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Clinical Trial Details — Status: Active, not recruiting

Administrative data

NCT number NCT04889729
Other study ID # GENOMED4ALL: MDS
Secondary ID
Status Active, not recruiting
Phase
First received
Last updated
Start date March 15, 2021
Est. completion date December 31, 2024

Study information

Verified date September 2022
Source Istituto Clinico Humanitas
Contact n/a
Is FDA regulated No
Health authority
Study type Observational

Clinical Trial Summary

Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) typically occur in elderly people. Current disese classifcation system and prognostic scores (International Prognostic Scoring System, IPSS) present limitations and in most cases fail to capture reliable prognostic information at individual level. Study of MDS has been rapidly transformed by genome characterization and there is increasing evidence that mutation screening may add significant information to currently available prognostic scores. The project will aim to develop artificial intelligence (AI)-based solutions to improve MDS classification and prognostication, through the implementation of a personalized medicine approach. In close collaboration with the European Reference Network on Rare Hematological Diseases (ERN-EuroBloodNet, FPA 739541), GENOMED4ALL involves multiple clinical partners from the network, while leveraging on healthcare information and repositories that will be gathered incorporating interoperability standards as promoted by ERN-EuroBloodNet central registry, the European Rare Blood Disorders Platform (ENROL, GA 947670).


Description:

Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) typically occur in elderly people. Patients present peripheral blood cytopenia, and with time a portion of these subjects evolve into acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). The natural history of MDS is heterogeneous ranging from conditions with a near-normal life expectancy to forms close to AML, and therefore a risk-adapted treatment strategy is mandatory. Current prognostic scores (Revised International Prognostic Scoring System, IPSS-R) present limitations, and in most cases fail to capture reliable prognostic information at individual level. Study of MDS has been rapidly transformed by genome characterization. Somatic mutations occur in the genomes of hematopoietic stem cells at a low, but detectable frequency during normal DNA replication. Any genetic alteration that causes a selective advantage relative to other self-renewing cells will lead to clonal dominance (clonal haematopoiesis, CH). The consequence of CH is genomic instability leading to increased risk of acquiring additional mutations and to develop MDS, solid cancer and other illnesses. The time and place of individual mutations and their clonal emergence during the course of the disease are central issues for a better comprehension of MDS pathogenesis and phenotype and for the development of cancer preventive strategies. Important steps forward have been made in defining the molecular architecture of MDS. The MDS associated with 5q deletion derives from the haploinsufficiency of RPS14 gene. Genes encoding for spliceosome components were identified in a high proportion of subjects with MDS. There is a close relationship between ring sideroblasts and SF3B1 mutations, which is consistent with a causal relationship. In addition, an increasing number of genes have been found to carry recurrent mutations in MDS, involved in DNA methylation (DNMT3A, TET2, IDH1/2), chromatin modification (EZH2, ASXL1), transcriptional regulation (RUNX1), signal transduction (KRAS, CBL). Gene mutations have been reported to influence survival and risk of disease progression in MDS, and the evaluation of the mutation status may add significant information to currently used prognostic scores. For instance, we found that SF3B1 mutations were independent predictors of favorable prognosis, while driver mutations of ASXL1, SRSF2, RUNX1, TP53 and EZH2 genes were associated with a reduced probability of survival. MDS with ring sideroblasts provide the best evidence that the identification of the mutant gene responsible for the initial clone is relevant to clinical outcome. In fact, ring sideroblasts may be found not only in patients with a founding mutation in SF3B1, but also in those with an initiating oncogenic lesion in SRSF2. However, the median leukemia-free survival is >10 years in the former vs <2 years in the latter. Moreover, mutation screening may affect clinical decision making : a) in MDS with 5q-, subjects carrying TP53 mutations have a higher risk of leukemic progression and a lower probability of response to lenalidomide; b) in patients receiving HSCT, TP53 mutations predict high probability of relapse; c) SF3B1 mutations are associated with increased probability of erythroid response to TGFb inhibitors (luspatercept), and d) TET2 mutations might be associated with response to HMA. Despite these findings, caution is needed against immediately adopting such mutational testing in clinical practice. First, the presence of mutations in a given individual has only limited predictive power, as conversion to MDS is rare regardless of mutation status. In addition, in patients with overt MDS, genetic abnormalities explain only a proportion of the total hazard for survival associated with specific treatments, meaning that a large percentage is still associated with clinical and non-mutational factors. Comprehensive analyses of large patient population and new methods to study gene-gene interactions and genoptype-phenotype correlations are warranted to correctly estimate the independent effect of each genomic abnormality on clinical outcome and response to treatment. By combining an already available, large amount of sequenced genomic data and clinical information, the authors hypothesize that AI will allow to understand better MDS biology and classification, enhance prognostic/predictive capacity of currently available tools and apply treatments in a more targeted way, thus facilitating the implementation of personalized medicine program across EU.


