A Community Support Network Intervention in SOAR Project Intimate Partner Violence-Related Traumatic Brain Injury

Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Clinical Trial

— SOAR-CSNI  

Official title:

Evaluating The Effectiveness Of A Community Support Network Intervention For

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Recruiting

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT04890925
• Other study ID #: H20-02412
• Status: Recruiting
• Phase: N/A
• Start date: May 1, 2022
• Est. completion date: May 30, 2024

Study information

• Verified date: May 2023
• Source: University of British Columbia
• Contact: Shambhu P Adhikari, PhD
• Phone: 7785942164
• Email: shambhu.adhikri[@]ubc.ca
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Study type: Interventional

Clinical Trial Summary

Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) comprises physical, sexual and emotional abuse and controlling behaviors imposed by an intimate partner. It is estimated that up to 92% of women who survive IPV may have suffered one or more traumatic brain injuries (TBI) from blows to the head, face, and neck, and/or anoxia or hypoxia due to strangulation. Even mild TBI may manifest as alternations in consciousness, black out, dizziness, disorientation, anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, muscles weakness or paralysis and deficits in memory, attention, planning as well as executive functions. These signs and symptoms of TBI and their consequences impact the quality of life of women surviving IPV. Furthermore, survivors experiencing multiple IPV may acquire larger extent of the injury. Though this is recognized as an urgent and serious issue worldwide, it has been remarkably understudied. To improve the quality of life of women experiencing IPV-related TBI, and to prevent potential longer-term consequences, an evidence-based therapeutic treatment is an urgent need. The Supporting Survivors of Abuse and Brain Injury through Research (SOAR) Project at the University of British Columbia-Okanagan was designed to integrate TBI knowledge into community-based supports. This Michael Smith Foundation for Health Research (MSFHR) trainee application will focus on the evaluation of the effectiveness of a community support network intervention for women with IPV-related TBI. The outcomes will generate valuable evidence to inform potential new TBI-informed policies regarding community-based and health care supports for survivors of IPV.

Description:

Globally, about 35% of women experience intimate partner violence (IPV) over the course of their lives. The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in a rapid increase of the incidence of IPV as vulnerable women are more likely to be trapped at home with their abusers. In Canada, IPV affects one in four women over their lifetime. In a study conducted in the United States, a heterogeneous (with respect to race, age, education level and employment status) sample of 99 community and shelter women, showed that about 75% sustained at least one IPV-related traumatic brain injury (TBI) and 50% of women sustained multiple IPV-related TBIs. Similar to post-concussive signs and symptoms, women with IPV-related TBI demonstrate cognitive impairments (e.g., deficits in memory, attention, reasoning, planning and executive functioning), psychopathological problems (such as depression, anxiety, fatigue and post-traumatic stress disorders), and/or sensorimotor problems (such as paralysis or paresis of facial or extremity muscles, numbness, loss of sensation, muscle spasms, facial droop, and unilateral weakness), due to blows to the head, face, or neck and/or strangulation which ultimately impacts quality of life. The very few studies conducted in this population have reported the prevalence of IPV-related TBI, characteristic signs and symptoms, prevalence and primary sequelae of non-fatal strangulation, and brain network organization associated with TBI and its cognitive effects. A recent randomized trial on prevention of IPV and relationship problems focused on the parents of newborns demonstrated that prevention interventions for at-risk couples were not effective and rather showed iatrogenic effects for some couples. Therefore, therapeutic treatment for IPV-related TBI survivors is crucial, and any physical or cognitive impairment in these survivors require therapeutic interventions similar to non-partner related TBIs. Effective therapeutic interventions would not only improve IPV-related TBI survivors' quality of life but also has the potential to prevent longer-term neurodegeneration if early detection is possible and timely treatment is provided. However, women rarely receive any therapeutic assessment or interventions after sustaining IPV-related TBI due to the lack of awareness regarding early detection and need of therapeutic interventions. On the other hand, evidence-based therapeutic interventions to improve the quality of life of survivors of IPV-related TBI are still lacking. The Supporting Survivors of Abuse and Brain Injury through Research (SOAR) Project at UBC-Okanagan is a multidisciplinary, community-based partnership designed to i) investigate the incidence and characteristics of IPV-related TBI; ii) use integrated knowledge translation to co-create and disseminate knowledge products designed to increase knowledge and awareness of TBI in those who provide support for IPV survivors; and iii) evaluate the effectiveness of a community support network intervention for women with IPV-related TBI. This MSFHR trainee application will focus on this last aim. This project will characterize quality of life, resilience, and neurocognitive and sensorimotor function prior to, immediately after, and 6 months after a 6-month community-based intervention incorporating executive function, physical activity, mindfulness/meditation, and health counseling components by comparing with a group receiving usual care and control participants. In addition, exploratory analyses will demonstrate the response to the intervention depending upon the severity of the IPV-related TBI, whether strangulation was part of the experience or not, and the extent of psychopathological comorbidities (e.g., post traumatic stress disorders, anxiety, depression, adverse childhood experiences, etc.). This study aims to disseminate the findings not only through conference presentations and peer-reviewed journal publications but also through ongoing engagement with our local, regional, and national community partner organizations. We have already co-developed and implemented a knowledge product - the Women's Support Workers module of the Concussion Awareness Training Tool (CATT) to help raise knowledge and awareness of brain injury in those who provide support to survivors of IPV. We would envision incorporating some of the key takeaway findings from the SOAR project into an updated version of the CATT module. The expected outcomes of this study will add strong evidence to the effectiveness of therapeutic interventions for, and strengthen our understanding of, this understudied experience. More broadly, this study will (i) enhance professional knowledge and research skills in understanding this underserved population, (ii) build up research knowledge on this topic, and (iii) increase knowledge on the efficacy of a novel intervention. Thus, clearly and objectively characterizing the potential for a community support network to improve resiliency, quality of life, and neurocognition will have far-reaching implications for social support policy and funding for this population and their caregivers.

