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Clinical Trial Details — Status: Active, not recruiting

Administrative data

NCT number NCT02242942
Other study ID # BO25323
Secondary ID 2014-001810-24CL
Status Active, not recruiting
Phase Phase 3
First received
Last updated
Start date December 31, 2014
Est. completion date August 31, 2025

Study information

Verified date June 2024
Source Hoffmann-La Roche
Contact n/a
Is FDA regulated No
Health authority
Study type Interventional

Clinical Trial Summary

This open-label, multicenter, randomized Phase III study is designed to compare the efficacy and safety of a combined regimen of obinutuzumab and venetoclax versus obinutuzumab + chlorambucil in participants with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and coexisting medical conditions. The time on study treatment was approximately one year and the follow-up period will be up to 9 years.


Recruitment information / eligibility

Status Active, not recruiting
Enrollment 445
Est. completion date August 31, 2025
Est. primary completion date August 17, 2018
Accepts healthy volunteers No
Gender All
Age group 18 Years and older
Eligibility Inclusion Criteria: - Documented previously untreated CLL according to the International Workshop on Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (IWCLL) criteria - CLL requiring treatment according to IWCLL criteria - Total Cumulative Illness Rating Scale (CIRS score) greater than (>) 6 - Adequate marrow function independent of growth factor or transfusion support within 2 weeks of screening as per protocol, unless cytopenia is due to marrow involvement of CLL - Adequate liver function - Life expectancy > 6 months - Agreement to use highly effective contraceptive methods per protocol Exclusion Criteria: - Transformation of CLL to aggressive Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (Richter's transformation or pro-lymphocytic leukemia) - Known central nervous system involvement - Participants with a history of confirmed progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) - An individual organ/ system impairment score of 4 as assessed by the CIRS definition limiting the ability to receive the treatment regimen of this trial with the exception of eyes, ears, nose, throat organ system - Participants with uncontrolled autoimmune hemolytic anemia or immune thrombocytopenia - Inadequate renal function - History of prior malignancy, except for conditions as listed in the protocol if participants have recovered from the acute side effects incurred as a result of previous therapy - Use of investigational agents or concurrent anti-cancer treatment within the last 4 weeks of registration - Participants with active bacterial, viral, or fungal infection requiring systemic treatment within the last two months prior to registration - History of severe allergic or anaphylactic reactions to humanized or murine monoclonal antibodies or known sensitivity or allergy to murine products - Hypersensitivity to chlorambucil, obinutuzumab, or venetoclax or to any of the excipients - Pregnant women and nursing mothers - Positive test results for chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection (defined as positive hepatitis B surface antigen [HBsAg] serology) or positive test result for hepatitis C (hepatitis C virus [HCV] antibody serology testing) - Participants with known infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or human T-cell leukemia virus-1 (HTLV-1) - Requires the use of warfarin, marcumar, or phenprocoumon - Received agents known to be strong and moderate Cytochrome P450 3A inhibitors or inducers within 7 days prior to the first dose of study drug

Study Design


Related Conditions & MeSH terms


Intervention

Drug:
Chlorambucil
Chlorambucil 0.5 milligrams per kilogram (mg/kg) orally at Day 1 and Day 15 at of each 28 day cycle for 12 cycles.
Venetoclax
Venetoclax, oral tablet: 20 mg daily during Cycle 1, Day 22-28; 50 mg daily during Cycle 2, Day 1-7; 100 mg daily during Cycle 2, Day 8-14; 200 mg daily during Cycle 2, Day 15-21; 400 mg daily during Cycle 2, Day 22-28 and on Day 1-28 for all subsequent cycles until the end of Cycle 12.
Obinutuzumab
Obinutuzumab, IV infusion: 100 mg or 1000 mg, depending on splitting rules, at Cycle 1, Day 1 (if 100 mg was received on Day 1, 900 mg will be administered on Cycle 1, Day 2); 1000 mg at Cycle 1, Day 8 and Day 15; 1000 mg at Day 1 for all subsequent cycles until the end of Cycle 6