Recruitment information / eligibility

Status Active, not recruiting
Enrollment 13284
Est. completion date December 31, 2024
Est. primary completion date December 15, 2022
Accepts healthy volunteers No
Gender All
Age group 18 Years and older
Eligibility Inclusion Criteria: - Patients affected by MDS according WHO criteria > 18 years old - Avaliability of clinical and hematological information - Availability of information on targeted mutation screening Exclusion Criteria: - none of the above

Study Design


Related Conditions & MeSH terms


Locations

Country Name City State
Italy Istituto Clinico Humanitas Milano

Sponsors (1)

Lead Sponsor Collaborator
Istituto Clinico Humanitas

Country where clinical trial is conducted

Italy, 

References & Publications (31)

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Bacher U, Haferlach T, Schnittger S, Zenger M, Meggendorfer M, Jeromin S, Roller A, Grossmann V, Krauth MT, Alpermann T, Kern W, Haferlach C. Investigation of 305 patients with myelodysplastic syndromes and 20q deletion for associated cytogenetic and molecular genetic lesions and their prognostic impact. Br J Haematol. 2014 Mar;164(6):822-33. doi: 10.1111/bjh.12710. Epub 2013 Dec 26. — View Citation

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Cazzola M, Della Porta MG, Malcovati L. The genetic basis of myelodysplasia and its clinical relevance. Blood. 2013 Dec 12;122(25):4021-34. doi: 10.1182/blood-2013-09-381665. Epub 2013 Oct 17. Review. — View Citation

Della Porta MG, Gallì A, Bacigalupo A, Zibellini S, Bernardi M, Rizzo E, Allione B, van Lint MT, Pioltelli P, Marenco P, Bosi A, Voso MT, Sica S, Cuzzola M, Angelucci E, Rossi M, Ubezio M, Malovini A, Limongelli I, Ferretti VV, Spinelli O, Tresoldi C, Pozzi S, Luchetti S, Pezzetti L, Catricalà S, Milanesi C, Riva A, Bruno B, Ciceri F, Bonifazi F, Bellazzi R, Papaemmanuil E, Santoro A, Alessandrino EP, Rambaldi A, Cazzola M. Clinical Effects of Driver Somatic Mutations on the Outcomes of Patients With Myelodysplastic Syndromes Treated With Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem-Cell Transplantation. J Clin Oncol. 2016 Oct 20;34(30):3627-3637. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2016.67.3616. — View Citation

Della Porta MG, Travaglino E, Boveri E, Ponzoni M, Malcovati L, Papaemmanuil E, Rigolin GM, Pascutto C, Croci G, Gianelli U, Milani R, Ambaglio I, Elena C, Ubezio M, Da Via' MC, Bono E, Pietra D, Quaglia F, Bastia R, Ferretti V, Cuneo A, Morra E, Campbell PJ, Orazi A, Invernizzi R, Cazzola M; Rete Ematologica Lombarda (REL) Clinical Network. Minimal morphological criteria for defining bone marrow dysplasia: a basis for clinical implementation of WHO classification of myelodysplastic syndromes. Leukemia. 2015 Jan;29(1):66-75. doi: 10.1038/leu.2014.161. Epub 2014 May 20. — View Citation

Della Porta MG, Tuechler H, Malcovati L, Schanz J, Sanz G, Garcia-Manero G, Solé F, Bennett JM, Bowen D, Fenaux P, Dreyfus F, Kantarjian H, Kuendgen A, Levis A, Cermak J, Fonatsch C, Le Beau MM, Slovak ML, Krieger O, Luebbert M, Maciejewski J, Magalhaes SM, Miyazaki Y, Pfeilstöcker M, Sekeres MA, Sperr WR, Stauder R, Tauro S, Valent P, Vallespi T, van de Loosdrecht AA, Germing U, Haase D, Greenberg PL, Cazzola M. Validation of WHO classification-based Prognostic Scoring System (WPSS) for myelodysplastic syndromes and comparison with the revised International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS-R). A study of the International Working Group for Prognosis in Myelodysplasia (IWG-PM). Leukemia. 2015 Jul;29(7):1502-13. doi: 10.1038/leu.2015.55. Epub 2015 Feb 27. — View Citation

