View clinical trials related to Malaria.
Filter by:The aim of the study is to determine whether piperaquine plus dihydroartemisinin (DHA-PQ) is as effective, and better tolerated, than sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine plus amodiaquine (SP+AQ), when used for seasonal Intermittent Preventive Treatment (IPT) to prevent malaria in children aged 3 to 59 months in Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso and to determine the pharmacokinetics of piperaquine in children.
In areas of which are co-endemic for vivax and falciparum malaria, treatments for the two diseases often differ and this may lead to mistreatment. This places an emphasis on diagnosis at the health service provision level. Diagnosis is also important when malaris endemicity is low - most fevers are not caused by disease. These two issues mean that most malaria and fevers are not adequately treated, even though the drugs may be effective; many patients who do not have malaria are treated for the disease, and patients with malaria may get the wrong treatment for their species. The study aims to test the effectiveness of employing rapid diagnostic tests and will study the effect on correct treatment.
The purpose of this study is to demonstrate that volunteers can be safely and reproducibly infected with Plasmodium vivax (P. vivax) by the bites of experimentally infected Anopheles dirus (An. dirus) mosquitoes carrying P. vivax sporozoites in their salivary glands.
OZ439 is a synthetic trioxolane that has potential value as a peroxide antimalarial agent. This was a Phase I, single-centre, multi-component, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled study in healthy male and female subjects. The study was conducted in 3 parts: - Part A investigated the safety, tolerability and pharmacokinetics (PK) of single oral escalating doses of OZ439. Up to 6 dose levels will be investigated to estimate dose proportionality. - Part B, the effect of food on a single oral dose of OZ439 was investigated in a 2-way crossover design. - Part C investigated the safety, tolerability and PK profile of multiple oral doses of OZ439. The starting oral dose was 50 mg and the maximum single dose to be administered did not exceed 1600 mg per subject. The maximum duration of dosing proposed was 3 days.
Design: Single-centre, controlled study in adults with uncomplicated falciparum malaria in the Nouna Health District, north-western Burkina Faso Phase: Phase II Objectives: The primary objective of this trial is to study the efficacy of different methylene blue regimens given to adults with uncomplicated falciparum malaria in an African area of high malaria transmission intensity. Population: Male adults with uncomplicated malaria from Nouna town. Sample size: N= 60 (n=20 for each group; three different dosing regimens of MB). Treatment: The participants in the three different MB regimens will receive orally twice daily 390 mg MB (total daily dose 780mg) over 7,5 or 3 days respectively. Treatment with the five (three) day regimen will only start after all patients of the seven (five) days regimen have been followed up until day 3. Endpoints: The primary endpoint is the adequate clinical and parasitological response (ACPR) rate on day 28. Secondary endpoints are the number of adverse events (AE) after drug intake until day 28, clinical and parasitological failure rates on day 14 and 28, changes in haemoglobin/haematocrit until day 28, and fever and parasite clearance time.
In many areas of the world most severely affected by the HIV/AIDS pandemic, insect and water-borne diseases such as malaria and diarrheal disease are common causes of illness and death. In addition, diarrhea and malaria are more common and more severe among adults and children infected with HIV. These infections may modulate the immune system, affect the replication of the HIV virus and could result in more rapid HIV disease progression in co-infected individuals. Access to practical, inexpensive and easy to use interventions to prevent these diseases may be effective in delaying HIV progression. Current Kenya government and World Health Organization guidelines recommend the use of cotrimoxazole (trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole [TMP/SMX]) to prevent co-infections, including malaria. Despite the provision of TMP/SMX to HIV-infected adults, infections with malaria and pathogens causing diarrhea remain common causes of morbidity and mortality in many resource-limited settings. In addition, TMP/SMX may not prevent all infections with malaria or other pathogens due to alternative mechanisms of action, antimicrobial resistance and non-compliance due to adverse events or other reasons. We propose a study to evaluate the impact of providing insecticide treated bednets and a simple water filtration device on markers of HIV disease progression among a cohort of ART naïve, HIV infected adults prescribed TMP/SMX in Kenya. In addition, we propose to evaluate the effect of these interventions on malaria and diarrheal disease incidence and on compliance with TMP/SMX.
