self-reported questionnaire. Scale: Performance-Enhancing Substances and Methods Use Minimum value: 1 - extremely unlikely (better outcome) Maximum value: 7 - extremely likely (worse outcome) |
12 months | |
Primary | Intentions to use banned substances and sport supplements | Self-reported intentions of using banned substances or supplements for performance enhancement or recovery in sport. This outcome will be measured using a self-reported questionnaire. Scale: Performance-Enhancing Substances and Methods Use Minimum value: 1 - extremely unlikely (better outcome) Maximum value: 7 - extremely likely (worse outcome) |
12 months | |
Secondary | Knowledge | Knowledge of anti-doping rules, definitions and consequences of doping. This outcome will be assessed using a True/False questionnaire. |
12 months | |
Secondary | Doping Self-Regulatory Efficacy | Self-efficacy for refusing doping under a variety of pressure situations. This outcome will be measured using a validated questionnaire. Scale: Doping Self-Regulatory Efficacy Minimum value: 1 - no confidence (better outcome) Maximum value: 5 - complete confidence (worse outcome) |
12 months | |
Secondary | Motivation | Motivations for abstaining from doping. This outcome will be measured using an adaptation of a validated questionnaire. Scale: Treatment Self-Regulation Questionnaire for the Avoidance of Doping in Sport Minimum value: 1 - not true at all (worse outcome) Maximum value: 7 - very true (better outcome) |
12 months | |
Secondary | Attitudes | Attitudes towards doping in sport. This outcome will be measured using a subscale from a validated questionnaire. Scale: The Adolescent Sport Doping Inventory Minimum value: 1 - strongly disagree (worse outcome) Maximum value: 7 - strongly agree (better outcome) Note: some items are reverse-scored |
12 months | |
Secondary | Anti-doping protective behaviours | Self-reported engagement in behaviours linked to doping abstinence. Scale: Microbehaviours Minimum value: 1 - never (worse outcome) Maximum value: 7 - always (better outcome) |
12 months | |
Secondary | Doping refusal | Self-report of having refused a supplement or performance-enhancing substance. This outcome will be assessed using a Yes (worse outcome) or No (better outcome) questionnaire. |
12 months | |
Secondary | Gameplay experience | Enjoyment and acceptability of the True Champion videogame among players assigned to the intervention condition. This outcome will be assessed using a questionnaire we have created. Answers will range from "strongly disagree" to "strongly agree". |
1 month |
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