Gerstung M, Papaemmanuil E, Martincorena I, Bullinger L, Gaidzik VI, Paschka P, Heuser M, Thol F, Bolli N, Ganly P, Ganser A, McDermott U, Döhner K, Schlenk RF, Döhner H, Campbell PJ. Precision oncology for acute myeloid leukemia using a knowledge bank approach. Nat Genet. 2017 Mar;49(3):332-340. doi: 10.1038/ng.3756. Epub 2017 Jan 16. — View Citation

Greenberg PL, Tuechler H, Schanz J, Sanz G, Garcia-Manero G, Solé F, Bennett JM, Bowen D, Fenaux P, Dreyfus F, Kantarjian H, Kuendgen A, Levis A, Malcovati L, Cazzola M, Cermak J, Fonatsch C, Le Beau MM, Slovak ML, Krieger O, Luebbert M, Maciejewski J, Magalhaes SM, Miyazaki Y, Pfeilstöcker M, Sekeres M, Sperr WR, Stauder R, Tauro S, Valent P, Vallespi T, van de Loosdrecht AA, Germing U, Haase D. Revised international prognostic scoring system for myelodysplastic syndromes. Blood. 2012 Sep 20;120(12):2454-65. Epub 2012 Jun 27. — View Citation

Grinfeld J, Nangalia J, Baxter EJ, Wedge DC, Angelopoulos N, Cantrill R, Godfrey AL, Papaemmanuil E, Gundem G, MacLean C, Cook J, O'Neil L, O'Meara S, Teague JW, Butler AP, Massie CE, Williams N, Nice FL, Andersen CL, Hasselbalch HC, Guglielmelli P, McMullin MF, Vannucchi AM, Harrison CN, Gerstung M, Green AR, Campbell PJ. Classification and Personalized Prognosis in Myeloproliferative Neoplasms. N Engl J Med. 2018 Oct 11;379(15):1416-1430. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1716614. — View Citation

Haase D, Stevenson KE, Neuberg D, Maciejewski JP, Nazha A, Sekeres MA, Ebert BL, Garcia-Manero G, Haferlach C, Haferlach T, Kern W, Ogawa S, Nagata Y, Yoshida K, Graubert TA, Walter MJ, List AF, Komrokji RS, Padron E, Sallman D, Papaemmanuil E, Campbell PJ, Savona MR, Seegmiller A, Adès L, Fenaux P, Shih LY, Bowen D, Groves MJ, Tauro S, Fontenay M, Kosmider O, Bar-Natan M, Steensma D, Stone R, Heuser M, Thol F, Cazzola M, Malcovati L, Karsan A, Ganster C, Hellström-Lindberg E, Boultwood J, Pellagatti A, Santini V, Quek L, Vyas P, Tüchler H, Greenberg PL, Bejar R; International Working Group for MDS Molecular Prognostic Committee. TP53 mutation status divides myelodysplastic syndromes with complex karyotypes into distinct prognostic subgroups. Leukemia. 2019 Jul;33(7):1747-1758. doi: 10.1038/s41375-018-0351-2. Epub 2019 Jan 11. — View Citation

Haferlach T, Nagata Y, Grossmann V, Okuno Y, Bacher U, Nagae G, Schnittger S, Sanada M, Kon A, Alpermann T, Yoshida K, Roller A, Nadarajah N, Shiraishi Y, Shiozawa Y, Chiba K, Tanaka H, Koeffler HP, Klein HU, Dugas M, Aburatani H, Kohlmann A, Miyano S, Haferlach C, Kern W, Ogawa S. Landscape of genetic lesions in 944 patients with myelodysplastic syndromes. Leukemia. 2014 Feb;28(2):241-7. doi: 10.1038/leu.2013.336. Epub 2013 Nov 13. — View Citation