The investigators performed a prospective study, in order to assess the feasibility and safety of restricting antimalarials to rapid diagnostic test (RDT)-confirmed cases in children aged 5 to 15 years-old
Malaria affects around 515 million people each year, about a million of whom die from the disease. It is a major problem for those who live in affected areas as well as for travellers to affected areas. There is a great need for a safe, effective malaria vaccine. The purpose of this study is to test 2 new vaccination regimes that include a new malaria vaccine candidate, for their ability to prevent malaria infection. The vaccines are different types of virus which contain genetic information (DNA) from the malaria parasite. This genetic material is named ME-TRAP. The aim is to use these viruses to help the body make an immune response against the malaria parasite. Both viruses are inactivated so that they are unable to multiply within the body. The first vaccine virus is a weakened version of a common cold virus. Such adenoviruses occur in many strain types and commonly infect chimpanzees as well as people and this vaccine uses a strain originally derived from a chimpanzee. The vaccine is called AdCh63 ME-TRAP. The other virus is Modified Vaccinia Ankara Virus, (MVA), which is a safer form of the vaccine virus previously widely used for smallpox vaccination. The vaccine is called MVA ME-TRAP. This study will enable the investigators to assess: 1. The ability of different vaccine combinations to prevent malaria infection 2. The safety of the vaccine combinations in healthy volunteers 3. The response of the human immune system to the vaccines
This is an open label phase I study, to assess the safety of a novel malaria vaccine, AdCh63 ME-TRAP, simian adenovirus encoding Plasmodium falciparum antigens. This follows promising phase I clinical studies of MVA ME-TRAP and preclinical studies of AdCh63 and MVA ME-TRAP used together in prime-boost regimes. All volunteers recruited will be healthy adults. They will be primed with various doses of AdCh63 ME-TRAP administered intradermally or intramuscularly. Some of the volunteers will receive a booster vaccination with MVA ME-TRAP at various doses administered via the intradermal or intramuscular route. Safety data will be collected for each of the eight regimens. Secondary aims of this study will be to assess the immune responses generated by each of these regimes.
Background: - Globally, the Plasmodium falciparum parasite is responsible for at least 247 million acute cases of malaria each year, resulting in about 1 million deaths. Approximately 90 percent of these deaths, the majority in children under 5 years of age, occur in Africa due to infection with P. falciparum. - People living in endemic areas develop natural immunity to P. falciparum as a result of repeated infection. Consequently, children who survive to 5 years of age rarely succumb to life-threatening disease despite frequent infection. This acquired immunity is mediated in part by blood-stage parasite-specific antibodies. Thus, parasite proteins expressed during the blood-stage have been proposed as good candidates for inclusion in a vaccine. - A number of P. falciparum merozoite antigens have been identified as promising blood-stage vaccine candidates, including Merozoite Surface Protein 1 (MSP 1) and Apical Membrane Antigen 1 (AMA 1). This Phase I study is the first time that the combination vaccine (BSAM-2/Alhydrogel +CPG 7909) will be given to humans. The vaccine will be administered in a randomized, open-label (U.S.)/single-blinded (Mali), dose-escalating trial. Objectives: - To assess safety and reactogenicity of the combination vaccine (BSAM-2/Alhydrogel +CPG 7909) in malaria-naive U.S. adults and semi-immune Malian adults. - To determine the antibody response of the combination vaccine to the AMA 1 and MSP 142 proteins, as measured by antibody levels and parasite growth inhibition. - To determine the extent to which the antibody response to the individual antigens (AMA 1 and MSP 142) is correlated when the combination vaccine is given, and to determine T and B cell responses to vaccination. Eligibility: - United States: Healthy volunteers between 18 and 50 years, inclusive. Available for the 52 weeks of the trial and willing to participate in the study as evidenced by signing the informed consent document. - Mali: Healthy volunteers between 18 and 45 years, inclusive, and a known resident of the village of Bancoumana. Available for the 52 weeks of the trial; willing to participate in the study as evidenced by signing the informed consent document or by fingerprinting the consent document with the signature of a witness. - Potential participants must meet extensive health and screening requirements to participate in this study. Good general health is required as a result of review of medical history and clinical testing at the time of screening. - Women who are pregnant or breastfeeding are not eligible. Design: - During the 52-week study, participants will receive the first vaccine and complete the following: - Physical examination and patient education regarding the signs and symptoms of potential adverse effects. - Blood and urine testing, and vital signs (blood pressure, temperature, heart rate, and respiratory rate). - United States: Education on the use of digital thermometer, injection-site reaction measurement, and malaria vaccine side-effect memory enhancement tool (daily symptom diaries). - Mali: Additional blood draws for malaria smear and urine test for chloroquine testing. - U.S. and Mali participants will return to the study site on specified days throughout the 52 weeks to receive two additional vaccines, record vital signs, complete additional blood and urine testing, and review patient education. - U.S. participants will record oral temperature once during the day, as well as pain, tenderness, redness, swelling at the injection site and any systemic signs or symptoms for 6 days following each immunization. - Participants will receive financial compensation (United States) or food (Mali) to compensate for their time.