Locations

Country Name City State
Argentina Hospital Italiano Buenos Aires
Australia Royal Adelaide Hospital; Haematology Clinical Trials Adelaide South Australia
Australia Ashford Cancer Centre Research; Internal Medicine/Medical Oncology Ashford South Australia
Australia Box Hill Hospital Box Hill Victoria
Australia The Townsville Hospital Douglas Queensland
Australia The Northern Hospital Epping Victoria
Australia Liverpool Hospital Liverpool New South Wales
Australia Monash Medical Centre; Haematology Melbourne Victoria
Australia Tweed Hospital Tweed Heads New South Wales
Australia Princess Alexandra Hospital Woolloongabba; Clinical Hematology and Medical Oncology Woolloongabba Queensland
Austria Tiroler Landeskrankenanstalten Ges.M.B.H.; Innere Medizin Abt. Für Hämatologie & Onkologie Innsbruck
Austria Hanusch-Krankenhaus; Iii. Medizinische Abt. Wien
Austria Medizinische Universität Wien; Univ.Klinik für Innere Medizin I - Hämatologie & Hämostaseologie Wien
Austria Wilhelminenspital; I. Medizinische Abt. Wien
Brazil Hospital das Clinicas - UFRGS Porto Alegre RS
Brazil Hospital das Clinicas - FMUSP Sao Paulo SP
Brazil Hospital Santa Marcelina Sao Paulo SP
Brazil Hospital Sírio-Libanês Sao Paulo SP
Brazil Instituto de Ensino e Pesquisa Sao Lucas - IEP Sao Paulo SP
Bulgaria UMHAT Dr Georgi Stranski; Hematology Pleven
Bulgaria UMHAT " Sveti Georgi" Plovdiv - Clinic of Oncology and Hematology Plovdiv
Bulgaria University Hospital Sv.Georgi Clnic of Hematology; Hematology Plovdiv
Bulgaria University Multiprofile Hospital For Active Treatment "Sveti Ivan Rilski" EAD; clinical hematology Sofia
Bulgaria MHAT Hristo Botev; First Internal Department Vratsa
Canada Tom Baker Cancer Centre; Dept of Medicine Calgary Alberta
Canada Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre; Oncology Halifax Nova Scotia
Canada Jewish General Hospital Montreal Quebec
Croatia University Hospital Center Zagreb; Haematology Department Zagreb
Croatia University Hospital Merkur Clinic for Internal Medicine/ Hematology Zagreb
Denmark Herlev Hospital Herlev
Denmark Rigshospitalet København Ø
Denmark Sjaellands Universitetshospital, Roskilde Roskilde
Denmark Sygehus Lillebælt, Vejle Vejle
Estonia North Estonia medical Centre; Hematology Tallinn
Estonia Tartu Uni Hospital; Hematology - Oncology Clinic Tartu
France CHU Besançon - Hôpital Jean Minjoz Besançon Cedex
France Institut d'Hématologie de Basse Normandie Caen
France Chu Estaing; Hematologie Clinique Adultes Clermont Ferrand
France Hopital Henri Mondor Creteil
France CHU de Dijon - Hopital le Bocage Dijon
France CHU de Grenoble Grenoble
France Centre Jean Bernard Le Mans
France Centre Leon Berard; Departement Oncologie Medicale Lyon
France Hôpital Saint Eloi; Service d?Hématologie et Oncologie Clinique - Recherche Clinique Montpellier
France Hopital Hotel Dieu Et Hme;Hopital De Jour Nantes
France Hopital Saint Louis ; Service d Oncologie Medicale Fougere 6 (Pr Misset) Paris
France Hopital Pontchaillou; Hematologie Clinique Rennes
France Centre Henri Becquerel; Hematologie Rouen
France CH de Toulon Hôpital Sainte Musse Toulon
France Institut Gustave Roussy - Hematologie Villejuif
Germany Uniklinik RWTH Aachen; Klinik IV; Klinik Hämatologie, Onkologie, Hämostaseologie und Stamm. Aachen
Germany Gesundheitszentrum St. Marien GmbH; Med. II, Hämatologie/Onkologie Amberg
Germany Charite - Campus Virchow-Klinikum Berlin
Germany Charite - Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin
Germany BAG Freiberg-Richter, Jacobasch, Illmer, Wolf; Gemeinschaftspraxis Hämatologie-Onkologie Dresden
Germany Uniklinikum "Carl Gustav Carus"; Med. Klinik 1; Hämatologie, Zelltherapie und Medizinische Onkologie Dresden
Germany Universitätsklinikum Essen; Klinik für Hämatologie Essen
Germany Klinik Esslingen; Klinik für Allgemeine Innere Medizin, Onkologie/Haematologie Esslingen
Germany Klinikum Frankfurt/Oder Frankfurt/Oder
Germany Uniklinikum Freiburg Freiburg
Germany Uni Göttingen, Georg-August-Universität; Klinik für Hämatologie und Medizinische Onkologie Göttingen
Germany Universitaetsklinikum Heidelberg Heidelberg
Germany Stiftung Kathol. Krankenhaus Marienhospital Herne Klinik Mitte Herne
Germany Praxisklinik für Hämatologie und Onkologie Koblenz Koblenz
Germany Universitätsklinikum Köln; Innere Medizin I; Onkologie, Hämatologie Köln
Germany Tagesklinik Landshut; Hämatologie/Onkologie Landshut
Germany Kliniken Maria Hilf GmbH Innere Medizin I Mönchengladbach
Germany Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München Munchen
Germany Klinikum der Universität München, Campus Großhadern; Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik III München
Germany München Klinik Schwabing; Klinik für Hämatologie, Onkologie, Immunologie München