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Recruiting
• Enrollment: 78
• Est. completion date: May 30, 2024
• Est. primary completion date: December 30, 2023
• Accepts healthy volunteers: Accepts Healthy Volunteers
• Gender: Female
• Age group: 18 Years to 50 Years

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

• Participants who identify as women and are survivors of IPV-related TBI

Exclusion Criteria:

• Pregnancy; any diagnosed neurological disorder other than brain injury known to affect cerebrovascular, neurocognitive, and/or sensorimotor function (e.g., stroke, Parkinson's, Alzheimer's, cerebral palsy, multiple sclerosis, migraine, seizures, etc.); taking any medication that might alter your blood pressure; have an injury or illness which affects your joints like arthritis. Participants will be tested in the early follicular phase or, if on combined hormonal contraception, at the end of the week that is off this contraception.

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Brain Concussion
• Brain Injuries
• Brain Injuries, Traumatic
• Mild Traumatic Brain Injury

Intervention

Behavioral:
• Community Support Network (CSN) intervention
The SOAR Community Support Network (CSN) intervention is a multi-pillar, interdisciplinary system platform focused on improving higher order cognitive functions through aerobic exercise, mindfulness meditation, counselling, quality of life tracking, and cognitive exercises. The goal is to improve cognitive functions such as executive function, reasoning, and memory among those experiencing the effects of brain injury. Individually tailored protocol is administered to each participant. Goals are set daily, weekly, and monthly, and accomplishments tracked in a database. The CSN seeks to test and evaluate the success of the program when applied, and tailored, to survivors of brain injury in intimate partner violence.
• Usual care
Participants in this group will receive dose-equivalent usual care based on the findings of a recent survey of the Canadian Rehabilitation Clinicians for concussion management, scoping review and clinical studies. Based on the evidence, usual care in this study will consist of education and aerobic exercises. Education includes information about the injury, recovery, management, nutrition, hydration, sleep, reassurance and goal setting that will be adapted to make appropriate to the population of this study. Aerobics include stationary cycling and treadmill exercises.

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
Canada	Nanaimo Brain Injury Society	Nanaimo	British Columbia

Sponsors (5)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
University of British Columbia	ABI Wellness, BrainTrust Canada, Nanaimo Brain Injury Society, The Kelowna Women's Shelter

Country where clinical trial is conducted

Canada, 

References & Publications (15)

Buttell F, Ferreira RJ. The hidden disaster of COVID-19: Intimate partner violence. Psychol Trauma. 2020 Aug;12(S1):S197-S198. doi: 10.1037/tra0000646. Epub 2020 Jun 22. — View Citation

Colantonio A. Beyond Football: Intimate Partner Violence and Concussion/Brain Injury. Canadian Psychology. 2020.

Connor KM, Davidson JR. Development of a new resilience scale: the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC). Depress Anxiety. 2003;18(2):76-82. doi: 10.1002/da.10113. — View Citation

Dobney DM, Miller MB, Tufts E. Non-pharmacological rehabilitation interventions for concussion in children: a scoping review. Disabil Rehabil. 2019 Mar;41(6):727-739. doi: 10.1080/09638288.2017.1400595. Epub 2017 Nov 20. — View Citation

Heyman RE, Slep AMS, Lorber MF, Mitnick DM, Xu S, Baucom KJW, Halford WK, Niolon PH. A Randomized, Controlled Trial of the Impact of the Couple CARE for Parents of Newborns Program on the Prevention of Intimate Partner Violence and Relationship Problems. — View Citation

Iverson KM, Sayer NA, Meterko M, Stolzmann K, Suri P, Gormley K, Nealon Seibert M, Yan K, Pogoda TK. Intimate Partner Violence Among Female OEF/OIF/OND Veterans Who Were Evaluated for Traumatic Brain Injury in the Veterans Health Administration: A Prelimi — View Citation

Kondo A, Shahpasand K, Mannix R, Qiu J, Moncaster J, Chen CH, Yao Y, Lin YM, Driver JA, Sun Y, Wei S, Luo ML, Albayram O, Huang P, Rotenberg A, Ryo A, Goldstein LE, Pascual-Leone A, McKee AC, Meehan W, Zhou XZ, Lu KP. Antibody against early driver of neur — View Citation