Harrell FE Jr, Lee KL, Mark DB. Multivariable prognostic models: issues in developing models, evaluating assumptions and adequacy, and measuring and reducing errors. Stat Med. 1996 Feb 28;15(4):361-87. Review. — View Citation

Klampfl T, Gisslinger H, Harutyunyan AS, Nivarthi H, Rumi E, Milosevic JD, Them NC, Berg T, Gisslinger B, Pietra D, Chen D, Vladimer GI, Bagienski K, Milanesi C, Casetti IC, Sant'Antonio E, Ferretti V, Elena C, Schischlik F, Cleary C, Six M, Schalling M, Schönegger A, Bock C, Malcovati L, Pascutto C, Superti-Furga G, Cazzola M, Kralovics R. Somatic mutations of calreticulin in myeloproliferative neoplasms. N Engl J Med. 2013 Dec 19;369(25):2379-90. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1311347. Epub 2013 Dec 10. — View Citation

Kulasekararaj AG, Jiang J, Smith AE, Mohamedali AM, Mian S, Gandhi S, Gaken J, Czepulkowski B, Marsh JC, Mufti GJ. Somatic mutations identify a subgroup of aplastic anemia patients who progress to myelodysplastic syndrome. Blood. 2014 Oct 23;124(17):2698-704. doi: 10.1182/blood-2014-05-574889. Epub 2014 Aug 18. — View Citation

Liang Y, Tebaldi T, Rejeski K, Joshi P, Stefani G, Taylor A, Song Y, Vasic R, Maziarz J, Balasubramanian K, Ardasheva A, Ding A, Quattrone A, Halene S. SRSF2 mutations drive oncogenesis by activating a global program of aberrant alternative splicing in hematopoietic cells. Leukemia. 2018 Dec;32(12):2659-2671. doi: 10.1038/s41375-018-0152-7. Epub 2018 Jun 1. — View Citation

Lindsley RC, Saber W, Mar BG, Redd R, Wang T, Haagenson MD, Grauman PV, Hu ZH, Spellman SR, Lee SJ, Verneris MR, Hsu K, Fleischhauer K, Cutler C, Antin JH, Neuberg D, Ebert BL. Prognostic Mutations in Myelodysplastic Syndrome after Stem-Cell Transplantation. N Engl J Med. 2017 Feb 9;376(6):536-547. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1611604. — View Citation

Malcovati L, Hellström-Lindberg E, Bowen D, Adès L, Cermak J, Del Cañizo C, Della Porta MG, Fenaux P, Gattermann N, Germing U, Jansen JH, Mittelman M, Mufti G, Platzbecker U, Sanz GF, Selleslag D, Skov-Holm M, Stauder R, Symeonidis A, van de Loosdrecht AA, de Witte T, Cazzola M; European Leukemia Net. Diagnosis and treatment of primary myelodysplastic syndromes in adults: recommendations from the European LeukemiaNet. Blood. 2013 Oct 24;122(17):2943-64. doi: 10.1182/blood-2013-03-492884. Epub 2013 Aug 26. — View Citation

Malcovati L, Papaemmanuil E, Bowen DT, Boultwood J, Della Porta MG, Pascutto C, Travaglino E, Groves MJ, Godfrey AL, Ambaglio I, Gallì A, Da Vià MC, Conte S, Tauro S, Keenan N, Hyslop A, Hinton J, Mudie LJ, Wainscoat JS, Futreal PA, Stratton MR, Campbell PJ, Hellström-Lindberg E, Cazzola M; Chronic Myeloid Disorders Working Group of the International Cancer Genome Consortium and of the Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro Gruppo Italiano Malattie Mieloproliferative. Clinical significance of SF3B1 mutations in myelodysplastic syndromes and myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasms. Blood. 2011 Dec 8;118(24):6239-46. doi: 10.1182/blood-2011-09-377275. Epub 2011 Oct 12. — View Citation

Malcovati L, Porta MG, Pascutto C, Invernizzi R, Boni M, Travaglino E, Passamonti F, Arcaini L, Maffioli M, Bernasconi P, Lazzarino M, Cazzola M. Prognostic factors and life expectancy in myelodysplastic syndromes classified according to WHO criteria: a basis for clinical decision making. J Clin Oncol. 2005 Oct 20;23(30):7594-603. Epub 2005 Sep 26. — View Citation