Germany Klinikum Schwäbisch Gmünd Mutlangen
Germany Gemeinschaftspraxis Dr. med. Holger Klaproth Neunkirchen/Saar
Germany Brüderkrankenhaus St. Josef Paderborn Paderborn
Germany Krankenhaus Barmherzige Bruder Regensburg Regensburg
Germany Marienhospital Stuttgart
Germany Robert-Bosch-Krankenhaus Stuttgart
Germany Universitätsklinikum Tübingen Tübingen
Germany Universtitätsklinikum Ulm; Klinik für Innere Medizin III Ulm
Germany Medizinisches Versorgungszentrum Nuklearmedizin-Strahlentherapie-Onkologie Weiden
Italy Arcispedale S. Anna; Sezione Di Ematologia Ferrara Emilia-Romagna
Italy Ospedali Riuniti Papardo-Piemonte; Struttura Complessa Di Ematologia Messina Lazio
Italy Ospedale San Raffaele Milano Lombardia
Italy Uni Cattolica; Divisione Di Ematologia Roma Lazio
Italy Az. Osp. S. Maria; Dept. Di Oncologia Medica Terni Umbria
Italy AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino - Presidio Le Molinette Torino Lazio
Italy Ospedale dell' Angelo; U.O. Ematologia Venezia Mestre Veneto
Mexico Hospital General de Culiacan Culiacan Sinaloa
New Zealand Canterbury Health Laboratories; Haematology Christchurch
New Zealand Dunedin Hospital Dunedin
New Zealand Midcentral District Health Board Palmerston North
New Zealand Wellington Hospital Wellington
Poland Uniwersytecki Szpital Kliniczny w Bia?ymstoku, Klinika Hematologii z Pododdzia?em Chorob Naczyn Bialystok
Poland Samodzielny Public Zaklad Chorzów
Poland Wojewódzki Szpital Specjalistyczny im.Miko?ajaKopernika;KlinikaHematologiiUniwersytetuMedycznego Lodz
Poland Wojewodzki Szpital Specjalistyczny im. J. Korczaka; Oddzia? Chorób Wewnetrznych/Hematologiczny Slupsk
Poland Samodzielny Publiczny Szpital Kliniczny Nr 1 we Wroc?awiu; Klinika Hematologii Wroclaw
Romania Fundeni Clinical Inst. ; Hematology Dept Bucharest
Romania Institutul Regional de Oncologie Iasi; Clinica de Hematologie Iasi
Romania Spitalul Clinic Judetean de Urgenta Targu-Mures; compartiment Hematologie Targu-mures
Russian Federation Republican Clinical Oncologic Dispensary of Republic Of Tatarstan Kazan Tatarstan
Russian Federation Moscow State Budgetary Healthcare Institution Moscow Moskovskaja Oblast
Russian Federation Regional Clinical Hospital N.A. Semashko; Hematology Nizhny Novgorod Niznij Novgorod
Russian Federation Penza Regional Oncology Dispensary Penza
Russian Federation Clinical MSCh No1 Perm
Russian Federation Rostov State Medical Uni ; Hematology Rostov-na-donu Rostov
Russian Federation SBEI of HPE ?Bashkir State Medical University? of MoH RF UFA Baskortostan
Spain Hospital Clínic i Provincial; Servicio de Hematología y Oncología Barcelona
Spain Hospital del Mar; Servicio de Hematologia Barcelona
Spain Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron; Servicio de Hematologia Barcelona
Spain Hospital Universitario de Canarias;servicio de Hematologia La Laguna Tenerife
Spain Hospital Univ. 12 de Octubre; Servicio de Hematologia Madrid
Spain Hospital Universitario de la Princesa; Servicio de Hematologia Madrid
Spain Hospital Universitario La Paz Madrid
Spain Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal Madrid
Spain Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra Pamplona Navarra
Spain Hospital Clinico Universitario de Salamanca;Servicio de Hematologia Salamanca
Spain Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocio Sevilla
Spain Complejo Hospitalario de Toledo- H. Virgen de la Salud; Servicio de Hematología Toledo
Spain Hospital Arnau de Vilanova (Valencia) Servicio de Hematologia Valencia
Spain Hospital Clinico Universitario de Valencia; Servicio de Onco-hematologia Valencia
Switzerland Inselspital Bern; Hämatologie und Hämatologisches Zentrallabor Bern
Switzerland Luzerner Kantonsspital, Hämatologie Luzern
Switzerland Universitätsspital Zürich Medizin Hämatologie; Klinik für Hämatologie Zürich
United Kingdom Birmingham Heartlands Hospital Birmingham
United Kingdom Boston Pilgrim Hospital Boston,Lincolnshire
United Kingdom Western General Hospital; Department of Haematology Edinburgh
United Kingdom Lincoln County Hospital Lincoln
United Kingdom University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust Southhampton
United States Winship Cancer Institute Atlanta Georgia
United States Henry Ford Hospital Detroit Michigan
United States City of Hope Duarte California
United States San Diego Pacific Hematology Assocates Encinitas California
United States Banner MD Anderson Cancer Center Gilbert Arizona
United States Ingalls Memorial Hospital Harvey Illinois
United States UC San Diego Health System La Jolla California
United States Joe Arrington Cancer Center Lubbock Texas
United States Moffitt Cancer Center Tampa Florida

