Transcranial Electrical Stimulation Clinical Trial
Official title:
Enhancement of Posture Training Effectiveness With Error-enhancing Feedback and Cerebellar Stimulation
Motor learning relies on both feedback and feedforward mechanisms to keep progressive
optimization of motor behaviors in a coordinated manner. Error correction based on the
fronto-parietal loop is subject to error information inherent within visual feedback. On the
other hand, cerebellar activity for restoration of efferent copy involves in operation of
feedforward mechanism. Therefore, the amount of error feedback and excitation of cerebellum
are keyed to effectiveness of motor learning. Although postural training is of empirical
value to prevent falling from the elderly, yet none of previous studies have ever been
devoted to improve effectiveness of postural training via manipulations of visual error
feedback and cerebellar stimulation.
From the aspect of cognition-motor interaction, the present proposal is a three-year project
intended to promote effectiveness of postural training for the elderly. In the first year,
feedback-based training benefits from a dynamic postural task under the conditions of
different visual size of error feedback (error-reducing feedback, error-enhancing feedback,
and fixed error feedback) will be contrasted. In the second year, feedforward-based training
benefits from a dynamic postural task by application of cerebellum transcranial electrical
stimulation (ctDCS) of different modes (direct current vs. noise vs. sham) will be
contrasted. In the third year, the proposal will examine whether postural training with
combined approach (error-enhancing feedback and ctDCS) could result in a superior training
benefit to those of error-enhancing feedback alone and ctDCS alone approaches. In addition to
innovative training intervention, this proposal will make use of current non-linear analyses
on EEG signals and postural sway with graph analysis and heading analysis, respectively. It
is expected to gain additional insight into behavior and brain mechanisms underlying
learning-related changes with the postural training, potentially lending to a more effective
training paradigm for postural stability of the elderly.
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