Vital Pulp Therapy in Carious Teeth With Hypomineralization

Molar Incisor Hypomineralization Clinical Trial

Official title:

Outcome of Vital Pulp Therapy in Carious Teeth With Hypomineralization Defects: a Clinical Study

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Completed

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT03735069
• Other study ID #: 77-2017
• Status: Completed
• Phase: N/A
• Start date: September 12, 2017
• Est. completion date: January 30, 2020

Study information

• Verified date: February 2020
• Source: Jordan University of Science and Technology
• Contact: n/a
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Study type: Interventional

Clinical Trial Summary

Vital pulp therapy (VPT) is a general term for multiple procedures (indirect pulp cap, direct pulp cap and pulpotomy) all directed toward preserving pulp vitality and enable complete root development in immature teeth. The aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical, radiographic and histologic (if any teeth later are doomed for extraction for orthodontic or other reasons) success rate of VPT on treating cariously exposed permanent teeth with developmental defects of enamel. This will be a a prospective case series study including children between 6-16 years old having tooth with enamel hypomineralization defect with deep caries, restorable teeth , and no signs of infection. The teeth will be followed up both clinically and radiographically for 1 year after treatment. It is expected that the teeth will maintain vitality with resolution of symptoms (if present) and completion of root development in immature teeth after vital pulp therapy.

Description:

Background: One of the greatest challenges that may affect the integrity of teeth is dental caries. If left untreated, pulpal involvement may occur leading to irreversible damage and eventually necrosis. This risk is greatly increased in the presence of developmental defects affecting tooth enamel such as molar-incisor hypomineralization (MIH). Despite having high success rate, root canal treatment will lead to loss of proprioceptive function, loss of stress-reducing damping property and tooth sensitivity in developed teeth and will also inhibit complete root formation in immature permanent teeth. Vital pulp therapy (VPT) is a general term for multiple procedures (indirect pulp cap, direct pulp cap and pulpotomy) all directed toward preserving pulp vitality and enable complete root development in immature teeth. So, it has been advocated as a better alternative for pulpectomy/root canal treatment in deep carious vital permanent teeth.

Aim: To evaluate the clinical, radiographic and histologic (if any teeth later are doomed for extraction for orthodontic or other reasons) success rate of VPT on treating cariously exposed permanent teeth with developmental defects of enamel.

Materials and methods: The study will be a prospective case series study including children between 6-16 years old. Inclusion criteria include patients having tooth with enamel hypomineralization defect with deep caries. Teeth should be restorable tooth. No soft tissue swellings, mobility or tenderness to percussion should be present. In cases of pulpotomy, bleeding from all canals should be present after opening the access. Tooth should be diagnosed with reversible / irreversible pulpitis (as indicated by positive response to cold testing).

Medically compromised patients will be excluded from the study. Also any tooth that is non-restorable, having sinus tract or periodontally compromised will be excluded. The procedure involves taking preoperative compete records (radiograph, vitality tests, percussion, mobility and photographs). After administration of anesthetic agent, rubber dam will be placed, caries is removed and appropriate dressing pulp material will be placed and then the final restoration is placed. A post-operative x-ray will be taken. The teeth will be followed up both clinically and radiographically for 1 year after treatment.

Expected Results: It is expected that the teeth will maintain vitality with resolution of symptoms (if present) and completion of root development in immature teeth after vital pulp therapy.

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Completed
• Enrollment: 62
• Est. completion date: January 30, 2020
• Est. primary completion date: November 15, 2019
• Accepts healthy volunteers: Accepts Healthy Volunteers
• Gender: All
• Age group: 6 Years to 16 Years

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

• Healthy patient between 6-16 years.