Masaki S, Ikeda S, Hata A, Shiozawa Y, Kon A, Ogawa S, Suzuki K, Hakuno F, Takahashi SI, Kataoka N. Myelodysplastic Syndrome-Associated SRSF2 Mutations Cause Splicing Changes by Altering Binding Motif Sequences. Front Genet. 2019 Apr 16;10:338. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00338. eCollection 2019. — View Citation

Papaemmanuil E, Cazzola M, Boultwood J, Malcovati L, Vyas P, Bowen D, Pellagatti A, Wainscoat JS, Hellstrom-Lindberg E, Gambacorti-Passerini C, Godfrey AL, Rapado I, Cvejic A, Rance R, McGee C, Ellis P, Mudie LJ, Stephens PJ, McLaren S, Massie CE, Tarpey PS, Varela I, Nik-Zainal S, Davies HR, Shlien A, Jones D, Raine K, Hinton J, Butler AP, Teague JW, Baxter EJ, Score J, Galli A, Della Porta MG, Travaglino E, Groves M, Tauro S, Munshi NC, Anderson KC, El-Naggar A, Fischer A, Mustonen V, Warren AJ, Cross NC, Green AR, Futreal PA, Stratton MR, Campbell PJ; Chronic Myeloid Disorders Working Group of the International Cancer Genome Consortium. Somatic SF3B1 mutation in myelodysplasia with ring sideroblasts. N Engl J Med. 2011 Oct 13;365(15):1384-95. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1103283. Epub 2011 Sep 26. — View Citation

Papaemmanuil E, Gerstung M, Bullinger L, Gaidzik VI, Paschka P, Roberts ND, Potter NE, Heuser M, Thol F, Bolli N, Gundem G, Van Loo P, Martincorena I, Ganly P, Mudie L, McLaren S, O'Meara S, Raine K, Jones DR, Teague JW, Butler AP, Greaves MF, Ganser A, Döhner K, Schlenk RF, Döhner H, Campbell PJ. Genomic Classification and Prognosis in Acute Myeloid Leukemia. N Engl J Med. 2016 Jun 9;374(23):2209-2221. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1516192. — View Citation

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* Note: There are 31 references in allClick here to view all references

Outcome

Type Measure Description Time frame Safety issue
Primary Improving MDS classification To improve classification of MDS by integrating clinical and hematological information with genomic features. To address this issue, different methods of statistical learning (Dirichlet processes (DP), Bayesian networks (BN)) and machine learning (deep learning physics informed neural network, constrained regression and deep models) will be compared in order to define specific genotype-phenotype correlations and to develop a new disease classification. through study completion, an average of 2 years
Primary Prediction of probability of overall survival (months between diagnosis and death or end of follow up) for patients with MDS Overall survival (OS) will be defined as the time (expressed in months) between diagnosis and death (as a result of all causes) or end of follow-up (censored observations).
New prognostic scores will be defined including the following features: age expressed in years; sex (male or female); neutrophils count (number of neutrophils*10^6/L), platelets count (number of plateles 10^6/L), hemoglobin concentration (g/dl), cytogenetics (stratified according to IPPS-R criteria, Blood 2012 120: 2454-2465), percentage of bone marrrow blasts and presence of gene mutations (presence versus absence).
Different statistical methods will be used to measure prediction accuracy (measured by concordance index, C-index): Cox proporsional-hazard methods, random survival forests, neural networks, continous individualized risk index (CIRI), times series analysis and Markov modeling for stochastic trajectories prediction
through study completion, an average of 2 years
Primary Prediction of probability of leukemia free surivival (months from diagnosis to progression to acute leukemia or end of follow up) for patients with MDS Leukemia will be defined as the time (expressed in months) between diagnosis and progression to acute leukemia or end of follow-up.
New prognostic scores will be defined including the following features: age expressed in years; sex (male or female); neutrophils count (number of neutrophils*10^6/L), platelets count (number of plateles 10^6/L), hemoglobin concentration (g/dl), cytogenetics (stratified according to IPPS-R criteria, Blood 2012 120: 2454-2465), percentage of bone marrrow blasts and presence of gene mutations (presence versus absence).
Different statistical methods will be used to measure prediction accuracy (measured by concordance index, C-index): Cox proporsional-hazard methods, random survival forests, neural networks, continous individualized risk index (CIRI), times series analysis and Markov modeling for stochastic trajectories prediction
through study completion, an average of 2 years
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