Sponsors (3)

Lead Sponsor Collaborator
Hoffmann-La Roche AbbVie, German CLL Study Group

Countries where clinical trial is conducted

United States,  Argentina,  Australia,  Austria,  Brazil,  Bulgaria,  Canada,  Croatia,  Denmark,  Estonia,  France,  Germany,  Italy,  Mexico,  New Zealand,  Poland,  Romania,  Russian Federation,  Spain,  Switzerland,  United Kingdom, 

Outcome

Type Measure Description Time frame Safety issue
Primary Progression Free Survival (PFS) Based on Investigator Assessment According to IWCLL Criteria PFS was determined according to IWCLL 2008 criteria and defined as the time from randomization to the first occurrence of PD or death from any cause. Disease progression was characterized by at least one of the following: 1) >/= 50% increase in the absolute number of circulating lymphocytes to at least 5*10^9/L, 2) Appearance of new palpable lymph nodes (> 15 mm in longest diameter) or any new extra-nodal lesion; 3) >/= 50% increase in the longest diameter of any previous site of lymphadenopathy; 4) >/= 50% increase in the enlargement of the liver and/or spleen; 5) Transformation to a more aggressive histology. Baseline until disease progression or death up to approximately 3.75 years
Secondary Progression Free Survival (PFS) Based on Institutional Review Committee (IRC)-Assessments According to International Workshop on Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (IWCLL) Criteria PFS was determined according to IWCLL 2008 criteria and defined as the time from randomization to the first occurrence of progressive disease (PD) or death from any cause. Disease progression was characterized by at least one of the following: 1) >/= 50% increase in the absolute number of circulating lymphocytes to at least 5*10^9/L, 2) Appearance of new palpable lymph nodes (> 15 mm in longest diameter) or any new extra-nodal lesion; 3) >/= 50% increase in the longest diameter of any previous site of lymphadenopathy; 4) >/= 50% increase in the enlargement of the liver and/or spleen; 5) Transformation to a more aggressive histology. Baseline until disease progression or death up to approximately 3.75 years
Secondary Percentage of Participants With an Overall Response (OR) at Completion of Treatment, as Determined by the Investigator According to IWCLL Criteria OR was defined as complete response (CR), CR with incomplete bone marrow recovery (CRi), or partial response (PR) according to IWCLL 2008 criteria. CR requires all of the following: peripheral blood lymphocytes below 4x10^9/L, absence of lymphadenopathy by physical examination and computed tomography (CT) scan, no hepatomegaly or splenomegaly, absence of disease or constitutional symptoms, blood counts of neutrophils >1.5*10^9/L, platelets >100*10^9/L and hemoglobin >110 g/L, bone marrow at least normocellular for age without clonal infiltrate (except for Cri). PR: two of the following features for at least 2 months: >/= 50% decrease in peripheral blood lymphocyte count from the pretreatment value, >/=50% reduction in lymphadenopathy, >/=50% reduction of liver and/or spleen enlargement, and at least one of the following blood counts: neutrophils >1.5*10^9/L, platelets >100*10^9/L and hemoglobin >110 g/L. At the completion of treatment assessment 3 months after treatment completion (at approximately 15 months)
Secondary Percentage of Participants With a Complete Response Rate (CRR) at the Completion of Treatment Assessment as Determined by the Investigator According to IWCLL Criteria CRR was defined as the rate of a clinical response of CR or CRi according to IWCLL 2008 criteria. CR requires all of the following: peripheral blood lymphocytes below 4x10^9/L, absence of lymphadenopathy by physical examination and CT scan, no hepatomegaly or splenomegaly, absence of disease or constitutional symptoms, blood counts of neutrophils >1.5*10^9/L, platelets >100*10^9/L and hemoglobin >110 g/L, bone marrow at least normocellular for age without clonal infiltrate (except for Cri). At the completion of treatment assessment 3 months after treatment completion (at approximately 15 months)