Patch M, Anderson JC, Campbell JC. Injuries of Women Surviving Intimate Partner Strangulation and Subsequent Emergency Health Care Seeking: An Integrative Evidence Review. J Emerg Nurs. 2018 Jul;44(4):384-393. doi: 10.1016/j.jen.2017.12.001. Epub 2017 Dec — View Citation

Smirl JD, Jones KE, Copeland P, Khatra O, Taylor EH, Van Donkelaar P. Characterizing symptoms of traumatic brain injury in survivors of intimate partner violence. Brain Inj. 2019;33(12):1529-1538. doi: 10.1080/02699052.2019.1658129. Epub 2019 Aug 23. — View Citation

Teel E, Brossard-Racine M, Corbin-Berrigan LA, Gagnon I. Perceptual Cognitive Training Does Not Improve Clinical Outcomes at 4 and 12 Weeks Following Concussion in Children and Adolescents: A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Head Trauma Rehabil. 2021 Mar-Ap — View Citation

Valera E, Kucyi A. Brain injury in women experiencing intimate partner-violence: neural mechanistic evidence of an "invisible" trauma. Brain Imaging Behav. 2017 Dec;11(6):1664-1677. doi: 10.1007/s11682-016-9643-1. — View Citation

Valera EM, Berenbaum H. Brain injury in battered women. J Consult Clin Psychol. 2003 Aug;71(4):797-804. doi: 10.1037/0022-006x.71.4.797. — View Citation

Valera EM, Cao A, Pasternak O, Shenton ME, Kubicki M, Makris N, Adra N. White Matter Correlates of Mild Traumatic Brain Injuries in Women Subjected to Intimate-Partner Violence: A Preliminary Study. J Neurotrauma. 2019 Mar 1;36(5):661-668. doi: 10.1089/ne — View Citation

Varner CE, McLeod S, Nahiddi N, Lougheed RE, Dear TE, Borgundvaag B. Cognitive Rest and Graduated Return to Usual Activities Versus Usual Care for Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: A Randomized Controlled Trial of Emergency Department Discharge Instructions. A — View Citation

Varner CE. Specialized concussion clinic referrals are not intended for all acute concussion patients in the emergency department. CJEM. 2019 Nov;21(6):694-697. doi: 10.1017/cem.2019.430. No abstract available. — View Citation

* Note: There are 15 references in all — Click here to view all references

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Primary	Cambridge Brain Science tasks (Now called Creyos) for assessing change in neuroconginitve functions and Task Switching Task for assessing executive functions	Two purposes.; To measure "change" from baseline at one month.; To measure intervention-induced change, immediately after intervention and at 6 months post intervention; Assessments include 12 different tasks to measure short-term memory, response inhibition, attention, verbal reasoning, visuospatial working memory, deductive reasoning, episodic memory, visuospatial processing, mental rotation, planning, spatial short-term memory, and working memory. The detail on CBS tests are available online at https://cambridgebrainsciences.com. Some of the tasks have to be solved as quickly and accurately as possible, whereas others have to be solved only as accurately as possible. Neurocognitive functions are assessed in terms of accuracy (number of correct judgments) and efficiency (ratio between total judgments and correct judgments) and/or speed (number of judgments at all) for each subtest. Higher scores indicate higher performance in each task.	The 1st and 2nd sessions (one month apart) will occur prior to the enrollment to the intervention, the 3rd within 3 days of completing the intervention, and the 4th, 6 months after completing the intervention.
Primary	Connor-Davidson Resiliency Scale to measure change in resilience	Two purposes.; To measure "change" from baseline at one month.; To measure intervention-induced change, immediately after intervention and at 6 months post intervention; Resiliency will be characterized using the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale. This 25-item self-rated questionnaire measures responses to five factors associated with resilience on a 5-point Likert scale as follows: not true at all (0), rarely true (1), sometimes true (2), often true (3), and true nearly all of the time (4). The scale is rated based on how the participant has felt over the past month. The total score ranges from 0-100, with higher scores reflecting greater resilience. It has sound psychometric properties.	The 1st and 2nd sessions (one month apart) will occur prior to the enrollment to the intervention, the 3rd within 3 days of completing the intervention, and the 4th, 6 months after completing the intervention.
Secondary	Medical Outcomes study Questionnaire Short Form 36 (SF-36) to measure change in overall health status.	Two purposes.; To measure "change" from baseline at one month.; To measure intervention-induced change, immediately after intervention and at 6 months post intervention; Quality of Life will be measured using a modified version of the SF-36. This 36-item questionnaire consists of 8-scaled scores covering several aspects of quality of life and general health. The SF-36 has eight scaled (Vitality, Physical functioning, Bodily pain, General health perceptions, Physical role functioning, Emotional role functioning, Social role functioning, and Mental health) scores. The scores are weighted sums of the questions in each section. Scores range from 0 - 100; with lower scores indicating more disability and higher scores indicating less disability. The SF-36 is a reliable and well validated tool.	The 1st and 2nd sessions (one month apart) will occur prior to the enrollment to the intervention, the 3rd within 3 days of completing the intervention, and the 4th, 6 months after completing the intervention.