Mexiletine for the Treatment of Muscle Cramps in ALS

Muscle Cramps in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Clinical Trial

Official title:

Mexiletine for the Treatment of Muscle Cramps in ALS

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Active, not recruiting

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT01811355
• Other study ID #: 378164-3
• Status: Active, not recruiting
• Phase: Phase 4
• First received: March 6, 2013
• Last updated: January 18, 2016
• Start date: May 2013
• Est. completion date: June 2016

Study information

• Verified date: January 2016
• Source: University of California, Davis
• Contact: n/a
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Health authority: United States: Institutional Review BoardUnited States: Food and Drug Administration
• Study type: Interventional

Clinical Trial Summary

The purpose of this study is to determine if mexiletine is effective for the treatment of muscle cramps in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS).

Description:

Background:

Many ALS patients suffer from painful muscle cramps, but unfortunately we do not have any medication proven to help muscle cramps in ALS. Reducing the pain caused by cramps - which can be debilitating - could help people living with ALS.

Muscle cramps are sudden, painful, and involuntary contractions of a muscle. They are caused by nerve dysfunction. When we examine nerves and muscles electrically, we see cramps as bursts of high-frequency (up to150 Hz) firing of the motor nerve cells. Cramps in ALS are believed to be the result of an increase of persistent sodium currents in the sick lower motor nerve cells.

A medication called Quinine was for many years the commonly used drug for controlling cramps in ALS, but the FDA has advised against its use for cramps because of its potential risks (e.g., death). Today there is no agreement on how to treat cramps in the ALS. The American Academy of Neurology recently encouraged further studies of the treatment of muscle cramps and suggested lidocaine as one of a few drugs of special interest.

Mexiletine:

Mexiletine is a medication closely related to lidocaine that can be taken by mouth (instead of being injected). Mexiletine stops the type of sodium currents that are thought to cause muscle cramps. Mexiletine is a relatively older medication that has been extensively studied in humans. It has been shown to reduce the electrical measures of muscle cramps for other disease conditions. For example, in patients with another severe nerve disease - Machado-Joseph disease (SCA3) - mexiletine treatment led to a decrease in the average number of muscle cramps from 24 to 3 cramps per month.. The safety profile of mexiletine is good, with the most frequent side effects being nausea or other abdominal symptoms. These side effects are rare at the doses (300 mg/day) used in this study. In patients with normal heart function, mexiletine has a minimal effect on heart rhythm. In previous clinical trials, no subject developed any serious heart rate problem.

Experimental Plan:

Using multiple sites within the State of California we will quickly enroll a small number (N=30) of ALS patients with severe muscle cramps. The study is a double-blinded, placebo controlled (i.e., the investigator and the participant does not know if the pills contain mexiletine or placebo), crossover (all subjects receive two weeks of mexiletine and two weeks of placebo) study.

After a one week run in, participants will be evaluated on their ability to fill out the cramp diary. Participants who filled out their diary will be randomly assigned to either mexiletine or placebo for their first two weeks. For the first three days of each 2-week period, one 150mg capsule will be taken at bed time. For day 4 to 14 one capsule twice per day will be taken. Each treatment period will be 2 weeks with an intervening 1 week washout period - for a total study length of 6 weeks. Safety will be monitored with liver function studies and EKG's.

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Active, not recruiting
• Enrollment: 30
• Est. completion date: June 2016
• Est. primary completion date: March 2016
• Accepts healthy volunteers: No
• Gender: Both
• Age group: 21 Years to 89 Years

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

• ALS diagnosed according to El Escorial criteria (Awaji version) as: Possible, Probable, or Definite.

• Experiencing cramps as a moderate or severe symptom as defined by willingness to take a medication for the symptom

• =2 cramps per week during run in week

• Life expectancy > 6 months, estimated by clinician

• Able to take drug capsule by mouth

• No significant EKG abnormality on screening

• aspartate aminotransferase / alanine aminotransferase <2x upper limit of normal measured at screening

• Having successfully filled out the cramp diary and cramp and fasciculation scales on six out of the last seven days of run in period

Exclusion Criteria:

• Inability to communicate by telephone or email

• Allergy/ known sensitivity to mexiletine

• Prior use of mexiletine

• AV block unless subject has pacemaker

• Cardiac arrhythmia

• Prior myocardial infarction

• Other significant EKG abnormality

• Liver disease

• History of leucopenia (WBC <3,500/mm3)

• Epilepsy

• Other serious and unstable medical condition

• Pregnant woman

• Breastfeeding woman

• Active drug or alcohol use or dependence that, in the opinion of the site investigator, would interfere with adherence to study requirements

• Use of quinidine (alone or as a component of Nuedexta®) during the study

• Inability or unwillingness of subject to give written informed consent

• Woman of childbearing potential, not willing to use at least two approved methods of contraception

• Use of a prohibited medication during study

Study Design

Allocation: Randomized, Endpoint Classification: Safety/Efficacy Study, Intervention Model: Crossover Assignment, Masking: Double Blind (Subject, Caregiver, Investigator, Outcomes Assessor), Primary Purpose: Treatment

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
• Muscle Cramp
• Muscle Cramps in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
• Spasm

Intervention

Drug:
• Mexiletine
Sodium channel blocker
• Placebo
Placebo

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
United States	UCD Telehealth Network - Lake Almanor Clinic	Chester	California
United States	UCSD Department of Neurosciences ALS Clinical Trials (ACT) Program	La Jolla	California
United States	UCLA Neuromuscular Research Program	Los Angeles	California
United States	UCD Telehealth Network	One hundred sites	California
United States	UC Irvine Health ALS & Neuromuscular Center	Orange	California
United States	UC, Davis Medical Center ALS Clinic	Sacramento	California

Sponsors (3)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
Bjorn Oskarsson, MD	ALS Association, University of California, Davis

Country where clinical trial is conducted

United States, 

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Primary	Cramp diary	Daily recording of number of muscle cramps that occurred in the last 24 hours.	Daily during the 6 week study	No

External Links

•   UCD ALS CLINIC