• Tooth with enamel hypomineralization defect

• Molar tooth with deep caries

• Restorable molar tooth

• No soft tissue swellings, mobility or tenderness to percussion

• Bleeding from all canals (when performing cervical pulpotomy)

• Reversible / Irreversible pulpitis (as indicated by positive response to pulp testing using cold test)

Exclusion Criteria:

• Medically compromised patient

• Non-restorable tooth

• Presence of dental abcess / sinus tract

• Periodontally compromised teeth

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Dental Caries
• Dental Caries Extending to Pulp
• Dental Enamel Hypoplasia
• Molar Incisor Hypomineralization

Intervention

Procedure:
• IPT (Indirect pulp treatment)
Indirect pulp treatment involves complete caries excavation from the dentin-enamel junction using a round bur. Caries near the pulp is removed with caution using spoon excavator until the remaining dentine shows increased resistance to manual instrumentation. A layer of resin-modified glass ionomer (RMGI) dressing material is placed, followed by resin-modified glass ionomer (RMGI) build-up material, and the final restoration; a preformed Stainless Steel Crown (SSC).
• Cvek/partial pulpotomy
Cvek/partial pulpotomy involves removal of inflamed pulp tissue to depth until healthy pulp tissue is reached (depth of 2-4 mm), as indicated by healthy bleeding and arrest of hemorrhage upon pressure with a cotton pellet moistened with 2.5% NaOCl for 2-5 minutes and repeated for two times if required. Gray MTA will be placed in the pulp chamber in 2-3 mm thickness, moist cotton pellet will be placed to ensure setting and the tooth will be temporized with IRM, the patient will be reviewed after 1 week. If the tooth is asymptomatic, final restoration with RMGIC and stainless steel crown will be placed , and a post-operative radiograph will be taken.
• Cervical pulpotomy
Cervical pulpotomy involves removal of inflamed pulp tissue from all pulp chamber as indicated by healthy bleeding and arrest of hemorrhage upon pressure with a cotton pellet moistened with 2.5% NaOCl for 6 minutes and repeated for two times if required. Gray MTA will be placed in the pulp chamber (2-3mm) thickness, moist cotton pellet will be placed to ensure setting and the tooth will be temporized with IRM, the patient will be reviewed after 1 week. If the tooth is asymptomatic, final restoration with RMGIC and stainless steel crown will be placed , and a post-operative radiograph will be taken.

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
Jordan	Jordan University of Science and Technology	Irbid

Sponsors (1)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
Jordan University of Science and Technology

Country where clinical trial is conducted

Jordan, 

References & Publications (19)

Aguilar P, Linsuwanont P. Vital pulp therapy in vital permanent teeth with cariously exposed pulp: a systematic review. J Endod. 2011 May;37(5):581-7. doi: 10.1016/j.joen.2010.12.004. Epub 2011 Mar 5. Review. — View Citation

Asgary S, Shahabi S, Jafarzadeh T, Amini S, Kheirieh S. The properties of a new endodontic material. J Endod. 2008 Aug;34(8):990-3. doi: 10.1016/j.joen.2008.05.006. Epub 2008 Jun 20. — View Citation

Bjørndal L, Reit C, Bruun G, Markvart M, Kjaeldgaard M, Näsman P, Thordrup M, Dige I, Nyvad B, Fransson H, Lager A, Ericson D, Petersson K, Olsson J, Santimano EM, Wennström A, Winkel P, Gluud C. Treatment of deep caries lesions in adults: randomized clinical trials comparing stepwise vs. direct complete excavation, and direct pulp capping vs. partial pulpotomy. Eur J Oral Sci. 2010 Jun;118(3):290-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0722.2010.00731.x. — View Citation

Farsi N, Alamoudi N, Balto K, Al Mushayt A. Clinical assessment of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) as direct pulp capping in young permanent teeth. J Clin Pediatr Dent. 2006 Winter;31(2):72-6. — View Citation

Gruythuysen RJ, van Strijp AJ, Wu MK. Long-term survival of indirect pulp treatment performed in primary and permanent teeth with clinically diagnosed deep carious lesions. J Endod. 2010 Sep;36(9):1490-3. doi: 10.1016/j.joen.2010.06.006. Erratum in: J Endod. 2010 Dec;36(12):2015. Gruythuysen, René [corrected to Gruythuysen, René J M]; van Strijp, Guus [corrected to van Strijp, A J P]. — View Citation