Secondary Percentage of Participants With Minimal Residual Disease (MRD) Negativity in Peripheral Blood as Measured by Allele-Specific Oligonucleotide Polymerase Chain Reaction (ASO-PCR) at Completion of Treatment MRD negativity was defined as having < 1 CLL cell per 10,000 leucocytes in peripheral blood. At the completion of treatment assessment 3 months after treatment completion (at approximately 15 months)
Secondary Percentage of Participants With MRD Negativity in Bone Marrow as Measured by ASO-PCR at Completion of Treatment MRD negativity was defined as having < 1 CLL cell per 10,000 leucocytes in bone marrow. At the completion of treatment assessment 3 months after treatment completion (at approximately 15 months)
Secondary Overall Survival (OS) OS was defined as the time between the date of randomization and the date of death due to any cause. Baseline until death, up to approximately 10.75 years
Secondary Percentage of Participants With MRD Negativity in Peripheral Blood as Measured by ASO-PCR at Completion of Combination Treatment Assessment MRD negativity was defined as having < 1 CLL cell per 10,000 leucocytes in peripheral blood. Day 1 Cycle 9 or 3 months after last IV infusion, approximately 9 months
Secondary Percentage of Participants With MRD Negativity in Bone Marrow as Measured by ASO-PCR at Completion of Combination Treatment Assessment MRD negativity was defined as having < 1 CLL cell per 10,000 leucocytes in bone marrow. Day 1 Cycle 9 or 3 months after last IV infusion at approximately 9 months
Secondary Percentage of Participants With OR at Completion of Combination Treatment Response Assessment OR was defined as CR, CRi or PR according to IWCLL 2008 criteria. CR required all of the following: peripheral blood lymphocytes below 4x10^9/L, absence of lymphadenopathy by physical examination, no hepatomegaly or splenomegaly, absence of disease or constitutional symptoms, blood counts of neutrophils >1.5*10^9/L, platelets >100*10^9/L and hemoglobin >110 g/L. PR: two of the following features for at least 2 months: >/= 50% decrease in peripheral blood lymphocyte count from the pretreatment value, >/=50% reduction in lymphadenopathy, >/=50% reduction of liver and/or spleen enlargement, and at least one of the following blood counts: neutrophils >1.5*10^9/L, platelets >100*10^9/L and hemoglobin >110 g/L. Day 1 Cycle 7 or 28 days after last IV infusion, approximately 6 months
Secondary Duration of Objective Response (DOR) PD was defined as lymphadenopathy, >=50% increase in liver or spleen size, >=50% increase in lymphocyte count, transformation to a more aggressive histology or occurrence of cytopenia. Time from the first occurrence of a documented objective response to the time of PD as determined by the investigator or death from any cause, up to approximately 10.75 years
Secondary Percentage of Participants By Best Response Achieved (CR, CRi, PR, Stable Disease (SD), or PD) CR: peripheral blood lymphocytes below 4x10^9/L, absence of lymphadenopathy by physical examination and CT scan, no hepatomegaly or splenomegaly, absence of disease or constitutional symptoms, blood counts of neutrophils >1.5*10^9/L, platelets >100*10^9/L and hemoglobin >110 g/L, bone marrow at least normocellular for age without clonal infiltrate (except for Cri). PR: any two for at least 2 months: >/= 50% decrease in peripheral blood lymphocyte count from the pretreatment value, >/=50% reduction in lymphadenopathy, >/=50% reduction of liver and/or spleen enlargement, and at least one of the following blood counts: neutrophils >1.5*10^9/L, platelets >100*10^9/L and hemoglobin >110 g/L. PD: lymphadenopathy, >=50% increase in liver or spleen size, >=50% increase in lymphocyte count, transformation to a more aggressive histology or occurrence of cytopenia. SD: a non-response and used to characterize participants who did not achieve a CR or a PR, and who have not exhibited PD. Baseline up to the completion of treatment assessment 3 months after treatment completion (up to approximately 15 months)
Secondary Event-Free Survival Time between date of randomization and the date of disease progression/relapse on the basis of investigator-assessment, death, or start of a new anti-leukemic therapy, up to 10.75 years
Secondary Time to Next Anti-Leukemic Treatment Time between the date of randomization and the date of first intake of new anti-leukemic therapy, up to 10.75 years
