PSGN - Post-Streptococcal Glomerulonephritis Clinical Trial
Official title:
Clinical Spectrum and Outcome of Acute Post Streptococcal Glomerulonephritis in Children .
Acute post streptococcal glomerulonephritis is an immunologic response of the kidney to infection, characterized by the sudden appearance of edema, hematuria, proteinuria and hypertension . It is essentially a disease of childhood that accounts for approximately 90% of renal disorders in children. The disease occurs especially in children between the ages of 2 and 12 years and young adults, and more often in male than in female .
Acute post streptococcal glomerulonephritis are caused by group A beta haemolytic
streptococci and follow upper airway infections such as pharyngitis or tonsillitis, by 14 to
21 days and 3-6 weeks after skin infection especially in warmer climates .
In recent decades the number of patients with post streptococcal glomerulonephritis has
decreased considerably in the United States and Europe industrialized countries. In other
parts of the world ,some developing communities. the incidence of post streptococcal
glomerulonephritis has remained high. post streptococcal glomerulonephritis is one of the
leading cause requiring hospital admissions in children , and it is also an important cause
of acute renal failure in developing countries. Though deaths due to this disease are rare,
it can cause serious complications such as hypertensive emergency, congestive cardiac
failure, renal failure, encephalopathy and retinopathy .
Acute post streptococcal glomerulonephritis can also progress to rapidly progressive
glomerulonephritis which is defined as''a syndrome that progresses rapidly within a few
weeks or months to renal failure and is accompanied by urinary findings of nephritis.'' The
clinical concept of rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis includes various renal diseases
that cause renal function to deteriorate over a subacute course. Necrotizing crescentic
glomerulonephritis is often observed in histopathological findings .
Acute post streptococcal glomerulonephritis was diagnosed in the presence of :
features of acute nephritic syndrome. evidence of recent streptococcal infection. lower
serum complement three levels. Anti streptolysin o titre >200 units/ml was considered as
evidence of recent streptococcal infection
;