Lygidakis NA, Wong F, Jälevik B, Vierrou AM, Alaluusua S, Espelid I. Best Clinical Practice Guidance for clinicians dealing with children presenting with Molar-Incisor-Hypomineralisation (MIH): An EAPD Policy Document. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent. 2010 Apr;11(2):75-81. — View Citation

Mejàre I, Cvek M. Partial pulpotomy in young permanent teeth with deep carious lesions. Endod Dent Traumatol. 1993 Dec;9(6):238-42. — View Citation

Nosrat A, Seifi A, Asgary S. Pulpotomy in caries-exposed immature permanent molars using calcium-enriched mixture cement or mineral trioxide aggregate: a randomized clinical trial. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2013 Jan;23(1):56-63. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-263X.2012.01224.x. Epub 2012 Feb 6. — View Citation

Orstavik D, Kerekes K, Eriksen HM. The periapical index: a scoring system for radiographic assessment of apical periodontitis. Endod Dent Traumatol. 1986 Feb;2(1):20-34. — View Citation

Rajasekharan S, Martens LC, Cauwels RG, Verbeeck RM. Biodentine™ material characteristics and clinical applications: a review of the literature. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent. 2014 Jun;15(3):147-58. doi: 10.1007/s40368-014-0114-3. Epub 2014 Mar 11. Review. — View Citation

Rodd HD, Boissonade FM, Day PF. Pulpal status of hypomineralized permanent molars. Pediatr Dent. 2007 Nov-Dec;29(6):514-20. — View Citation

Seow WK. Developmental defects of enamel and dentine: challenges for basic science research and clinical management. Aust Dent J. 2014 Jun;59 Suppl 1:143-54. doi: 10.1111/adj.12104. Epub 2013 Oct 27. Review. — View Citation

Sjogren U, Hagglund B, Sundqvist G, Wing K. Factors affecting the long-term results of endodontic treatment. J Endod. 1990 Oct;16(10):498-504. — View Citation

Taha NA, Ahmad MB, Ghanim A. Assessment of Mineral Trioxide Aggregate pulpotomy in mature permanent teeth with carious exposures. Int Endod J. 2017 Feb;50(2):117-125. doi: 10.1111/iej.12605. Epub 2016 Jan 30. — View Citation

Ward J. Vital pulp therapy in cariously exposed permanent teeth and its limitations. Aust Endod J. 2002 Apr;28(1):29-37. Review. — View Citation

Weerheijm KL, Duggal M, Mejàre I, Papagiannoulis L, Koch G, Martens LC, Hallonsten AL. Judgement criteria for molar incisor hypomineralisation (MIH) in epidemiologic studies: a summary of the European meeting on MIH held in Athens, 2003. Eur J Paediatr Dent. 2003 Sep;4(3):110-3. — View Citation

Weerheijm KL, Jälevik B, Alaluusua S. Molar-incisor hypomineralisation. Caries Res. 2001 Sep-Oct;35(5):390-1. — View Citation

William V, Messer LB, Burrow MF. Molar incisor hypomineralization: review and recommendations for clinical management. Pediatr Dent. 2006 May-Jun;28(3):224-32. Review. — View Citation

Witherspoon DE. Vital pulp therapy with new materials: new directions and treatment perspectives--permanent teeth. J Endod. 2008 Jul;34(7 Suppl):S25-8. doi: 10.1016/j.joen.2008.02.030. Review. — View Citation

* Note: There are 19 references in all — Click here to view all references

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Primary	Clinical Success	Clinical parameters indicating successful treatment include the following criteria: Absence of symptoms (except on the first 24 hrs); No tenderness to percussion; Normal soft tissue around the tooth (no swellings or sinus tract); Reduction in PAI if rarefaction was present; Normal response to cold test; Continued root development (immature teeth)	12 months
Primary	Radiographic Success	Radiographic parameters indicating successful treatment is based on the periapical index (PAI), and includes 5 scores from 1-5: PAI 1 - normal periapical structure PAI 2 - small changes in bone structure not pathognomic for apical periodontitis PAI 3 - changes in bone structure with some mineral loss characteristic of apical periodontitis PAI 4 - periodontitis with well defined radiolucent area PAI 5 - severe periodontitis with exacerbating features and bone expansion	12 months