Secondary Number of Participants With Adverse Events (AEs) An AE is any untoward medical occurrence in a participant administered a pharmaceutical product and which does not necessarily have to have a causal relationship with the treatment. An AE can therefore be any unfavorable and unintended sign (including an abnormal laboratory finding, for example), symptom, or disease temporally associated with the use of a pharmaceutical product, whether or not considered related to the pharmaceutical product. Preexisting conditions which worsen during a study are also considered as AEs. Up to approximately 10.75 years
Secondary Percentage of Participants With CD19 + /CD5+ B Cells or CD14+ Monocytes Baseline up to approximately 10.75 years
Secondary Percentage of Participants With Human-Anti-Human Antibodies Baseline up to approximately 10.75 years
Secondary Percentage of Participants Recorded as Premature Study Withdrawals Up to approximately 10.75 years
Secondary Plasma Concentrations of Venetoclax Pre-venetoclax dose (0 hour) and 4 hours post- venetoclax dose on Day 1 Cycle 4
Secondary Serum Concentrations of Obinutuzumab Pre-obinutuzumab infusion (0 hour) and end of obinutuzumab infusion on Day 1 Cycle 4
Secondary Change From Baseline in M.D. Anderson Symptom Inventory-CLL (MDASI-CLL) Score The MDASI-CLL is a questionnaire of 25 items related to CLL specific symptoms that a participant may have experienced in the past 24 hours. Participants were asked to rate the severity of 13 symptoms called mean core symptom severity (i.e., pain, fatigue, nausea, disturbed sleep, distressed, shortness of breath, remembering things, lack of appetite, drowsy, dry mouth, sadness, vomiting, and numbness or tingling), 6 disease-specific symptoms called mean module symptom severity (night sweats, fevers and chills, lymph node swelling, diarrhea, easy bruising or bleeding, and constipation) and 6 mean interference on life questions (i.e., general activity, walking, work, mood, relations with other people, and enjoyment of life) on a scale from 0 to 10 with 0 indicating that the symptom is "not present" or "did not interfere" with the participant's activities and 10 indicating "as bad as you can imagine" or "interfered completely". Scores were averaged (range 0 to 10) for each of three parts. Baseline up to approximately 10.75 years
Secondary Change From Baseline in European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30 (EORTC QLQC30) The EORTC QLQ-C30 is a validated and reliable self-report measure consisting of 30 questions incorporated into five functional scales (physical, role, cognitive, emotional, and social scales), three symptom scales (fatigue, pain, nausea, and vomiting scales), and a global health status/global quality-of-life scale. The remaining single items (dyspnea, appetite loss, sleep disturbance, constipation, and diarrhea) assess the additional symptoms experienced by patients with cancer and the perceived financial burden of treatment. The 28 function and symptom items were scored on a 4-point scale that ranged from "not at all" to "very much," and the 2 global health status/global quality-of-life items were scored on a 7-point scale that ranged from "very poor" to "excellent." Raw average scale scores were linearly transformed to range 0-100 with higher scores indicating higher response levels (i.e., higher functioning, higher symptom severity). Baseline up to approximately 10.75 years
Secondary Change From Baseline in EuroQol 5 Dimension Questionnaire (EQ-5D-3L) The EQ-5D-3L questionnaire is a generic, preference based health utility measure that assesses 5 health states (mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort, and anxiety/depression) and is used to build a composite of the patient's health status. The EQ-5D-3L was employed in this study to calculate health utilities for economic modeling, which ranged 0-1. The EQ-5D-3L also contained a visual analog scale (VAS) to assess the participant's overall health, which ranged from 0-100 with a higher score indicating a worse health status. Baseline up to approximately 10.75 years
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